¡
DEC DKL D E L D E N
Dkcumbknt, lyinj; down.
DiicuRiiENT, nmning- down.
Dkcursivk, havinji a tendency to run down.
Djscussatk, when two ri^ht lines cross each other
a t vi^ht an^'les, they are said to be decussate.
Dk r r i n o i a , R, Bronni. In memory of Dr. Charles
Deerin^i, an English botanical author. Liiau 6,
Or. 1, Nat . Or. A^naraniaceie. Curious but weakg
r o w i n g plants. The seed requires to be sown in
a hothouse, or hotbed, and when of sufficient size,
t h e plants may be potted off, and placed among the
stove plants.
celosiolcles . . . White . 9, S. B. E. Ind. . . 1804
Indlea . . . . White . 10, S. B. E. Ind. . . 1804
DKKi.iiXKi), turne d downwards.
DhkomatOs , deprived of leaves.
DEORAPfits, Trillins. Derived from rfis, twice, and
¿jrrtp/iu, to m a r k . Linn. 3, Or . 2, N a t . Or. Gramhiea',
W o r t h l e s s species of grass, g rowin g in any common
soil, and increased by divisions at the roots. Sylumy^
nes: 1. Phalaris arundinacea, 2 Arundo colorata—
americdnd 1, aritndlndcSd 2, varieffdtd,
Dr n i s c e n t , gaping; an expression applied to the
mode in which the anthers or the frui t burst open,
and discharge thei r contents.
DKLBSsERiX, Lamour. In honour of M. Benjamin
D e l e s s e r t , a famous F rench botanical patron. Linn.
24, Or. 7, Nat. Or. Algiff, Beautiful species, of
mostly deep green Alf^w, found in the ocean, and on
t h e sea-shore—aldid, A. angusil.tsimdt A dilatdtd,
Bonnemaisfim y ^landulOsdy hypo^iOssnm, iacerdtd,
ocelfdtdf Plocdmiam, punctdtd, ruscifulldysanguhiSdy
einuOsd.
Dri.ima, Lhnu From delimoy to file, or shave o£F;
t h e leaves are used for polishing. lAnn. 13, Or . 1,
N a t . Or. Dilleniaceas. Very fine climbing plants,
g r o w i n g best in loam, peat, and sand mixed;
r i p e n e d cuttings root in sand, under-a glass, in
l i e a t .
nltldil . . . . S. Er. CI. Trinidad . 1830
sarmentosil, 1 . . Yellow . S. Kv. CI. Ceyloa . . 1820
Drmquescbnt, mel t ing away upon exposure to air.
Dei-phimum, Linn* From delphin, a dolphin; in ref
e r e n c e to the supposed resemblance ii\ the nectary
of the plant to the imaginar y figures of the dolphin.
Linn, 13, Or. 3, Nat . Or. Itannnculacea:. All the
species of Larkspur are showy, and valuable as
b o r d e r flowers, especially D. Ajacis and ConsoHda,
boih of which are universally grown' among the
b o r d e r annuals. The herbaceous and perennial
k i n d s are inci*eased by divisions, or seeds, and the
a n n u a l and biennial Idnds merely require sowing
in the open border, whe r e they will flower and seed
f r e e l y . D. Consolida is regarded as a simpl e astring
e n t . Synompnes: 1. D. tridactylon. 2. D. hirsutiim.
3. D
atnbigumn.
AconiU . . .
Ajfieis . . .
flor6-pl6iiO .
albifloriim . .
alpliulm • .
altAicfim . •
amblgiium . .
ammniim . •
HZiir6um . •
BariowH . .
cardiop^taifim .
cheilaiuliuni •
multiplex •
chinens^ • .
