;
kl ¿ h- I
P I M P I N
rôséâ
spicritS
sylvestris
Red
White
Blush
6, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1800
6, G. Ev. S, N. Holl. . 1824
6, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1830
Pimenta, Lindley, Pimento is the Spanish name for
Indian-pepper. Linn. 12, Or. 1, Na t . Or. Myrtacea:.
This species forms in Jamaica a handsome tree,
growing thirty feet hi^^h, and producing' a truit
well known in this country under the name ot
Allspice. It deliirhts in a strong loamy soil, and
ripened cuttings will root in sand, under a glass,
in heat. Synonyme : 1. Myrtus pimenta.
vulgaris, 1 . . White. . 6, S. Ev. T. W. Ind. . 1723
P i m p e r n e l , see Aiiagallis. ^ .
Pimpinèlla, Z-i««. Alteredfrom ¿ipmnaie ; reterring
to the leaves being twice pinnate. Ltnn. 5, Or. 2,
Nat. Or. Umbelliferce. Worthless species, growing
best in a dry sandy soil, and increased only by
seed,' which ripen in abundance. Syiionymes ; 1.
Tragium Anisuiu. 2. T . aromatictim. 3. T. Broteri.
4. P. temds. 5. T. depressiim. 6. P. dissecta. 7.
P. me/iia. 8. T. peregrinum. 9. P. nigra. 10. T.
Columnai 11. T. villosum—P. Antsà ^ aromàtica 2,
arir^à,biibonotdSs 3, crHìcà A, depressa f>, Jlayà, intermSdià,
Intèà, magnUi M. dissSctà 6, M. orientahs
7, peregrina 8, rotundijolui, Saocìfràgà, S. nìgrà 9,
Traginm 1.0, villosa 11.
PiMPLRX), covered with minute pustules, resembling
pimples. . , „
PiNCKNÈÌA. Named by Michaux in honour ot Mr.
Pinckney, an American, now forgotten. Linn. 5,
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Cinchonacex. A handsome halihardy
tree, furnished with long downy leaves, and
dividing but little into branches. It grows best
planted against a south wall, with a little protection
in severe weather ; .sand and peat is the best
soil for it, and cuttings will root, if planted in sand,
under a glass.
pubc-ns . . . . Red . . 6, F. Ev. T. Georgia. . 178R
P i n k , see Piniis.
PiyE-AF-pLE, see Ananassa. ^ . n • *
P1NQUÌCÌJ1.A, Linn. From ptnguis, fat; in allusion to
the greasiness of the leaves. Linn. 2, Or. 1, Nat.
Or. Lentibulacem. Beautiful little plants, but difficult
to keep artificially. P. grandijlora will succeed
in common bog soil. The other species require
a shaded morass to come to any perfection. P.
vulgaris acts on cow's-milk the same as common
rennet. In Sweden and Norway the milk of the
Reindeer is poured on the leaves, and set aside tor
a day or so, when it acquires consistence and
tenacity, and then neither the whey nor the cream
will separate, forming a very grateful food.
«Ipìnii . . . .White. • 4, H. Her. P. Germany
^ - " 4, F . Her. P. N. Amer,
ed en till a .
grandiflora .
4,H. Her. P. Britain .
lusitaniea .
6, H. Her. P. Kritain .
lutea . .
6, F. Her. P. Girolina
vulgaris .
6, H. Her. P. Britain .
PiNGUis, fat, greasy.
P i n k , see Diantluis.
PiNNJi;, the leaflets of a pinnate leaf.
P i n n a t e ; when a leaf is divided into numerous small
leaflets, as the leaves of the ash. _
PiNNATELY-TERNATEy having three leaflets disposed m
a pinnate manner. . ^ r
PiNNATiFiD, when a leaf is divided into lobes from
Yellow
Blue .
, Lilac .
, Yellow
, Violet .
1794
1823
1816
the margin nearly to the mid-rib. , ,
PINNATIFIDLY-SINUATED, scolloped in a pinnatifad
manner.
P i n - p i l l a r , see OpUntiA curassavica,
PINUS, Linn. From pinos, a Greek word used by
Theophrastus to designate a pine-tre«; and some
authors derive it from the Celtic pin, or pyn, a
mountain or rock; alluding to the habitat of the
tree. Linn. 21, Or. 10, Nat. Or. Conifera. This
much-esteemed and well-known genus contains
some of the trees of most universal use in civilised
socicty, and forming a very important article of
commerce both in Europe and America. - Most, if
not all, of the species are highly deserving of culture,
being very ornamental and beaiitiful in every
stage of their growth. They will succeed on
almost any kind of soil, but to bring the timber to
its greatest state of perfection, a somewhat loamy
and a cool subsoil are requisite. Young plants
may be obtained by a variety of methods. All the
P I N P I N
species may be propagated by layers, by inarching
on nearly allied kinds, by herbaceous grafting;
many may also be increased by cuttings; but the
speediest way is by seed, and which process we |
shall briefly notice. In some of the species the
cones attain their full size the first year, but, in
most, not till the end of the second autumn. The
cones uf P. sylvestris and the like, open of themselves
shortly after being gathered from the tree,
and spread out in the sun; but the cones of P.
Pinaster, P. Pinea, and similar kinds, do not,
though treated in the same manner, open their
scales for several months. The seed should be
sown on finelv-prepared rather sandy soil, in
March or April. The seeds of the most common
kinds are always sown on beds, and after bein
gently beaten down, are slightly covered wit
light soil. The seeds of the rare kinds are sown in
pots filled with finely-prepared soil, and when up,
treated like other hardy seedlings. For a great
mass of other useful information relative to these
fine trees, indeed, for every thing that it is necessary
to know respecting them, we refer the reader
to Loudon's Arboretum et Fruticetum Byitannicum, a
work which ouglit to be in the hands of every lover
of hardy trees and shrubs.
Under Pinus, we have included the genera
Abies and Picea, of Don and other authors, believing
them to be so nearly akin as to render it unnecessary
to keep them generically distinct. We
have, however, in this genus departed a little
from the original plan of the work, by dividing it
into Sections, so that those who differ from us in
opinion, will have no difficulty in. recognising the
species of Abies and Picea of authors, every species
of those genera being retained alphabetically under
the respective Sections.
S e c t . i. Pinus, Linn. Derivation same as genus.
Synonymes: 1. P. palustris. 2. P. genuensis. 3. P.
o'ocarpa. 4. P . Pinaster Ascarina. 6. P . Lemoniana.
6. P. nova-zelandica. 7. P. echinatay P. uncinata.
8. P. rubra.
apulcënsïs . .
austialïs», 1
austriàcìi . .
Banksiänä . .
brütm . . .
californicä
canariënsïs. .
Cemhrä . . »
lielveticä
pvginoeâ . .
sibïâ-ïcà . -
Coullërï . r
Devoniänä *
exeêlsK . . -
Gerardiänä
halepënsïs . . .
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetiil
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
.
Apetal
. Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
,
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
ApeUl
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
. Apetal
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
.
ApeUl
.
Apetal
.
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
genuë"sïs, 2 .
marïtïmâ . .
mïnôr . . .
Hartwégïi . .
ïnôps . . . .
insîgnïs . . . .
Lambertiâna . .
Larlcïô . . . .
caramänicä . .
corsicänä . subvïrïdïs .
leiophylià . . Llaveánií . . longiföHä . . macrophyllä . mïtïs . . . .Montezíim» . monticöht . . occidentâlïs . Oeotë, 3 . . Palla siäuä . . pätülä . . . Pinâstër . . A ber don i oe, 4 .
chinênsïs . fol^ rariegâtïs Lemoniânâ, 5 marïtïmâ . Massoniânâ mïiiôr . . .
Depalënsïs . .
novä bollan dx-\
cä, 6 . . /
St. helenïca .
Pinea . . . .
H.
H.
6, H.
5, H.
H.
H,
F.
5, H.
6, H.
6, H.
5, H.
3, H.
Ev. T,
Ev. T.
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev.
Er.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev,
Ev,
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev,
Ev
Ev,
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
H.
H.
F.
6, H.
5, H.
5, H.
5, H.
5, H.
6, H.
H.
H.
, 5, H.
, 5, H.
, 6, H.
. 5, H.
F.
. H.
. F.
H.
. 5, H.
. H.
H.
F.
F.
. 5, H.
. H.
. 6, H.
. 5, H.
