B E N B R R
shaped connectivum; from beios, an arrow, and
pet-one, a band, or strap. Lhin. 2, Or. 1, Nat Or.
Acantnacew, A pretty species, easily cultisated,
and multiplied by cuttin^^^,
oblongiiw . . . lía pur. . 9, S. Ev. S. Brt^zil . . 1832
Bkngai, quince, see AgiB ^nrtrmms,
^kninCasa, Savi. From Count Benincasa,an Italian
nobleman. Linn. 23, Or. 1, Nat, Or. Cucnrbitacecc.
A worthless specie.^ of the easiest culture. Sijnowj/
znc: 1. Cucurbita cerìfera—cerìfera 1.
Benjamin TREK, see Ficus lienjamlnCi,
Benjamin t r e e , see Lañrüs BSnzòtn.
Bf ì n t - g r a s s , see At^rGsfis.
BentiiàmI a , Lindi. In honour of George Bentham
secretary ot the London Horticultural Societv.
Linn. 4, Or. 1, Nat Or. Cornacece. A very handsome
plant, sufficient) v hardy to bear our severest
winters, if guarded from the cold cuttinir winds,
and unusually sharp frosts, by a mat. The flowers,
whicli appear in profusion during? summer, are
succeeded by an abundance of larice, A'lobular,
r e d d i s h - y e l l o w , eatable fruit, of an insipid thouL-h
not unp ea.<ant taste. It succeeds best in rommon
garden loamy soil, and is easily increased bv seeds
or layers. The best situation for it is a
south wall, where it jr^ows freely, and looks well.
fragiférü . . . Ysh. reil . 8, 11. Ev. S. E. Ind.,. . 1835
BeràrdT a , Viììars. Named after Mr. Berard, a
botanist oi Grenoble. Limi 19, Or. 1, Nat Or
Composiia;. A pretty species, of very easy' culture.
Si/iionyrnes : 1. Brunia paleacea. 2. B. nhvlieo
leles» '
pali.HCéri, 1 . . , White » . 7, a » . S. C. G. H. . irqi
phyhcnidGs, 3 . .White. . 7, G. Ev. s. C. G. H. .lüús
Berb2 rTs , Linn, FromberbeiTS, its name in Arabia.
Ltn7t 6, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Ber ber acece. This ífenus
comprises the common berberry, and the species
are very ornamental whilst growing plants. They
thrive m any common soil, but prefer one rather
l i g h t ; cuttinjis or layers take freely i n the open
ground. 1 he fruit makes an agreeable jelly, and,
as a medicine, is considered an agreeabl e and g-rateful
^ t r ingent acid. The bark of the root bofled is
used in Poland to dye yellow; the colour is best
when boiled m ley. Synonymes : i. Chitria, 2.
B E R BEÎS
Or. Composi^ The species are ornamental, and
succeed well in a mixture of loam and peat; cutg
l a Ï Ï ^ common soil, root readily under a
cCrnmi . .
cuiiefltfí ,
cyn.'iroidûs .
grandiilòrà .
iiu-Anií . .
obovâtil . .
pfdmâtâ
peciiiiâtil .
spinosissíiná
uniliôrà
. Yellow . 6» S. B. C. 0. H. . I774
. J e ow . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1812
. \elJow . 6", G. Hu^r. P. C. G. H. . 1789
• • H- . 1«12
. Yi-llow . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1739
. . 7, G. Ev. S. c. G. H. . 1794
• • C. G. fl. . 1800
. Yeihnv . 8. .G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1818
. . 7, q. Her. F. C. G. H. . 182]
. \elIow . 7, G. Ev. a. C. G.H. . Ibl5
Bkrgamot, see nmthà odorâtà.
Bkkgkhâ, Koniq. In compliment to C. J. Ber/rer, a
tiaceoe. Curious and interes tmg s secies, suc^eedingm
shandy loam and multiplied by layers or cuttings,
r h e leaves of B. Knmgii are stomachic and tonïc,
aud an miuMon of them toasted allays vomiting.
KoiI^T"^ • .ivonïgïi. . . . wiiita . . 66,, SS. .EEvV. .SS.. EW. .Iïnndd. . . . . 11882203
B o r g i a , In p. j. Bergius, M.D.
