Ü 1!Ì
¡i 51
i ill!
l i
S O L S O R S O R S P A
S O L O M O N ' S S EAL , see Convallaria,
SOLOIIÌNA, Acharius, From solosy solid, and r/nnosy
skin: in allusion to the firm texture of the ironds.
Linn. 24, Or. 8, Nat, Or. Lichenes. Leafy fronds,
found on the soil upon the tops of .mountains—i).
crOcéài saccàia.
S O M N I F K R U S , causing sleep. •
SoNCHUs, Linn. From sornphos, hollow; the stems
are hollow, ¿¿»n. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or, Compos^t^.
Plants of easy culture m any common soil, ihe
shrubby kinds are increased by cuttings, placed in
sand, under a glass; the herbaceous species by
divisions. The seeds of the annual and biennial
kinds only require to be sown in the open ground.
Synonyme: I. S. Jacquinii.
C, G. Ev. S. TeneriiFo
8, H. B. N. Amer.
8, H, Her. P. Caucasus
6, H. B. Spain .
7, H. Her. P. Siberia .
7, H. Her. P.
6, G. Ev. S. Madeira
6. G. Ev
6, H
1820
1812
1818
1729
1832
1823
1777
1821
1820
1816
1821
1816
1823
1748
1704
ftbbreviñtüs . . Yellow
aeuminátüs . • Yellow
caucilsícüs . , Yellow
choDdrilloídés . Yellow
dentaius . . • Yellow
divaricátíis . . Yellow
fruticOsüs, 1 . . Yellow
hyoserifOlIus . . Yellow
S. Madeira
l{\cérü8 . . . Yellow
A.
laevigñtüs . . . Yellow
G. Ev. S. Madeira
leucopbaevis . . Purple
7, H.
B. N. Amer.
lyrfitus . . . Yellow
G. Ev. S. Madeiriv
macroph5^11us . Blue .
7, H. Her. P. N. Amer.
marltlmiis . . Yellow
8, H. Her. P. S. Eur. .
pállídús . . . Yellow
8, H. Her. P. Canada .
palüstvís . . . Yellow
7, H. Her. P. England
pinnatxis . . . Yellow
G. Ev. S. Madeira
radicatüs . . . Yellow
7, G. Ev. S. Canaries
uliginosus . . Yellow
7, H. A. Caucasus
ArvSnsiSy dspSr, oleracHiS, racemúsü&y rúséüsytaraxacifólíüs,
tenSrrírmis. . a i •
SOPHORA, R. Bron>n. