1
íüil
A R I
liaktAtä . • .
hïrtà , . .
Indica . . .
labiösä • . .
löugä • , .
mSxïmil . ,
odorfitlssïmi .
pâllïdîi . . .
paiìdurjfórmTs .
Pistolôcliïil. .
riufjëns . . .
rotûndâ. , ,
saccflíiX . . .
sagittÂtà . .
sempêrvirsns .
SerpentSrîà
Sîphô . . .
surinaraênsîs, 2
tomentósi . .
trifïdâ . . .
trilobâtà . .
A R N
7, . S. Ev. Cl. Cuba . . 1822
6, , G. , Her . P . Chio . . 1759
7, S. Ev, Cl. E. Ind. , . 1780
. 7 , S, Ev. Tu. Brazi l . , , 1821
7, H. De. Tr . S. Eur. , .1548
7, S. Ev, Cl. N. Spain , . 1759
7, s. Ev. CI. Jamaica . • 1737
. Purple
, Purple .
. Pur. grn.yl
, Purple
, Purple .
, Pt.rple .
AVht. pur.
Purple .
Pur. grn. yl.
])rk. pur. .
Piirpsli. red
Purple .
Purple
Drlv. pur. .
Yel. brn. .
Yellow
Purpie
Green . ,
Purple
H. Her. P. Italy . . , 1640
T S. Ev. Cl. Caraccas ., 1823 H. De. T r . S. Eur. .. 15'J7
7, S. Ev. Cl. Brazil. . . 1820
7, G. Her. . P. S. Eur, . . 1596
9, S. Ev. Tu. S i lhet . . , 1829
7, H. Her. P. N. Amer.. , 1819
6, G. Ev. Tr. Candía . 1727
7, H, De. Tr. N. Amer.. 1632
7, H. De. Cl. N. Amer,. 1763
S. Ev. Cl. Surinam . 1823
7, H, De. Cl. N. Amer. . 1799
S. De. Tu. Caraccas .
6, S. Ev. Cl. S, Amer. . 1775
ARN A R T
A r i s t o t è l ì a , WiUdenoru. In memory of the celebrated
Aristotle. Lhin. 11, Or. 1, Nat, Or. Philadelphaeece.
I his as a shrub is showy, but its flowers have little
beauty. In a warm situation it grows freely, in
common soil, and ripened cuttings soon take, as do
also layers. It produces a berry.
MaequX . . . . Wlit. grn. 5, H. Ev, S. Chile . . 1735
variegata . . Wht. grn. 5, F. E v. S. Gardens .
Armenìaca, TournefovL Named from the apricot
being originally from .'Irmm/fl. Linn. 12, Or. 1,
Nat. Or.^ Amygdaleas. A genus of valuable fruit
trees, as is at once apparent from its containing the
well-known apricot. The species all thrive well
in a rich loamy soil, and are best increased by
budding on kind free-growing plum stocks. A.
vulgaris, or common apricot, produces a round,
yellow, firmish-fleshed fruit, little less esteemed
than the peach or nectarine ; it is used fresh from
the tree at the dessert, and is also made into jellies,
preserves, &c. ; from the clanfied juice the Chinese
make lozenges, which, dissolved by water, yield a
grateful beverage ; the nut yields a kind of oil, and
the young shoots a fine golden colour to wool.
Sxjnonymes: 1. Primus hrigantiaca, 2. P.dasvcarpa,
3. P. sibmca. 4. P. armeniaca.
Ifili)
isao
1800
1788
1548
1548
1548
Armeria, Willdenorv. Armeria is the Latin name of
bweetwilliam. Linn. 5, Or. 5, Nat, Or. Piumbao-inace(
E. These plants though dwarf are handsome,
and well adapted for ornamenting rock-work; they
may also be grown in pots, in sandy, open, ridi
soil. A. vulgaris, or common thrift, is considered
next to box the most valuable for edging walks
Si/7ioiiyme : I. Siaiice armeria.
elacialïs
lielveticä, 1
liiuïgéra
montñná ,
scorpioîdes .
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Arnopöoön, Willdenorv.
1823
1819
1827
1731
1710
lamb.
brigantläcä, 1 . . Pink . . 3, H. De. s . S. Eur.
dasycärpä, 2 . . White , . 4, H. De. T,
ptsrsiciföllä . . Pink . . 4, H. De. T,
siblrïcâ, 3 . . . Pink . . 4, H. De. S, Siberia vulgaris, 4 . . . White . . 4, H. De. T. Levant
cordifülU . . White . , 3, H. De. T. Levant
ovaliföllä . . White. . 3, H. De. T. Levant
borders, &c
alliâcëâ. . ,
alpina . . .
arenârïâ . .
cephalütGs . .
denticulätä ,
dianthnîdês .
fasoieulâtâ . ,
lilrtä . . .
bùmïlïs , . .
iuniperiföliä .
lâtifôlïi. . .
littorâlïs . .
maritima, 1
moutänä > ,
pinifôlïa . .
plantagïnëa .
pûngëns . .