Linn. 10, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Elatinacea-, This ¿urious
l i t t l e species may be grown in sandy soil, and increai^
ed plentiful l y by seeds,
verticillfiti . . Wht.red. 6, H. A. Egypt . .1820
B r r i n g ë r ï a , Necker. From Beringer, supposed to be
a man's name. Linn. 14, Or. 1, Nat. Òr. Labiatoe.
Ornamental species; for culture, &c., see Marratnam.
Synonymes : Marrubium acetabulosum, 2.
M. afncanum. 3. M cinereum. 4. M. crispum. 5.
8« . M7.T. if Fsetulo-dictamnus. 7. M. orientale.
Vulgaris lb erica.
Yellow
YHlow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yollow
Yollow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Y<?Uow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
aristñtfl, i
asÎHtïcâ. .
buxifôlià .
cañad ê^isïs .
eratiëginil .
crôtlcû . .
serrati fôlïH
daûrîoà .
denlbûtà .
dû lois . .
emargin&tS
empetrifOlïiX
hetcrophvllà
ibèrïoâ, 2 .
ilicifôlia .
inènuïs . .
proviiiciâlïs
niscifôlîa .
sibïrlcil . .
sinensis. ,
tenuifôllà .
vulgûrïs
alba . .
aypërmà .
lùtéà . .
nigrH . .
piirpûrëà
violñcéií
Yellow
Yellow
Yol low
Yollüw
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
. 4, H. Ev. S. Nepal . .1820
• g- ' . 1823
F. Ev. S. Stra.ofMas. 1827
. 5, H. Dg. S. Canada . . I759
. H. De, S. Asia Minor 1829
. e, H. De. S. Candia . . I759
. 5, H. De. S. Candia . , 1759
. 5, H. De. S. Dauria . . 1818
. 5, H. Ev. S. Mexico . . 1833
. 3. H. Ev. S. Ma^ellnn . 1830
. H. Ev. S. Sib¿ri:i . .1790
. 5, F. Ev. S. Stra.ofMatr. 1^27
. 5, H. Ev. S. Magellan . IOO5
. 5, H. De. S. Iberia . . 1818
. 7, H. Ev. S. T. del Fue. I791
F. Ev. a Stra.ofMsff. 1827
. 6, H. De. S. France . ^ IS^l
• 5, G. Ev. S. B. Ayres . 1823
. 7> H. Dg. S. Siberia . .1790
4, H. De. S. China . .1815
H. Ev. S. Vera Cruz.. 1836'
4, H. De. S. England .
4, H. De. S. ^
4, H. De. S. Europe . ,
5, H. De. S. Europe . .
5, H. De. S. Europe . .
4, H. De. S. Europe . .
4, H. De. S.
5, F. Ev. S. Nepal
acotabiüósfl, 1
africânâ, 2
cinëréiS, 3 .
crîspii, 4 »
liirsütá, 5
hispânïcil, G
Drientâlis, 7
Purple . 7,.F. Ev. S. Candía . 1676
Purple . S, K. Her. P. C. 0. H. .1710
Pa. pur. . 7, H. Her. P. Spain . . 10-23
Pa. pur. , 7, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . I714
Pa. pur. . 6. H. Her. P.
Purple . 7, H. Her. P. Spain . . 1714
Purple . 7, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . 1821
7, F. Ev. P. Candia . 1596
Wallichiânâ 1820
B e r b e r r y , see Bërbëris.
B^CHiiMÏA, Nccker. In honour of M. Berchem a
French botanist. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Rham^
naceoe. ihe species succeed in sandy loam and
peat, and are interesting. They increase either
b y cuttings or seeds. To the roots of B. volubilis
a n t i s y p h i h t i c virtues are ascribed. Synonymes • 1
Rhamnus bneaius, CEnopUa lineata. 2. Rhamnus
volubilis, (Enoplia volubilis.
volubili., 2 . Green .' .- fGi ', GH.. EDve.. CTlw. . (CChairnoali na . .. 1I7R1044
BerckhkyX, Gr^nl/e. Dedicated to John Lefranc de
Berckhey, a Dutch botanist. Lin7i. 19, Or. 3, Nat.
Pseudo-dictfimnus, 0 Purple
B e r k e l S y a , Greville. In honour of the Rev. Mr,
B e r k e l v , an English cryptogamist. Linn, 24, Or.
interesting marine
BERAiUDA CEDAR, See JuntpMs hermtidiana.