. 5, H.
. 5, H.
. 6, H.
. 5, H.
. 6, H.
. 5, H.
. 5. H.
Mexico .
N. Amer.
Austria
Huds. B.
Calabria
California
Canaries
Siberia .
Swifzerl.
Siberia .
Siberia .
California
Mexico .
Nepal .
E. Ind. .
Levant .
Geneva .
Mexico .
N. Amer.
Californ.
N. Amer.
Corsica .
S. Kur. .
Corsica .
Mexico .
Mexico .
Nepal .
Mexico .
N. Amer.
Mexico .
Californ.
S t Domin.
Mexico .
Siberia .
Mexico .
S.Eur. .
Nice
China .
Gardens
China
France
Nepal
5, H. Ev. T N. Holl.
5, H. Ev. T. St. Helena
6, H. Ev. T. S.Eur. .
[ 246 3
1B39
1730
1835
1785
1829
1815
1746
1819
1746
1832
1839
1823
168-3
1830
1839
1739
1833
1827
1814
1820
1814
3830
1801
1839
1739
1831
1838
1820
1826
1596
1825
1824
1824
1816
1816
1548
I
P I N P I P
amoricSná .
cretïcâ . .
fragllls . .
ponderósa . .
pseudoströbus .
pumillö. .
Fischerî. .
Müghüs, 7 .
nânà . . «
rubriflorä .
püngßns . .
pyrenâïc . .
resinöaä, 8 . .
rïgïda . . .
RusselMná .
Sabiniâuà . .
aerotïiià . .
sinensis.. . •
Ströbus .
älbä . .
breviföliä .
comprêssâ .
sylvestris . .
altâïcâ . .
fine venais .
aguenënsïs
horizon tälis
^nntermëdîâ .
monophyllü
rigënsîs .
scari ösä . .
tortuósa •
uncinati .
vulgaris . .
T¿édá . . .
alopecuroîdëiï
Teocôté. . .
timoriënsis. .
variabilis . .
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetid
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
5, H
5. H
5, H
H
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev. T
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
Ev.
, Kv.
, Ev.
. Ev.
. Ev.
. Ev.
. Ev.
. Ev.
. Ev
. Ev,
. Ev
. Ev
. Ev
. Ev
. Ev
. Ev
. Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
Ev
H.
5, H.
6, H.
5, H.
6, H.
5, H.
5, H.
5, H.
5, H.
5, H.
H.
3, H.
5, H.
F.
4, H.
. 5, H.
, 4, H.
. 4, H.
, 5, H.
H.
. 6, H.
. 5. H,
. 5, H.
. 5, H.
. 5, H,
. 5, H
. 5, H
. 6, H,
. 6, H
. 5, H
. 5, H
. 5, H
H
H
. 5, H
America
Crete .
S. Eur. .
N. Amer.
Mexico .
Europe .
Austria
Styria .
N. Amer.
Pyrenee
N. Amer.
N. Amer.
Mexico .
Californ.
N. Amer.
China .
E. Amer.
T.
T,
T.
T.
T
T
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
S.
T.
T.
T.
T.
,T.
,T.
,T.
,T.
. T.
.T,
. T.
. T,
. T,
. T,
. T,
. T
. T.
. T
. T
. T
. T
P I P P I S
Floetbeclc
Scotland
Geneva .
Hagiien
Scotland
Russia .
Livonia .
France .
Scotland
Scotland
N. Amer.
Mexico.
Timor .
, N. Amer.
1828
1839
1832
1804
1834
I750
1759
1839
1832
1713
1825
1705
1836
1820
1828
1820
1713
1826
1739
tings and suckers. The well-known pepper of the
shops is principally produced hy P, nigrinn. P.
Betle furnishes the Betle-leaf of the Southern
Asiatics, in which they indose a few slices of
the Areca-nut, and a littleishell lime; this they
chew to sweeten the breath, and to keep off the
pangs of hunger, and such is the immense consumption
of this luxury in the East, that it nearly forms
as extensive an article of commerce as that of
tobacco in the West.
S e c t . ii. Âbïès, Tourn. From abeo, to rise; in
allusion to the aspiring habit of growth of the tree,
or from apios, a pear-tree; the cones being like its
fruit ; Abies species of most authors. Synonymes : 1.