ConsiMlda . .
flOr6-pl5«0 .
cuneStum . .
dasycarpum .
dictyocarpum .
elAtiim . . .
gl^gana . .
flor6-pl6r6 .
exHlirUum, 1 .
fts5;um . . .
flexuOsum • .
grHndiflorum •
album . .
flori-plenO .
pfillidiim .
hybrldnm, 2 •
intennedlum •
cocr>ilv8cSus.
l&x\im . .
intermedium. 4. D. junceum. 5. D.
Purple . 6, H. A. Levant . . 1801
Piuk . . 6, H. A. Switzerl. . 1573
Vflrieij. . H. A. Europe . . 1573
White . 7» H. Her. P. Armenia . 1823
Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. Hungary 1816
Blue 7, H. Her. P. Alt«ia . 1829
B'M^ . . 6, H. A. Barbary . 1759
Pa. olue . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1818
Lgt. blue 7, H. Her. P. Carolina . 1805
Dk. blue . 8, H. Her. P. Eng. hyb.
Blue . . H, A. Pyrenees * 1818
Dl<, blue . 5, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1819
Az. blue 7, H. H or. P.
Bhie . . 7» H. Her. P. China . . 1818
Blue . . 4, H. A England
Varieg. . 6. H. A' England
Blue . . 6, H. Her. P.' Siberia . ! 181.6
Bh.e . . 7, H. Her. P. Caucasus . 1819
Bine . . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1817
Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. Sibt'ria . . 1597
Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer.
Blue . . 7» H. Her. P. N. Amer. 1741
Blue . . . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1758
Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Hungary . 181.6
Blue . , , 5. H. Her. P. Caucasus . 1820
Dli. blue . . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1816
White . . 7, H. Her. P. Gardens . 1816
Dk. blue. . 6,, H. Her. P.
Blue . , . 6, H. Her. P. Gardens . 1820
Blue . . . 7, H. Her. P. Silwria . . 17Ü4
Blue . . . 8, H. He». P. Silesia , 1710
L t blue , . 7», H. Her. , P. . 1836
Blue . . . 6,, H. Her. P.
leptostàchyûm 3 Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Pyrenees .
pílllTdüm . . Blue . . rf 1830
/> H. Hor. P. pilosissbnüm . Blue . . 7, H, iier. P. Siberia. .
ranunculifôliûm Blue . . 7. H. Her. P. Pyrenees .
snpplurinûm .
laxinón'im . • .
Blue . . H Her. P.
Blue . . 7, H, Her. P. Siberia .
Meiiziôsu . • . Bhie . . 7, H. Tu. P. N. Amer. ,. 1826
mesoleücñra • . Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. , 1822
:tu)ntânûni . • • Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. Switzerl. ,. 1819
bracieùsûm • » Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . .. IHIG
ot'hruloùcûm . • White . 6, H. Her. P. Iberia * . 3H23
Oliveriânûm • . Blue . . 6, H. A. S. Eur. . . Hi26
palmatïfîdûni • *
Blue . . 7. H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1824
glal'ëllnm . .
Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1817
penuUynûm . . Blue . . 7, H. Her, P. S. Eur. . .
peregrlnûm, 4 . . Blue . . 7, H. A. It^ilv . . 1629
p'icu'nn . . . . Li?t. blue 6. H. B. & Eur. . . 1816
pseudo-peremînûm , Red . . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1823
pul)é-SC¿MB, 5 . . Blue . . 8, H. A. Mediterr. . 1H16
punleéfim . . . I'urple . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 17H5
Requiëniî . « . Blue . . 7, H. B. Majorca . 1824
revolfltiim • • . P«. bine . 4, H. Her. P.
