FRE F R I
ellíptlcit . .
eplpíérá, 1 . .
excêlsïôr, 2 .
argentea
aüréa , .
erOsà . . .
fuiigCsâ , .
horizontals
jaspHéa . .
nânâ . , .
péndula . .
striata .
verticillñns .
expánsa . .
fusca • .
heterophyliñ, 3
iuglandifòUa .
lâncéa . . .
lentiscifôlïa
pèndala
longifOlïa . .
lùcida . . .
macrophyllâ .
mixta . . .
nânâ . . .
nïgrâ . . .
ovStî . . .
oxycârpâ . .
oxvphvlla .
pallida ; . .
pannósa . .
parvifôlïa . .
plfxtycarpa . .
pubëscêns, 4 .
pulverulenta .
quadrançulâtâ
Riehârdï . .
ruMcünda . .
rûfâ . . . .
samiiucîfôlïà .
verrucòsa . .
virèns . . ,
variegata
vïridïs . . .
• Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
, Green
. Green
. Green
» Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green
. Green ,
. Green ,
. Green
. Green .
. Green ,
. Green .
. Green .
. Green .
. Green .
. Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green .
Green ,
1825
1B23
. 6, H. De. T. N. Amer
. 5, H. Des T. N. Amer
. 5, H. De. T. Britain .
. 6, H. De. T. Britain .
. 5, H. De. T. Britain .
, 5, H. De. T. Britain .
. 5, H. De. T. Britain .
5, H. De. T. Britain .
5, H. De. T.
5, H. De. T. Britain .
5, H. De. T.
5, H. De. T. Britain
5, H. De. T. Britain
5, H. De. T
6, H. De. T
5, H. De. T
5, H. De. T. N. Amer,
5, H. De. T. N. Amer
6, H. De. T. Aleppo .
6, H. De. T. Germany
5, H. De. T. N. Amer,
5, H. De. T.
5, H. De. T.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer,
6, H. De. T.
5, H, De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. Caucasua
N. Amer.
N. Amer.
England
H. De. T. S. Eur. .
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
6, H. De. T. Carolina
5, H. De. T Levant .
5, H De. T. N. Amer.
4, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. T. England
5, H. De. T.
4, H. De. T.
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
1824
1823
1783
1820
1710
1833
1824
1823
1824
1825
1815
1821
1820
1822
1820
1811
1824
1822
1824
1822
1800
1824
FREE, apart from each other, not connected together
FRENCH MARIGOLD, see TagStSs pdiiild.
FREZIERA, Srvai'fz, Named in compliment to A . F.
Freziery a French traveller in Chili and the South
Sea. Livn. 13, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Ternstromiacece.
An ornamental, tall-growing tree, wi t h the habit
ot Laurxis. It requires to be grown in a mixtur e of
sand, loam, and peat; and cuttings take, when
planted in sand, under a glass, in heat.
thBeoides . . . White. . S. Ev. T. Jamaica 1818
FRIAR'S«COWL, see Arisarnm.
F R I E S T A , Decandolle, In honour of the celebrated
cryptogamic botanist Elias Fries, M.D., professor
of botany in the university of Lund. Linn. 11, Or.
1, Nat . Or. Malvacece. An ornamental shrub, from
t h r e e to six feet high ; it growsf reel y in a mixture
01 tur f v loam and peat, and ripened cuttings will
root wi thout difficulty, in a pot of sand. Synonyme:
1. ElcEocaryiis •peduncularis.
peduncularis, 1 . White. . G. Ev. S. V. D. L. 1818
FRINGED, having a border like a fringe.
FKIXGE-TOOTHEI), the border toothed so as to appear
fringed-
F R I N G E - T R E E , see Chimonanthus.
F R I T I L L A R I A , Linn. Yrom fritillus, a chessboard;
a l l u d i n g to the chequered sepals of the flowers.
Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Liliacece. These plants
have very singular and showy flowers. They will
all succeed well in a sandy soil, in the ©pen
ground, and may be increased by offsets. Svno-
nymes : 1
minor. 3
pudicum.
alba . . .
ciiprëa . .
imperiâlïs .
fiâvâ . .
rübrá
lanceolata, 1
latifOiïà
leucântha .
luvsitSnïca .
lûtëS . .
melefigrïs ,
mûltiplëx
meleagroidës
messanênsTs
mïnôr . .
Lihum Kamschatkense. 2. F. latifolia,
pyrenaica. 4. meleagris, alba. 5. Lilium
6. F. racemosa. 1. F. racemosa, minor.
Wliite . . 5, H. BI. P. N. Amer.
Copper . 7, H. BI. P. Mexico .
Dk. yel. . 4, H. BI. P. Persia .
Yellow . 4, H. BI. P. Persia .
Red . . 4, H. BI. P. Persia .
Dk. pur. . 5, H. BI. P. Kamtsehat.
Red . , 5, H. BI. P. Caucasus
^ i t e . . 5, H. BI. P. Siberia .
Br. pur. . 6y H. BI. P. Spain . ,
Yellow . 5, B. BI. P. Caucasus ,
Purple . 6, H. BI. P. Britain .
Purple , 4, H. BI. P. Gardens ,
Purple . 5, H. BI. P Siberia . ,
Br. pur. . 6, H. BI. P. Italy . .
Pur. spo. . 4, H. BL P. Altai Mts. ,
1830
159Ò-
1596
1596
1759
1604
1822
1825
1812
1824
1825
1830
F R I F U M
nervosa, 2 .
nigra, 3 . .
obliqua . .
pèrsica . .
minima .
precox, 4 .
pudica, 5 .
pyrenaïeîi, 6
ruthenïcà .
tentila, 7 .
tiUipifôlïâ .
verticillata .
Dk. pur.
Yel. pur.
Br. pur.
Brown
Brown
Wliite .
Pur. yel.
Dk. pur.
Purple
Purple
Br. piir.
Purple
5, H. Bl. P. Caucasus . 1826
5, H. Bl. P. Pyrenees . 1596
4, H. Bl. P. Caucasus
5, H. Bl. P. Persia , . 1596
5, H. Bl. P. Persia . . 1596
5, H. Kl. P. Europe .
5, H. Hl. P. N. Amer. ; 1824
6, H. Bl. P. . 1605
5, H. Bl. P. Caucasus . 1826
5, H. Bl. P. Caucasus 1826
5, H. BI. P. Crimea . . 1822
4, H. Bl. P. Crimea . 1823
ace rrLVLuaria.
FROQ-BIT, see HydrOchdris.
FROG-ORCHIS, see GymnadBntd virUis.
FRONDS,the leaves of palms and ferns.
FROSTED, covered with glittering particles
T RUCTIFEROUS, that which bears frui t .
FRUCTIFICATION, all those parts composing the f rui t of
FRUTESCENT, 1 . ,,
FRUTICOSE, J shrubby
FRUTESCKNT CELANDINE, see Boccdma frutSscSns.
FRUTICULOSE, applied to a little shrub.
FucATtjs, coloured, stained.
F ^ H S I A , Plumier. In honour of the celebrated
German botanist, Leonard Fuchs, author of Historia
b t i r p i u m , in 1542. Linn. 8, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Onagracece.
A most beautiful and well-known genus
of plants., well worthy a ^ —> . . . . ' ^ . - . . x i j u . plac e ii-niJi ecvvee iryy g^ aairudeeini ,.
especially a recently introduced species,
and said to be "probably the most beautiful plant
of the temperate flora of Mexico." A mixture of
loam and peat suits them well, but they will grow
eeqquuaallllyy wwee ll ll imn aa nn yy ll ii gg hh tt rr ii cchh ssooii ll ;; aanndd yy oo uu nn gg
cuttings will root freely in sand, under a glass,
which must occasionally be taken off to give them
air, or they are very liable to damp. Synonymes :
1. Skinner a excorticaia. 2. F. decussata.
apgtala . .
Purple
. 9, G. Ev. S. Chile .
arbortscens
Pink . .
10, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
baeillaris .
Rosy .
. 9, G. De. S. Mexico .
coceinea
Scar. pur.
8, G. Ev. S. Chile .
conica . ,
Scar. pur.
8, G. Ev. S. Chile .
dlscClor . .
Pur. red
. 8, G. Ev. S. Pt. Fam.
excorticata, 1
Grn. pur.
. 7, G. Ev. S. N. Zeal.
ftilgens . .
Vermil.
. 7, G. Ev. S. Mexico.
globosa . .
Crim. pur,
eles^ans .
7, G. Ev. S. Hybrid .
Scarlet
gracilis, 2 .
. 6 G. Ev. S. Eng. hyb.
Scar. pur.
8, G. Ev. S. Chile .
mukiflora
Sear. pur.
8, G. Ev. S. Chile .
hybrida. .
Seaxlet
, 8, G. Ev. S. Hybrid .
Ij'cioidts .
Red .
. 7, G. Ev. S. Chile .
macrostemOn
Scar. pur.
recurvala
Violet .
7, G. Ev. S. Chile .
micrnphylla
Sear. pvor.
G. Ev. S. Hybrid .
parviflor'a .
Red .
8, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
tenella . .
Scar. pur.
, 8, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
8, G. Ev. S. Chile .
thymifOira .
Red .
Purple .
, 8, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
venusta
10, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
virg;ata . .
Scar, pur,
8, G. Ev. S. Mexico .
Fucus, Linn. Derived from phukoa, a Greek name
for sea-weed. Linn. 24, Or. 7, Nat . Oi. Algce, All
the species of this genus are common on the seacoasts,
1824
1824
18i}9
1788
1825
1830
1824
183-
1830
1836
1823
1824
1825
1796
1823
1835
1828
1824
1824
1828
1825
1825
especially F, vesiculosa, which is much
employed in the manufacture of kelp, and in some
ol the Scottish islands it is the chief support of
horses, cattle, and sheep, in the winter months;
while F: serratus is the chief food of the cattle in
Norway—canaliculatiisy ceranoidSs, distichiis, iGrBils,
nodOsfis, Mackdil, serratHs, iuberculatiXs, vesiculosus,
laterifrUctuSy linearis, Jongifructiis, subcostatUs.
t UGACious, last ing but for a short time.
h U IRENA, Rottboll. In honour of G. Fuiren, a Danish
botanist. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat, Or. Cyperacece. A
curious species of grass, growing best in a boggy
soil, and increased by divisions.
umbellata . . . A petal . . 6, Grass. W. Ind. .1825
FuLCRA, scales and stipules.
FUI-GENT, bright, glittering, shining.
FULVOUS, tawny-yellow, or fox-coloured.
FUMI R T A , Linn. From fumus, smoke; alludine
t h e disagreeable smell of the plant. Our English
w-ord Fumitory, is derived from the French name
ot the genus Fumeferre. Linn 17, Or. 2, Nat. Or,
Fumariacece. F. capreolata and media are the only
two species worthy of extensive culture; they do
best sown under a hedge, to which they will attach
themselves and make a beaut i ful appearance. Thev
[ 136 1
F U M GAI
only require sowing in the open ground
7iyme: 1. F. capreolata.
capreolata . . Flesh
Burchêllïï
densifiôra .
Pink
mëdîa, 1 .
Flesh
mierântha .
Pink
snicâta . .
Flesh
•aillântïî
Pink
7, H. Cl,
4, H.-
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
A. Europe .
A. C. G. H,
A. Montpel.
A. Britain .
A. Spain .
A. S. Kiir. .
A. England
Syno-
181C
1824
1823
1714
officinalis, parviJÍOrá.
FUMITORY, see Fumaría.
FUMOSUS, strong-scented.
F U Ñ A R Í A , Fr om/¿m«, a rope j alluding to the
twisted formation of the frui t -stallcs. Linn. 24, Or.
5, Nat. Or. Mvsci. Minute species of moss, found
growing in tufts on rocks and cottage roofs, during
the winter and spring monú-is—hibernicá. himromStrica,
Mithlenbergii. '
FUNGOUS, having the consistence of a mushroom.
FUNICLE, a l i t t l e stalk, by which the seed is attached
to the placenta.
FÍ^KÍA. Named by Sprengel in honour of Henry
Í t ^ ^ A ^ cr y p t o g ami s t . Linn. 6, Or. j",
Nat. Or. Liliacece. Ornamental species, requirin'^
a warm situation in the flower-garden, otherwise
they will not flower well; they are easily multiplied
by dividing the roots. Syiiomjmes: 1. Hemerocallis
lanceisfolia. 2. H. cosrulea. ' 3. H. Japónica.
Lilac . . 7, G. Her. P. Japan
Lilac . . 8, H. Her. P. Japan
Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Japan
Lilac . . fí, H. Hsr. P. Jrinan
White . . 8, H. Her. P. Japan
FURCATE, forked.
F U R C A T E ^ - D I V I D E D , divided in a furcat e manner.
t URCELLARIA, Lamoiir. From furcella, a little fork;
F U R
a l l u d i n g to the arrangement of the fronds. Linn.
24, Or. 7, Nat . Or. Algce. A small plant , most conspicuous
in spring and ^Lutumn—fastigiàta.
FuRCRffiA. Named by Ventenat, in honour of M
Fourcroy, a celebrated French chemist. Linn. 6,
Or. i, Nat. Or. Bromeliacere. A noble genus ot
plants, resembling in a great measure the genus
Agave, and requiring the same treatment. Svnonyme:
l.Agavefcetida.
austral IS
Cantüia. . .
ciibên.'.ïs . .
gigantea, 1
m il d ¿1 g as carien SIS
rígida . . .
Uiberôsâ . .
S. Her. P. N. Holl. .1811
S. Her. P. China . . 1818
Green . . S. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1739
Green . . 8, S. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1690
S. Her. P. Madagas. . 3 825
S. Her. P. 3. Amer. . 1768
8, S. Her. P. S. Amei; 1739
albo-marginâta
lanceaefOÎïà, 1 .
ovata, 2 . . .
Siel)oIdianá .
subcordatá, 3 .
1837
1829
1790
1830
1790
. Green . .
FURFUBACEOUS, scaly, mealy, sctirfj
FUR_ROWED, having longitudinal fur rows , or channcxs.
i- USANUS, Lmn. Derived from the French, fnsain, a
spindle tree; on account of the resemblance of the
leaves and fruit. Linn. 23, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Santalace(
s. A worthless, evergreen. Cape shrub, requiring
the same treatment as other Cape greenhouse
shrubs—compressus.
FUSARIUM, Link. From fusus, a spindle; alluding
to the shape of the sporules. Linn. 24, Or. 9, Nat!
Or Fungi. An extremely minute species, of a
pinkish colour, found chiefly in spring on dead
n e t t l e stems—irmfZ/ofrfes.
Fuscous, blackish-brown,
FusiDiuM, Fries. From fusus, a spindle ,• t h e sporidia
are spindle-shaped, ¿m«. 24, Or. 9, Nat . Or. Fu7iffi.
Whitish-coloured species, chiefly to be met with
in autumn on dead heech leaves—cdndidum, flavOvirSns,
grisHim.
tVsiFORM, spindle-shaped, like the root of a carrot.
FUSTIC-WOOD, see Madura tinctoriiU
G.
G^ R T N E R A , Lamarck. In honour of J . Gsertner
M.D., F.R.S. , a celebrated botanist. Linn. 10,
Or. 1, Nat . Or. Lcganiacew. These plants are ornamental,
and thrive well in a mixture of loam
and peat, and cuttings root readily in sandy soil,
under a glass, in heat. Synonymes: 1. Hivtase
obtusifoha. 2. H mandablota,
obtusifcira, 1 . Whitt. . S. Ev T;v. China . .1810
racemosá, 2 . . Wht. yel.. 4, S. Ev. Tw. E. Ind. . . I793
GAGÍÍA, Salisbury. In honour of Sir Thomas Ga^e,
a botanical amateur. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Ór.
Liliacece. The species of this genus are very hand •
some, and thrive well in any light soil, in the open
ground, and may be readily increased from offsets.
Synonymes: 1. Ornithogalum bohemicum. 2. 0.
luteum. 3. O. luteum, Gagealutea. 4. O. pijgmmum.
5. Anthericum serotinum. 6. 0. minimurn. arvense.
/ . O. striatum. 8. O. uiiijlorum.
bohémica, 1
Yellow
bracteolârïs, 2
Yellow
bulbïféra .
chlorântha .
Yellow
circinâta .