Abies excelsa. 2. A. alba. Z. A. canadensis. 4. A.
cephalonica. 5. A. Douglasii. 6. A. Jiienziesti. 7.
acutiföliüm .
adûncûm . .
Amälögü .
Betlö . . .
colubrínüm
decumanùm
discölör . .
geniculátüni .
gläbrüm . .
glaucëscëns .
hirsütüm . ,
hispïdOm . ,
lauriföliüm
löngüm .
macrophyllilm
marginâtùm
medium .
nigrum . .
nïtïdûm
peltätüm
racemösüm
reticulätüui
Siriböä . .
tomen tösüm
trioîcûm
tuberculatum
umbellätüm
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
. Apetal
Apetal
. Apetal
, Apetal
. Apetal
, Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
, Apetal
. Apetal
, Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetal
. Apetul
S. Ev. S. Peru .
S. Ev. S. Jamaica
7, S. Ev. S. Jamaica
S. Ev. S. E. Ind.
S. Ev. S. BraKÍl
8, S. Ev. S. Carthage
7, S. Ev. S
S. Ev.S
W. IN.
.. . Jamaiov
S. Ev. S. Campeachy
S. Ev. S. Peru .
S. Ev. S. W. Ind. ,
7, S. Ev. S. S. Amer,
7, S. Ev. S. W. Ind.
6, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. .
S. Ev. S. W. Ind.
S. Ev. S. S. Amer.
S. Ev. S. W. Ind.
S. Kv. Cl. E. Ind. .
5, S. Ev. S. Jnm.\iea
S. Ev. S.
S
S
S Ev.
8, S. Ev.
8, S. Ev. S.
8, S. Ev. S.
S. Ev.
W. Ind,
Campeachy
W. Ind.
E.Ind. .
W. Ind.
E. Ind.
S. Er. S. S, Amer.
6, S. Ev. S. W. Ind.
1823
1748
1769
1804
1820
1768
1821
1823
1768
1822
1793
1793
1768
1788
1800
1811
1820
1790
, 1793
1748
1768
. 1748
. 1768
. 1768
. 1818
. 1816
. 1748
A', nigra. 8. A. orientalis,
Smitkiana, A. Morinda»
9. A. rubra, 10. A
Abïês, 1 . . . Apetal . 4, H. Ev. T. N. Eur. . 1548
carpatïcâ . . Apetal . 4, H. Ev. T. Carp. M. .
ClanbrasiliSnä . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. S. Moira . .
Clanb. strîctâ . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. S. Florence CL
comnitinîs . . Apetal . 4, H. Ev. T. N. Eur. .
1548
fol. variegätls . Apetal . 4, H. Ev. T. N. hur. .
gîgântea. . . Apetaî . H. Ev. T.
monströsä . . Apetal . H. Ev. S.
nigrà . . . . Apetal . 4, H. Ev. T.
pëndûm . . . Apetal . H. Ev. T.
pygméëâ. . . Apetal . H. Ev. T.
tenuifôlïâ . . Apetal . H. Ev. S.
albä, 2 . . . . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. T. N. Amer. .
nânâ . . . . Apetal . 6, H. Ev. S.
canadensis» 3 . . Apetal . 6, H. Ev. T. N. Amer. .
cephalônïcâ, 4 . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. T; Cephalonia .
Douolâsri, 5 . . Apetal . 6, H. Ev. T. N. Amer. .
taxiföllä . .Apetal . 5, H.,Ev. T. N. Amer. .
Menziësïï, 6 . . Apetal . H. Ev. T. Californ. .
nigril, 7 . . . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. T. N. Amer. .
ovientâlïs, 8 . . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. T. Levant . .
rûbm, 9 . . . Apetal . 5, H. Ev. T. N. Amer. .
Smitliiänä, 10 . Apetal . H. Ev. T. Kamaon
1700
1736
1824
1826
1831
1700
1825
1755
1818
S e c t , ni. PîciÎA, D. Don. From pix, pitch ; the
tree producing abundance of resin—Picea and Ab^es
species of most authors. Synonymes : 1. Picea amabi-
Us. 2. P . balsamea, Abies balsamifera. 3. P . Fraseri,
A. Fraseri. 4. P. grandis, A. grandis. 5. P . nobilis,
A. nobilis. 6. P. pectinata, A. pectinata. 7. PPichta,
A. Pichta. 8. P. Pindrow. 9. P. Pinsapo.
10. P . Webbiana, Pinus spectabilis, A. Webbiana
amabllls, 1 . .