.speciôsûm . • . Blue . . 7, H. Her. P. Caucasus . 1816
spùriûm . . . . Blue . . 8, H. Hei. P. Siberia . . 1810
Stuph'sSsrïii • . , l.gt. blue 7, H. B. S. Eur. . . 1596
lenuissímüm . . , Purple . 8, H. A, , Greece . . 1835
tricôrnô. . . ., Blue . .. 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1806
irîstë . . . ., Blue . .. 7, H. Her. P. Dahuria . 1819
urceolatûm . .. Blue . .. 6, H. Her. P. . 1801
vehitînûm . . .. Blue . ,. 7., H. Her. Italy . . 1819
villôâûm • . 1. Blue . .. 7,, H., Her. P. CHUcasus . 1818
viraînéûm . . . . Blue . , • 8,, H. ,Her. ,P. N. Auier. . 1835
virgatfun . . ,. Blue . .. 6,, H. A. . Syria . . 1823
DîïLTX-r.KAvED, shaped l ike the Greek ^ ^
Df.t,toii>es, triangular.
DemâtÏûm, Persoon. From a diminutive of a
b u n d l e ; in reference to the mode of g r owt h . Linn.
24, Or . 9, Nat . Or. Ftm^i. An extremely minute
species of Fvnpy of a bhiish colour, found on the
stems of h e rbs in autumn—ariic^tldtu^n.
Demuixîent, having the property of softening anyt
h i n g .
DendrôbïOm, Srvartz. From dendrony a tree, and
bios, life; in the places of thei r n a tur a l growth, the
species are general l y found upon trees. Linn, 20,
Or. 1, N a t . Or. Orchidaceoe. No o rchidaceous plants
c o n t r i b u t e more to the gaiety of the stove, than the
species of this splendid genus. D. nobiU, chrysanihuniy
Gihsoniiy Jîmhriahnny densTjiommy and many
othecs, are equalled by few, and certainly not surpassed,
in the beaut y of their flowers, by any other
o i c h i d a c e o u s plants ; and if the fol lowing directions
b e attended to, they will be found very easy of
c u l t u r e :—All orchidaceous plant s require (to cultiv
a t e them successfully), a season of growth, a
season of rest, and a season for flowering; all of
w h i c h should coincide, as much as possible, with
t h e corresponding seasons of those part s of the globe
w h i c h they so profusel y inhabi t ; and the species ot
t h i s genus shoul d especially be subj e c t e d to a change
of treatment assimilating as much as possible to
t h a t before mentioned, without which, they will
n e v e r flower in perfection. In India, three seasons
only are known ; the hot, or d r y season, which
is sticceeded by the rainy season, and the cold, or
w i n t e r season. In the hot season, all, or the
g r e a t e r part, of the plants belonging to thi s genus
p r o d u c e their flowers ; in the rainy season, they
m a k e their shoots; and during the cold season,
t h e y h ave a per iod of repose. The different seasons
b e i n g so well known, it is very easy to imitât«
t h em in our hothouses, and by a t tending to these
simple rules, we should be enabled to flower the
species of this more abundantly than those of any
o t h e r orchidaceous genus, besides which, they
m i g h t be easily induced to flower in this country
a t any season of the year. D. chrysanUmm, Pierardiiy
and some others, grow well when fastened
s i n g l y on pieces of wood, and treated as is recomm
e n d e d under Bnrlin^toma ; but they all succeed
well when potted in ver y turfy peat, raised above
t h e pot, in the same way as is recommended in
p o t t i n g Stanhopeas. A strong moist heat is indispensable
in the g rowing season, when tliey may be
f r e q u e n t l y slightly syr inged over-head. They will
b e found to succeed best in a wa rme r part of the
house than the Stanhopeas require. They are prop
a g a t e d by detaching one or more of the stems
w h i l e in a dormant state, taking care not to injure
t h e roots, and pottii:g it carefully in turfy peat
soil, iind not much raised above the pot, which
L 102 1
D E - N D E N
m u s t be careful l y drained ; the pot should then be
p l u n g e d in ii gent l e bottom heat, wher e the plant
Wai speedily produce new shoots. Synonymes:
1. D, cucidlatam. 2. D. liusUliim,
Wilt. brn. 12, S. Epi. N.Holl
4, S. Kpi. I "•
D E N D E S
oemûlûra . .
aggregStüm . .
amplüm . . .
afireüin . . .
caenilèseCns. .
calamiíormé
calceolArííl . .