BpRYA, Rox. In memory of Dr. Berry, who first
introduced it into Calcutta. Linn, isfOnTNat
woil ^^ ornamental tree, succeeding
well in rich loam and peat mixed ; cuttings planted
i n sandy soil root wel l under a glass. BTamomilla
furn^hes the fine light timber employed in making
boats of Madras, and called TrinamomlM
. . . . 7, S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1800
BERTJ-iROA, Dec. Named in compliment to C. J
Bertero, an e s teemed friend of Decandol le's. Linn.
15, Nat. Or. Cruc^feroi. The species are ornamental,
and of ea^y cultivation: sandy soil suits them, and
young plants are obtained either from seeds or
cuttings. Synonymts: U Farsetia incana. 2. Farsetia
mutabilis.
incanfl, 1 .
mutablli's, 2
obliqua .
BERTiioLLEriA, mirnb. and Bonp. In memor y of l 7 c
B e r t h n l l e t , a meritorious chemist . Li7in. \3 Or 1
White. . 7,H. B.Europe * . 1^40
Wht. pnk. 7, H. Her. P. LcvaSt . . 1802
White . . 7, F. Ev. S. Sicily . . 1823
ti.' Th i s tall ornamental tre^
y i e l d s the nuts known in shops under the name of
Brazuian nuts. It succeeds in sand, peat, and
t ^ l ^ d V s o l ^^ ^^ s a id, or
. . . . S. Ev. T. Para , , .
B e k z e l i a De d i c a t e d to the celebrated
chemist Berzelius. 5, Or. l, Nat. Or.
mace^ These pretty species delight in a mixture
of ra her sandy peat and loam. Cuttings" take
readily m sand under a glass. Synomjmes u
Bru7na abroianoides. 2. .B. W g - i W .
abrolanoidos, 1 . Wlnte . . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G H
lHnu,uiosa,2 . . White. . 7, G.Ey.t C.G.H. 17%
Be s l e rXa , Linn. Named in memory of Basi l Besler
[ 42 '
B E T B E T
an apothecary at Nuremberg. Linn. 14, Or. 2,
Nat. Or Gesjieriacece. A pretty and interi^sting
genus, delighting in very light rich soil. Sweet
says, cuttings strike freely by merely sticking
without protection, in the tan-bed. Syno-
1. B. bicolor.
theiinyme
coccínea .
Cl-istntit . .
dlchrüs,!
ííTandifoira
hirtëlla . .
incarnátá ,
lütoa . ,
melitiifôirii
nif)llïspulchGllâ
,
serrulAtfî
violàcei .
Yellow
Yellow
Red yel.
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Ornnge
Yellow
Yellow
Pur. vel.
Yellow
S. Ev. S. Guiana , 181Í)
6, S. Ev. Cl. W. Ind. . . 1739
7, s. Ev. S, Brazil . . . 1826
8, s. Ev. S. Brazil . . . 1823
7, s. Kv. S. Brazil . . , 1824
s. Her. p. Gu inna ,. 1820
7, s. Ev. s. Gui.<na . 1739
6, s. Ev. s. Guiana . 1739
s. Ev. Si a. Amer. . . 1823
8. S. Ev. s . Trini.lad . . mm
S. Ev. Cl. W. Ind. . . 1806
s. Ev. Cl. Guiana , . 1824
BirrX, Linn. From the Celtic bett, signifying red ;
alluding to the red colour of the roots. Linn. 5, Or.
2, Nat. Or. Chenopodiacea;. The beet-root is the
type of this genus; the uses of which are well
known; the species succeed wel l in common garden
soil, treated as other culinary roots. B. patula does
best kept in. the greenhouse. B. ciclu is used as
spinach; and in Germany and Switzerland the
midrib of the leaf is boiled, and eaten with gravy
or melted butter.
cTcia . . . .Green. . 8, H. B.Portugal . 1^70
crispa . , , . Green . . 8, H. B. S.Eur. . . 1800
macrorhizS * . Green . . 8, H. B. Cauchsus . 1820
maritlnicX . . . Green . . 8, H. B. Britain . .
trliryna . . . . White. . 7, H. Her. P. Iluntrary .
vulcarlsT . , . Green . , H. B. Europe . . 1540
l f . t 6 i i . . . . Gri-en • . 8, H. B. S. Eur. . .
rubr.t , . . Gveen . . 8, H. B. S. Eur. . ,
vlridls . . . Green . . 8, H. B. S. Eur. . .