Yellow
fasciculârïs, 3
Yellow
glauca . .
YeUow
Liotardï
podOlïcà .
pusilla . .
pygméa, 4 .
serótina, 5 .
spathâcëa .
stellarïs, 6 .
SternbêrgS .
striâ-tà, 7 ..
sylvatïcà .
uniflora, 8 .
villósa . .
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
. Yellow
GAGNEBINA, Necker,
4, H. BI. P. Bohemia
4, H. BI. P. Europe .
5, H. BI. P. Tnuria .
4, H. BI. P. Siberia .
5, H. BI. P. Siberia .
4, H. BI. P. Britain .
4, H. BI. P. Switzerl.
5, H. B
5, H. BI
4, H. BI
P. S. Eur.
P. Podolia .
P. Bohemia
4, H. BI. P. Spain
6, H. BI. P. Wales
1825
I8I7
1829
1819
1789
1825
1825
1827
1825
1825
1759
1759
1826
1826
1781
1825
Linn.
5, H. BI. P. Germany
5, H. BÌ. P. Sweden
4, H. BI. P. Switzerl.
7, H. BI. P. Europe .
4, H. BI. P. Europe .
5, H. BI. P. Siberia .
4, H. BI. P. Caucasus
The meaning unknown. ±jittn.
•10, Or . 1, Nat . Or. Legurninosce. Very ornamental
evergreen shrubs, growing about six feet high,
i o r culture and propagation, see Mimosa. Synonymes:
Mimosa pterocarpa. 2. Acacia tamariscina.
axüláris, 1 . . . Yellow . S. Ev. S. Maurit. . . 1824
tamariscina, 2 . Yellow . S. Ev. S. Maurit. . . 1824
GAILLÂRDÏA. Named by Fougeroux, in honour of
[ 137 J
M. Gaillard de Marentonneau, an amateur botanist.
Linn. 19, Or. 3, Nat . Or. Composites. Orna.
mental species, particularly G. bicolor; they grow
well m any common soil, and increase readily by
aividing the roots. Synonymes: 1. VirgHia helodes.
G. bicolor Drummondii.
nnsiata . . . . Oraj.ge 8. H. Her. P. IV. Amer. . 1812
' • . 8. H. Her. P .N. Amer. . 1787
Kichaj-dsonl . .Orange . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1829
GALACTO, p. Browne. From gala, milk. G. pendula
yields a milky juice when cut or broken. Linn,
17, ur . 4, A at. Or. Leguminosce. These are very
Handsome plants, especially G. pendula, which is a
very desirable twiner. They require precisely the
same treatment in culture and propagation as Clitoria,
except that the North American species do
not require to be grown in heat. Synonymes: 1.
Ervum volubile. 2. Hedysarum voluUle
. Purple . 7, H. De. Tw. N. Amer. .
. Purple . 7, H. De. Tw. N. Amer. . 1827
. Red . . 7, S. Ev. Tw. jHmaica . 1794
. 7, S. Ev. Tw. Bourbon . 18*24
F r om gala, milk; alluding to
g l a b e l l a , 1
mollis, 2 .
péndula .
Sfrïcôa .
the white veins of the leaves. Lin7i. 19, Or . 3, Nat .
Or. Composite'. Very pretty annuals, which only
r e q u i re ¿0 be sown in the open border in spring.
Sy7ionyme: I. Cetitaurea Galactites.
australl. . . p^^ple . 7, H. A. N. Holl. . 1824
tomento.sa, 1 . . Purple . 7, H. A. S. Eur. . . 1738
GALACTO-DENDRON, Kunth. Derived from gala, milk,
and dendron, a tree. Linn. 23, Or. 2, Nat. Or
This is a lofty-gro.ving tree, attaining
t h e height of fifty feet; it may be grown in I
m i x t u r e ot peat and loam, and may probably be
increased by cuttings. ^
. . . . S. Ev. T. Caraccaa , 1829
GALANGALE, see Kc^mpfsrid.
GALANTHUS, /.MN. From gala, milk, and anthos, a
llower; alluding to the mi lk-whi t e iiowers. Linn,
b, Or. 1, Na t . Or. Aynaryllidacece. These are dwarf,
but very pretty species, of the simplest culture.
f