CHnaliculátüm .
câadïilùm . .
ehrysftuthfim
crunitínAtúm .
cüpréüm. . .
Dalliousiánum .
densiáórüm .
denúdiiiiH . .
fimbriatüm . .
formôsùui . .
Gibsônïl . . .
heterocárpüm .
insïgné . . •
JênkînsU .
Imgiioefôrniè
longiconiû .
maorÔstâchyûHi
mon il i formé
moschatûni .
muliioilulô .
rdbïlô . .
Pierardu,! .
pulchêllûra .
pygruâiûni, 2
ramôsûm.
rïgïdûm . .
secGndïim .
speciôsûm .
stupôsîini .
sulcátiim
teretifûliûm .
transpArëns
Yellow .
Stniw eld.
Yello>r .
Sky blue .
Or. pink .
! White .
, Yellow .
. White .
. Red buff .
. I'ur. tx)S9 .
. Or.tnge .
. WhU grn.
, Yellow .
. WluLe .
. Orange .
. Pa. yeL
. Yekh. grn.
. PUT pie
. White .
. Yellt.w .
. Blue . .
. Ro. buiF .
. White .
. Gn. vel. pk
. Whitish .
. Yellow .
Ret. puT. .
Yel. wht.
White .
Otange .
l-'urple .
Rose . .
S. Epi. Khooseea
S. Epi. Ce\lim .
4, S. Epi. Khooseea
S. Epi.
6, S. Epi. E. Tnd. .
S. Epi. N.Holl. .
4, S. Epi. Kliooseea
2, S. Epi. Nepal .
4, S. Epi. SumHÍra .
6, S. Epi. E. Ind. .
S. Epi. Brazil
C, S. Epi. Nepal
S. Epi. Kliooseea
5, S. Epi. Nepil .
ñ, S. Epi. Khooseea
(), S. Epi. Kliüóseea
S. Epi. Ivhoosyea
S. Ei)i. Khoo.seêa
S. Epi. Assam .
• S. Epi. N. á
5, S. Epi. Nep«l ; .
6, 8. Epi. Ceyloa .
4, S. Epi. Jiipan .
6, S. Epi. E. Ind. .
S. Epi. E. Ind. .
S. Epi. China
4. S. Epi. E. Ind.. .
4, S Epi. E- Ind. .
S. Epi. E. Iíkí. .
S. Epi. E. ind. .
S. Epi. N. tíoll. .
7, S. Epi. Malaoca .
1, S. Epi. N.HoIL .
5, S. Epi. Khooseea
4, S. Epi. Khooseea
7, S. Epi. N.rio.l. .
S.'Epi. N.'pal .
1823
1837
1837
1820
1H24
ld37
182U
1H23
1825
1837
1829
1»37
1H23
1837
1837
ms-7
1837
183/
1810
1828
lB2y
, 1824
, 1828
, 1837
! 1815
1824
1828
1B37
1H37
1823
D r n t i f r i c e , powder made to -scour the teeth.
Df.O!»stboent, having the power of removing obstruct
i o n s ; a term in medicine.
De p a u p e r a t e , impoverished, poor.
Dependent, hanging down.
Depressed, pressed downwards, low.
De p u r a t e d , purified, cleansed.
Desobnuens, growing downwards.
Deschampsia, Beauvois. In honour of M. Deschamps,
M . D . , a celebrated French botanist. Linn. 3, Ur.
2 Nat. Or. Gramine(fi- A genus ot grasses, whick
will grow in any common soil, and is increased by
divii^ions, oi- seeds. Synonymes: 1. Aira hoitmca.
2. A, ca'spiiosa. 3. A. laevigata, 4. A. mvntana, 5.
A. jialudo^a.
Apetal 6, Grass. Bottuia 181(3
Apetal
Apetal
Ai^etul
bottnica, 1 •
ciespitOsii .
vivipara. .