Bcorzonereefôlïâ
vulgaris. . .
. White
. Pt'rple
, Pink .
. Pink .
. Flesh .
. Pink .
, Purple
, Pink .
Pink .
Pink .
Lgt. red
Pink .
Red .
Pink .
Pink .
Red ,
Pink .
Scarlet
Red .
I
6, H. Her. P. Spain .
7, H.Her. P. Carinthia
0, H. Her. P. France .
6, H. Her. P. Europe .
6, H. Her. P. Naples .
6, H. Her. P. Europe .
7. G. Ev. S. Portugal
7, H. Her. P. N. Afnea
6, H. Her. P. S. Eur.
0,
7,
7,
7.1798
1000
181Ö
1810
1820
1817
1818
1740
H. Her. P. Sp;un .
H. Her. P. Alsarbia
H. Her. P. S. Eur. .
. .
H. Her. P. Britain . .
6. H. Her. P. Scotland .
6, H. Her. P. Portugal .
6, H.Her. P. S. Eur. . . 181R
6, H.Her. P. Spain . . 1818
6, H.Her. P. S.Eur. . . 1816
7, H.Her. P. Europe . .
A r m i l l a r i s , like a bracelet.
Arnica, Linnceits. Derived from arnahis, a lamb's
skin, because of the likeness of the lea ves. Linn. 19,
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Comyositce. The species are dwarf
and interesting. A. montana is a powerful sternutatory,
and has besides many and important medicinal
properties. Synonyms: I, A. montana.
aüsn . . . .Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Switzerl. .1819
eordátá . . . .Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Switzerl. .1819
corsícü . . . . Yellow . 7, H. Her, P. Corsica . . 18-24
Doroarcum . . Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Austria . 1816
7, H. Her. P. Switzerl.
7, H. Her.P. Switzerl.
7, H. Her. P. Italy .
7, H. Her. P. Europe .
7, H. Her. P. Austria
,Ta k e n from arnos,
and pogon, beard ; in allusion to the bearded seeds.
Lrnn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Compositce. These are
pretty flowering plants, and easily cultivated; the
seed merely requires sowing in the border, and
treating as other annuals. Synonymes : 1. Vrospermum
capense. 2. V. Dalechâmpîï.'
âsper . . , Yellow . 7, H. A. Montpel. . 1774
capen.is. 1 . . Yellow • 7, H. B. C.-G. H. . 1818
Dalechampïi, 2 Lgt. yel. . 7, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . 1739
pieroidGs^ . . .Yellow . 7. H. A.S.Eur. .1683
A r r a c a c i i a , Bancroft. The name given to the plant
by the Spaniards in South America. Linn. 5, Or. 2,
Nat. Or. Vmbelliferoe. Perennial South American
herbs ot a salubrious quality, extensively cultivated
ior culinary purposes, and propagated by planting
pieces ot the root, in each of which is an eye or
shoot. Synonyme: 1. Conium arracacha,
esculëntîi, 1 . . Brush . . 7, S. Tu, P. Santa Fe. . 1823
Aroma, the spicy quality of a thing.
Arriienathërûm , Palisoi de Beauvols. Derived from
arrhen, male, and ather, a point ; the male spikes
being furnished with awns. Linn. 23, Or. 1, Nat.
Or. Gramineoe. Species of grass, of great use,
though but little beauty ; cultivation easy» Synonymes:
I. Holcus avenaceiis.Avenaelatior. 2. Holcu^
bulbosus, Avënà bulbosa.
avenâcéfjm, ]
m Ù tic ti m
bulbösüm, 2
. Apetal . . 6, Grass. Britain . .
. Apetal . . 7, Grass. Scotland .
. Apetal . . 7, Grass. Germany .
Arrosus, gnawed, bitten.
Arrow-grass, see Triglochin.
Arrow-head, see Sagittaria.
Arrow-root, see Maranta.