Apetal
H. Ev. T. N. Calif.
balsâraëil) 2
Apetal
5, H. Ev. T. N. Amer.
longiföHä
Apetfd
5, H. Ev. T.
Frasërï, 3 . ,
Apetal
5, H. Ev. T. Pennsylv.
grandis, 4 . ,
Apetal
5, H. Ev. T. N. Calif.
nöbllls, 5 . .
Apetal
H. Ev. T. N. Amer.
Picea, 6 .
Apetal
H. Er. T. Germany
Pichtá, 7 .
Apetal
H. Ev. T
Siberia
Rndröw, 8
Apetal
H. Ev. T
Kamaon
Pinsäpö, V .
Apetal
Webbiánñ, 10
Apetal
H. Ev. T. Spain
H. Ev. T. Nepal
1831
1696
1811
1831
1831
1603
1820
1837
1838
1822
PipisR, Linn. From pippul, a Bengalese name, or
pepto-t CO d i g e s t . Linn. 2, Or. 3, Nat . Or. Piperacew.
All the species of this interesting genus flourish in
a mixture of loam and peat, requiring but little
w a t e r ; they are multiplied with facility by cut-
[ 24?^ J
PiPEEiTUs, hot, pungent.
PiPEWORT, see EriocaiilGn.
PipTANTHUS, Sn^eet. From piptoy to fall, and anthos,
a flower; the flowers are very fugacious. Linn.
10, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Leguminoscei A very handsome
and ornamental shrub when in flower, and sufficiently
hardv to thrive in the open ground without
any protection; it grows well m a rich loamy soil,
and is increased by layers, or cuttings of the nearly
ripened wood, planted in sand, under a glass. Synonyme
: 1. Anagyris indica.
nepalensis, 1 . . YeUow . 5, H. De. S. Nepal . . 1821
PiPTATHERUM, Beauvois. From pipto, to fall, and
ather, an awn. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat . Or. Graminccs.
Curious species of grass, requiring the same treatment
as Milium. Synonymes: 1. Milium cxrulescens.
2. M. multlflorum, arundinaceum. 3. M. paradoxum,
Arachne virescens.
cecrulescens, 1 . . Apetal . . 6, Grass. Bavbary . . 1S19
muUiflortim, 2 . . Apetal . . 6, Grass», S. Eur. . . 1778
pai-adoxiim, 3 . . Apetal . . 6, Grass, France . . 1771
PiPTocLAiNA, Don. From pipto, to fall, and klaina, a
cloak; the calyx is deciduous. Linn. 5, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Ehretiacei^. The seeds of this annual
should be sown on a hotbed, and in May or June
the plants should be planted out in the open border.
Synonyme: 1. Helioiropium supinum.
supi'nfi, 1' . . . Yehwht. . 6, H. A. S.Eur. . . 1640
PiQUERiA, Cavanilles. After Andreas Piqueria, a
Spanish botanist. Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Compositie.
P. trinervia is a pretty herbaceous plant;
all the species are of easy culture, and are multiplied
by divisions,
trinervia . . . White . 7. H. Her. P. Mexico . . 1798
artemisioldesi ovCita, pilCsa.
PisciDiA, Linn. The leave?, bark, and twigs are
used'for the purpose of stupifying flsh; whence the
name from piscis, a fish, and cxdo, to kill. Linn.
16, Or. 6, Nat. Or. LeguminoscE. This genus, the
Jamaica Dogwood, consists of two ornamental
timber-trees, with spreading branches and pinnate
leaves. Sandy loam suits them best, and cuttings
may be rooted in sand, under a glass, in heat. Synonyme:
P. Erythrina,
carthaginensis, 1 . Dirty w . S. E v. T. Carthage .1690
Erythrlna . . . Dirty w . S. Ev. T. W. Ind. .1690
PisiFORME, formed like a pea.
PisSnia, Linn. In honour of M. Piso, an eminent
physician of Amsterdam. Linn. 7, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Nijctaginacece. Stove shrubs, of not much merit.