6, Grass. Britain
glome I'^til
(>, G'-a-s. tícotland
iasvigatil, 3 .
6, Grass. Scotland
alprnd, ambigfid, ca^spitOsd 2ydlscmryjnnceii, montand
4, midid, palndM 5. , j
DesmanthCts, Wilidenoiv. From desmey a bundle, and
anthus, a flower; the flowers are collected into
b u n d l e s , or spikes. Linn. 23, Or . 1, N a t . Or. Legumiriositi.
DenoromecSn, Bentkam. From dendren, a tree, and
mckon, a poppy; alluding to the shrubby habit and
a f f i n i t y of the plant . Linn. 13, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Pap
a v e r a c e a . This is rather a remarkable plant,
t h r i v i n g in aoy cK)«imoii g a r d e n soil, and increased
b y seeds.
rigidum . . . Yellow . 5, F. Ev. S. California . 1833
Deftsum, thick, tufted, bundled.
D e n t a h i a , Tournefort. From to o t h ; alinding
to the tooth-lik-e structure of the roots ; whence
t h e Engl ish name, Toothwort . Linn. 15, Nat . Or.
Crucijera, This is a genus of very" ornamental
p l a n t s , wel l wor thy of cul t ivat ion in every garden.
T h e y succeed best in a light, rich, sandy soil, m a
moist shady situation; they m a y b e multiplie<l by
d i v i s i o n s , or seeds^
bulhïférà .
Purple
4, H.
Tu. P.
England
digiiátjí . ' .
p . . pur.
5, H.
Tu. P.
SwitzerL
diphylla .
Wht. pui,
5, H.
Tu. P.
N. Ainer.
enneiiphyliü
Ph. yel.
5, H.
Tu. P.
Aiisiriii
glandulósá .
i.gt. pur.
5, H.
Tu. P.
Hurg^ry
Uciniáiü
White.
5, H.
Tu. P.
N. A nier.
mâxîimt
Pa. piir.
5, H.
Tu. P.
N. Am CM.
pinnnátñ
P«. pur.
5, H.
Tu. P.
Swítü-erl.
polyphylia.
Purple
5,. H.
Tu. P.
Huni;ary
quinqiieí<5líá
Purple
5, H.
Tu. P
Tain-ia .
tenuifôlïa .
I.tft. pur.
5, H.
Tu. P
S hería .
trifôlîà
White .
5, H.
Tu. P
Hungary
X656
1656
1815
IH-J2
1823
1083
1818
1820
1825
1824
Some of the species of this genus are
r a t h e r ornamental, while others are not wor t h cult
i v a t i n g . They like a mixture of peat and loam,
and young cuttings root freely in sand, under a
glass. The aquatic kinds require to be grown m
a r g e tubs, with live or six inches of soil in the
b o t t o m , and filled Up w i t h water . The tubs should
b e placed in a wa r m situation in the stove, where
t h e plants will gfow, and produce seeds, trom
w h i c h they ma y be increased. •
callisiaehys . . Redyi^L . 7, S. Ev. S. TenerifFe
l a c u s t r r s ^ . .whiui. . 7, S. Aq. P. S. Amer.
leptustSchys . .mUe . . 7, S. Ey. b. Guinea .
Htilctus . . . White . . 7, S. EV. S. W. Ind.
triqm-trus . . .White. . 7, S. Aq. P. E. Ind. .
cin^y>efis^ d{ffasiLSy divSrgSnSy jidtdnSy plSniis, piinctdtus,
virgdtfis.
Desmidium, Agardh, From desmosy abond ; on account
of the "parts cohering whe n in a sfati» of dissolution.