A r x a b ò t r ì s , ii. Brown. This name was suggested
by the curious tendril belonging to the peduncle,
by which the growing fruit is suspended on the
nearest support; from aratao, to suspend, hotrySf
grapes. ^ Linn. 13, Or. 6, Nat. Or. AnonacecB. This
species is very ornamental, growing about six feet
hi^h, and is easily cultivated in sandy loam, mixed
With a little peat, and propagated from ripened
cuttings in sand, under a glass. Synoayme: 1. A.
hex apetala,
odoratisslma . . Brown . 7, S. Ev. S. Cliina . 1758
ArtanSma, ]>. Bon. A tooth is borne on one side of
each of the longer filaments; whence the name,
from arataoy to support, nema, a filament. Linn,
14, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Scrophulariacece. This is an
interesting plant, with the aspect of a mimulus,
producing large showy blossoms. It has been
treated in the greenhouse, but will succeed in the
open border in summer, in loam and peat; seeds.
Synonyme: 1. Torenia scabra,
fimbriatùm . . Pa. blue . 8, G. Ev. S, Moreton B. 1830
A r t è r i a , Linn(£us. In honour of Peter Artedi, a
Swedish naturalist, one of the first who attempted
to divide umbelliferous plants into genera. Limi,
5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. UmbellifertE, An uninteresting
species, of the simplest culture—i^wamaia.
A^rBMisiA, Linna2U3. Artemis, one of the names of
Diana; the plant is said to have been named after
Diana, on account of its being used in bringing on
precocious puberty. Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Compositce. Some species of this genus are pretty,
others merely ornamental, while some are wholly
uninteresting; their silvery leaves have a showy
effect in rock-work, for which places they are well
suited ; they grow in almost any soil, and are increased
readily from divisions, cuttings, and seeds.
A. chinensisf and some other species, yield the
moxa of China, a substance used as a cautery, by
burning it upon parts affected with gout and rheumatism.
In India A. indica is considered a powerful
deobstruent and antispasmodic; and the leaves
ot A. madei-aspatana are esteemed a valuable stomachic
medicine. Synonymes : 1. A. caucasica,
2. A. leucanthemifoUa. 3. J . nutans, cernua. 4. A,
riipestris. 5. A. nedon>sidi. 6. A. inodora. 7. A.
glacialis, Yupestris. 8. A. riipestris, 9. A. splendensc
[ 28 ]
A R T A R T
Abrötanüm . . Yel. grn. 8, H. De. S. Europe .1548
afrä White . 8, G. Ev. S.
alpïnâ, 1 . . . Yel. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Caucasus . 1804
arhorëscëns . . . 7, H. E v. S. Levant .1640
argûntéâ . . . Yel. grn. 6, G. Ev. S. Madeira . 1777
nûstrïâcâ . . . Brown . 9, H. Her. P. Austria . 1597
coerulëscêns . . Yellow . 9, H. Ev. S. England .
chinënsïs . . YeUow . 7, G. Her. P. China . . 1818
Dracünculäs . . Wht. gm. 7, H. Her. P. S.Eur. . 1548
frìgida . . . .Yel. gin. 8, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1826
fiircätä . . . . Yel. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1820
gallica . . . . Brown . 8, H. Her. P. Britain .
glacisHs . . . Yel. grn. 7, H. Her. P. SwitJ^erl. . 1739
glaûca . . . . Green . % H. Her. P. Siberia . 1806
groenlandïcà . . Yel. grn. 7. H. Her. P. Greenland 181')
helvética . . .Yed. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 1819
ìndica. . . .Yel. grn. 9, H. Her. P. E. Ind. .1796
Judaica. . . .Yellow . 8, F. E.-. S. . 1774
lactiflöra . . .Pa. wilt 11, G. E v. S. Nepaz . .1828
lednicênsis. . .Yellow. 7, H- S. Carpat. .1826
maritlmä . . . Brown . 7> H. Her. P. Britain
MarschaUiánií, 6 . Yellow . 7-H. Her. P. Caucas. .1816
Möxä . . . . YeUow . 10, G. E v. S. China . ,
Mutelllnä, 7 . .Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. Alp. Eur. 1815
nïvéà . . . .Green . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia .1815
norvegica, 8 . . YeUow . 7, H. Her. P. Norway .1818
orientali« . . . Yel. grn. 75 H. Her. P. Armenia . 1810
Pallasli . . . Yel. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1820
palmata , . . Grecai . 6, F . Ev. S. Siberia .
pectinätä . . .Brown . 6, H. A. Dauria . 1806
peduaculârïs, 9 . YoUow . 7» H. Her. P. Ciuicasus . 1818
pôntïca . . . .Yellow . 9, H. Her. P. Austria . 1570
potentillgefolïa . . 7, H. Her. P. Siberia .1818
ramosa . . . . G. Ev. S. Canaries . 1816
répêus . . . - Brown . 6, H. Her. Tr. Tartary .1805
rupêstris . . .Brown . 8, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1748
salina . . . .Wht. gm. 7, H- Her, P. Huïigary . 1823
Santönicä . . . Wht grn. 9, H. Ey. S. Siberia . 1596
saxâtîlïs . . . Brown . 7> H. Her. P. Hungary .