Betlb; N'UT, s e e Piper Betle.
Bk t o n i c a , Linn. From beutonici its Celtic name.
Linn. 14, Or. l ,Na t . Or. Labiatce. These handsome
dwarf species are wel l adapted for ornament ing the
margins of flower-borders, or rock-work. They
grow in any common soil, and increase plentifully
from suckers. B. officinalis when fresh intoxicates,
and the dried leaves excite sneezing. ,
alopecñrüs
Red .
Her.
grandiflòra
Purple
Her.
IiirsûCrt .
Purple
Her.
incânà' .
Flesh .
Her.
macroùrà
Pa. red.
Her.
nivéa • .
Red .
Her.
officinfllïs
Purple
Her.
âlba- .
White .
Her.
ori en talis
Lt. pur.
Her.
strïcta .
Purple
Her.
7. H.
6, H.
6, H.
6, H.
7, H.
7, H.
8, H.
8, H.
6, H.
6,H.
S. E\ir. .
Siberia .
Italy • .
Italy • .
Europe .
CHIU'HSUS
Britain .
Britain .
Levant .
Denmark
1759
1800
1710
1759
1820
1820
1737
1502
B e t o n y , see Betónica-.
B ETON Y y s e e Teücrlümb eti}nic üm.
B é t u l a , Linn. From betuy its Celtic name. Linn.
21, Or. 4, Nat. Or. Betulacecs. This is a popular
genus, and best known by its common name, the
beech. The species are ior the most part loftyc
r o w i n g trees, and very ornamental. B. péndula
has a graceful and pleasing growth; the species
pumila and nana are dwarfer-growing kinds, hut
very pretty and interesting. They thrive in any
soil, and are commonly increased by grafting or
budding on the larger and more plentiful kinds, the
l a t t e r being raised from seed; the dwarfest species
are best when produced from layers. Synonyme:
1. Alnus vlrldis.
alba . . . . ,
dalecrirlïca . ,
macrocârpâ . .
verrucosa .
carpinifôlïa •
daûrïcà . . .
parvifûlïa .
excelsa . . .
fruticósa . .
lanuiôsa . .
lenta . . .
lûtéâ . , . .
nána . . . .
macrophyllà
strlctà . .
nïgrâ . . .
ovata, 1 . . .
papyracëa . .
péndula . . .
pAntïca . . .
popidifôita. .
[ 43 1
A petal
Apctnl
Apetal
A petal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetnl
Apelal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apelal
Apetal
Apetsd
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
4, H. De. T. Britain .
5, H. De. T. Europe .
6, H. De. T. Europe .
4, H. De. T. Britain .
7. H. E 7. S. N. Amer. 1759
7, H. De. T. Siberia . . 17B5
7, H. De. T. Siberia .
7, H. De. T. N. Amer. 1767
6, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1818
7, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1817
7, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1759
5, H. De. T. N. Amer.
5, H. De. S. N. Amer.
5, H. De. S. Swit7,erh 1819
6, H. De. s. Siberia .
7, H. De. T. N. Amer. 1736
6, H. De. S. Hungary . 1P20
6, H. De. T. N. Amer. . 1750
6, H. De. T. Britain .
5, H. Ev. S. Turkey .
7, H. Ev. T. N. Ainer. ! 1750
B I A BJO
pubcscens . . . Apetal . (% H. De. T. G.'rmanv .1812
pianlla . . . . Aperal . 5, H. De. S. N. Auiet. . 17i;2
rubra . . . . Apeul . 7, H. De. T. Cun.da . .
tristis . . . . Apetal . 5, H. De. T. Kamtsch. .
B i a l a t a , two--winged.
Biciips, having two heads.
Bi c o r n i s , two-horned.
B i d e n t a t e , having twin, or a double row of, teeth.
BienN' t a l , of the continuance of two years. A plant
is said to be biennial which t<ikes two years to
mature its fruit, and then dies.
BiKAitious, disposed in two rows.
B i f i d , opening with a cleft nearly divided in two.
BiDfiNs, so called from bis, twice, and densj a tooth;
a l l u d i n g to the seed. Lin7i. 19, Or. I, Nat. Or
Composiio!. These species are mostly uTiintcre.-ti
n g ; a f ew, however are worth cultivating. They
grow readily in common soil, and increase from
seeds, suckers, or divisions, according to their
Synonymes : 1. Coreopsis coro-
3. B. tripartita.
habits and duration.
nata. 2. B. odorata.