Linn. 2-4, Or . 7, Nat . Or. Alfa^. Two minute species
of green Alg(Ey found in summer m stiii
w a t e r s . Synonymei 1. Coiifcrva dissiliens—cylindrica
1, Swartzii. x. a a
DESMOcii^rrA, Decandolle. From desmos, a bond, and
c/miie, a h a i r ; in allusion to the coherence ot the
flowers. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Amarantaceoi.
T h i s is a genus of oraamental plants, requi r ing a
soil composed of a mixtur e of sandy loam and peat.
T h e v are variously increased by cuttings, seeds,
o r dividing the roots; the former root readily in
s a n d , in heat , under a glass. Synonymes: 1. Achyranthes
lappacea. 2. A. patula
1824
1818
1825
1800
1820
D e n t a t e , having the margin divided into incisions,
r e s e m b l i n g teeth. . ^ .u ^ ^
DENTATEi,-i!-cif-iATED, h aviHg the margi n toothed, and
t i p p e d wit h hairs.
De n t a t e i . v - s i n u a t e d , scolloped and toothed.
De n t e l i jC, Forst^r. From a diminutive ot den^, a
t o o t h ; each side of the segment s of the corolla is tnr -
n i s h e d wi t h a small tooth. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat . Or.
Cinckonacece. A small, creeping plant, the seeds ot
w h i c h require t o be sown on a hotbed m spring, and
w h e n of sufficient size, they may be planted out
i n t o the open border. Synonyme: 1. Oldenlandia
repens,
repens,! . . . White . . F. A. E. Ind. . . 1802
De n t i c u i . a t e , the m a r g i n s finely and slightly toothed-
DenticuLATELY-cimated, h aving the margi n so finely
t o o t h e d as to a p p e a r edged with hairs.
De n t i c u l a t i o n s , very small teeth.
De n t i f o r m , tooth-shaped.
[ 103 ]
Purple
Yellow
Pa. red
Yellow
White .
Grn. pur.
White .
atropurpûréa, 1
ÛHvGscêns ; .
globóhil . . .
n;icTánthá . .
piUûla, 2 . .
proBtratá . .
tomen tôsà . .
uncinatá . .
Desm5dï0m, Décandoîle
9, S. Ev. S. E. Ind.
8, G. A. E. Ind.
8, G. A. E. Ind.
7, G. A. E. Ind.
9, S. Her. P. E. Ind.
7, G. Ev. S. E. íad.
8, G. Ev. S.
E. Ind.
8, G. A
E. Ind.
1759
1823
1817
1820
1823
1793
1818
1820
F r om desmosy a bond ; alludi
n í T t o ' t h e stamens being joined. Linn. 17, Or . 4,
N a t . Or. Leguminúsce. A few species of this genus
a r e very handsome, while the rest have litlle or
n o beauty. A mixtur e of sandy loam and peat suits
t h e m , and young plants ma y be obtained from cuttinu
s planted in sand, under a glass, in heat , or by
seeds. D. diffusum is a valuable fodder plant.
Sxjnonymes: 1. Hedysarumgtutinosum. 2. H. apariñes.
' 3. H. adscendens. 4. H. canadense. . 5. H»
canescens. 6. B. capitatum,. 1. H. cuspidatum. 8.
H. gangeticum.. 9. H. gyran^. 10. H> latifohum.
11 H. maculatum. 12. H . nmlacophyllum. 13. i/.
marilandicum. H.rnumjlorum. H ohtiisum.
16. H. paniculatum» 17. H. canescens. 18. H. sa-^
eittatuni. 19. H. serotinum. 20. H. toynentosurrt. 21.
H^tovtuosum. 22. H. trigonum. 23. Ji. friflorum.
24. H. triquetrunu 25. i i . umbellaium. 2G. B viridijlorum.
acuminñtüm, 1 . Purple . 7, S. Her. B. N. Amer. . 1805
alátüm . . . . Purple . 7, S. B. E. Ind. . . 181/
augusUfóHúm. .Purple . 7, S. Ev. S. Mexico. . 1824