scopärlä . . . Wht. grn. 8, H. A. Hungary . 1796
sericöä . . . .White . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia . 1?96
spicätä . . . . Bro-wn . 6,H. Her. P. Switzerl, . 1790
taüncä . . . .Wht grn. 7, H. Her, P. Tauria .1818
tenuifolïâ . . . Yel. grn. 10, G. Ev. S. China. .1732
valentina . . Yel. grn, 7, F . Ev. S. Spain . . 1789
vallesiacá . . . Lgt. vel. 7, H. Her. P. Italy . . 1739
Widfènli . . .Yel. ^n. 7. H, Her. P. Switzerl. . 1819
Absinthiüm, albida, ambigua, anethiföliä, annua, armeniaca,
arragonënsîs, Balsamita, biennis, campitorata,
campestris, c. alpina, cana, canadensis, canëscèns,
caucasica, caudata, chamoemelifôHà, coarctâtâ,
crithmifôlîâ, desertOrüm 2, dracunculoïdës d, fasciculätä,
frägräns, gnaphalioïdës, herbäcöä, hirsuta, hispánica,
humïlîs 4, incìsa, inculta, inodörä 5, insipidä,
integriföliä, Ja-pOnîcà, laciniätä, longifOlzä, mexicana,
mollissimä, monogyna, montevidSnsis, neglëctâ,
nutans, odoratissìmà, palustris, parviflörä, paueißOrä,
pröcSrä, procfimbëns, serrata, Sieversianä^
subcanëscèns, tanacetifólìà, viridiföliä, vulgaris,
Arthöniä. The meaning unexplained. Linn, 24,
Or. 8, Nat. Or. Lichenes. Curious species, growing
from a quarter of a foot to three feet high, and
found chiefly on the bark of old trees.—Astroïdëa,
impolUä, lyneeä, obscñra, Swartziänä,
A r t h r î t ï c u s , gouty, swollen.
ARTimopoDHiM, R. Brown. Derived from arthron, a
joint, and pom, a foot ; the foot-stalks of the flowers
being jointed. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Liliaceoe,
Some species of this genus are very pretty, viz.
A. mimes 9.ndßmbriaium ; others are ornamental ;
and the whole succeed in sandy loam and peat, and
increase freely by divisions or seeds. Synonymes:
1. A. minus, 2. Anthericum pendulum,
cirrâtilm . . . White . . 6, G.Her. P. N. Zeal. • 1821
iimbriâtûn . . White . . 7, G.Her. P. N.Holl. . 1822
minus . . . . White . . 7, G.Her. P. N. Holl. . 1823
paniculátüm, 1 . Whi te. . 8, G. Bl. P, N, S. W. . 1000
pendulum, 2 . . White. . 7, G.Her. P. Teneriffa . 1816
Arthrostêmma, Pavón. From arthron, a joint, and
stemon, a stamen; their stamens or connectives
beingjointed. Linn. 8, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Melasiomaceoe.
A beautiful, plant, about two feet high, with palish
lilac-coloured flowers; it grows in loam, mixed
with a little peat, and increases from cuttings.
Synonyme: \. Rhexia versicolor.
versicolor, 1 . . Pink . . 8, S. Ev. S. Brazil . . 1825
nitidüm . . . Pa. liL . 7, G. Evi S. B. Ayres . 1830
Artichoke, see Cynara,
A r t Î c u l a t Ï h , j jo^nted, having joints.
A r t i c u l a t i o n s , the places where one thing is jointed
with another.
[ 29 ]
A R T A S A
A r t o c J r p u s , Linn. From arios, bread, and carpos,
f r u i t ; in allusion to the well-known name; and
uses of the bread-fruit. Linn. 21, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Urticaced'. To this genus belones the breads-fruit
tree of the South Sea Islands They are difficult to
cultivate in this country; a light rich loamy soil
is best adapted to them. Sweet says, " the y have
been generally treated too tenderly, and not allowed
sufficient air. They appear to be of the same
nature as the fig, to which they are nearly allied.