Berterirma, 1
bipinnata .
crithmifolia
cj'iiapifolia
grandiflOra, 2
lieteropliylla
leucantlut .
xuacmspêTma
odorâta . .
procGra . .
rëpêns, 3 .
sanibucifôlîa
AngustlJWiây buHâtà, cërnvH, chinênsîs-, connâta, chrysântkii,
Yellow . 5y.S. Her. P. Porto Rico 1787
Ydlow . 7, H. A. N. Amer.. imi7
Yellow . 6, G. Her. 1». Mexifo . 1824
Yellow . G. A. Cuba . . 1827
Yellow . 6, H. A. S.Amer, . 1800
Yellow . 8, G. Her. P. Mexico . 1803
White . 7, H. A. S. Aiuer. .
Y'-liow . 1;, H. A. Siberia . 1819
White . 6, H. A. Mexico . 1825
Yellow . 11, H. Her. P. Mexico 1822
Ye low . 7. H. De. c:r. Nepal . 1819
Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1801
chrysanthenioïdësf foliôsà, frondOsûy helianthuïdcs,
ki'rtëHâ, liixûrîâns, nudiflôra> parvijlôrâ,
pilôsâ, procnmbënsj nflëxà, striata, tripartïtà.
Bïi-'ôiiTs, Sprcngel. The name is compounded from
bis, double, or two, and foris, a ilap ; in,reference
to the shape of the fruit. .Linu. Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Umbelliferoe. Uninteresting species, of the simplest
culture. Synonymes: 1. Coriandrurn testiculaiuni.
2. C. testiculatum—radîcânè 1, tesliculatilm 2.
Bi i t k e n â r ï a , Lindley. So named from bis, twice, and
fra?num; in allusion to the double strap or fracnum
that cpnnects the pollen masses with their gland.
Linn. 20, Or, 1, Nat. Or. OrcJiidaceoe. A genus
of very pretty plants when in flower, especially
B. auranHaca,thQ flowers of which are deep orange
y e l l o w , mottled with deep brown spots. For culture
and p'ropa.aation see Maxillaria, to which the
genus is near akin. Synonyme : 1. Maxillaria atropurpurea,
atropurpuréa, 1. . Drk. pur. . S. Epi. Rio Jan. .1828
aiirantïâcà . . . Or. spot. . 9, S. Epi. Demerara .
Bïkrôns, two-faced.
B i g e l ô v ï a , see BorrSrïà.
Bigkminate, twin, each division bearing a pair of
leaflets.
B i g l a n u u l a r , having two or double glands.
BiglDî^iÏs, having two husks, or chaffy scales.
B1GNÔNÏÂ, Linn. In memory of Abbé Bignon, librarian
to Louis XIV. L/rm. 14, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Bignoniacece. The species are trees or shrubs, inhabitants
of hot climates. The leaves are opposite,
pinnate, ternate, or conjugate ; the flowers in
panicles, large and handsome, of various colours,
red, blue, yellow, or whi te, and eminently beautiful
The stove sorts grow freely in loam and
peat, and young cuttings root in sand under a handglass.
The species grow in any soil, but will not
liower wel l unless the sitûation be warm ; they are
increased hy cuttings of the roots, by layers, or by
young cuttings in a gentle heat, under a handglass
or frame. B. radicans is a w e l l -known in\ichadmired
species, capable of living in the open air
i n this country against a wall.—Loud. Ency. of
Plants. The young shoots of B. ChirGre are sometimes
manufactured into wicker-work. Synonymes :
1. Jacaranda alba. 2. B. heierophylla. 3. Jacaranda
echinata. 4 Tomentosa. 5. Millingtonia hortensis.
6. Incarvillea—tomentôsâ.
alba, i . .
aiiiucea. .
am (£11 a . .
apuréiKSïs .
oequinoctialïs
White. . S. Ev. CI. Guiana . . 1823
Yellow s. Ev. CI. W. Ind. . 171>0
Y'ellow s. Ev. T. E. Ind. , . 1828
Yellow s. E v.. {.'I. Orinoco . . 1824
Yellow . 6, S. Ev. CI, Guiana .. . 1768