Large cuttings Toot freely in a pot of sand, plunged
under a hand-glass, in a moist heat, with all their
leaves entire; if the leaves are shortened, it is a
great chance if they succeed." For further particulars
respecting this very valuable genus, see
Loudon's Encyclopedia of Plants.
incíSfí . . . . Wilt grn. S. Ev. T. S. Sea Is. . 1793
nuciférS. . . Wht grn. S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 17&3
integrifüllá , . . Wht. grn, 6, S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1778
heterophyllá . Wht grn. S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1778
Arum, Linnccus. Formerly aron, supposed to be an
ancient Egyptian word. Linn. 21, Or. 9, Nat. Or.
Aracece. This genus contains some very handsome
species, while others are only useful on account of
their medicinal qualities; the flowers are generally
very disagreeable, hence they arenotfavourTtes;
they ail succeed in any common soil, and increase
with little trouble from ofl^sets
Tacca phalifera, 2. A.
atrö-rübtns
bulbiferüra. .
campanulätüiri;
Colocäsiii . .
crinitüm . .
divarieätüm .
Dracßntiüm .
üracüncülüs .
flagelliförmö .
gramlngüm .
hederäcgüm
indicüm . .
itallcüni . .
integriföliüm .
lingulatfim . .
marginätüra . «
macVorlüzön . . Green .
ininütiim . . . Purple
obtusilübüm . .
orientals . . .
orixense . . , Purple
palmätüm . . .
pedätüm . . .
pentaphyllüm. .
pxctüm . . . .
polyphyllüm . .
proboscldöümi . .
ramosüm . • .
ringen« . . . .
sagiltiföliüm , .
spirälö . . . . Brown
svrmci-im, 2 . ,
tenuiföllüm . . White.
ternätüm . . . Purple
trilobätüni . . . Purple
aiiriculätüm . Purple
tripliyllüin.. . . Brown
Brown
Purple
Purple
Green .
Brown.
Green .
Gjeen .
Brown
Brown
Purple
Brown .
Lgt yel.
Green .
zebrinüm . . Brown
venösüm • , , Purple
maculätüm.
Arundikäcea, reed-like.
Arunpinäria, Michaujc,
arundOf a reed. Linn
gramineum.
7, H. Her. P.
4, H. Her.
5, S. Her.
S. Tu.
4, F. Her.
7 , S . Tu.
6, H. Her,
7, H. Her.
5, S, Her.
6, H. Her.
6, Epiphv.
S. Ev.
6, H. Her.
6, S. Ev.
S. Tu.
7, S. Tu,
S. Her.
6, H. Her.
6, S. Tu.
H. Her.
S. Her.
Her.
Her.
Her.
Her.
Ev.
S.
H.
S.
7, H
6, S,
6, G. Her.
S. Her.
5, S. Her.
6, H. Her.
6, H, Her.
7, F . Her.
6, S. Tu.
6 , S . Tu.
Synonymes
N. Amer.
Bengal .
E. Ind. .
Levant .
Minorca
E. Ind. .
N, Amer.
S, Eur. .
Bengal .
W. Ind.
Ciiina .
Italy .
W. Ind.
E. Ind. .
E. Ind. .
E.Ind. .
Taiiria .
S. Amer.
S. Amer.
E. Ind. ,
Corsica .
S. Amer.
Apenn..
Japan
China
Egypt
8. Enr.
Japan
Ceylon
Ceylon
6. H. Her. P. N. Amer,
6, H, Her. P. N. Amer.
3, S. Her, P.
1758
1813
1817
1551
1777
1759
1759
1/Ì48
1819
11^23
1793
1824
1683
1825
1793
1820
1803
1802
1824
1820
1820
1825
1820
1818
1800
1818
1818
1810
1800
1824
1816
1820
1570
1774
1714
1714
1664
1664
1794
An alteration of the word
3, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Arundinace(
S, These plants are only iit for general collections
; their culture is simple, and young plants
are obtained fi-om seeds. Synonymes: Ludolphia
glaucSscSns, PanlcUni glnucescSns,
glauceseons, I . , Apetal . . Grass. E.Ind. . . 1818
macrosperma . . Apetal . . 6, Grass. N. Amer. . 1809
Arundo, Beauvois. An ancient name of doubtful
origin, supposed by some to be froln the Latin
arundo, a reed; and by a recent author to be from
the Celtic aru, water. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
G-ramine(S. These are mere weeds. A. Bonax,^
var. versicolor, is regarded by some on account oi
its striped leaves. A, Bonax is grown in .France
and Italy for fishing-rods, fence-wood, training
vines to, "&c.
DOnax . . . . Apetal . . 7, Grass. S. Eur. . . 1648
ver.stcolor. . . Apetal . . 7» Grass. S. Eur, . . 164b
festucac^d, tenax.
AsarOm, Linnoeus, From a, pr ivat ive, and saron,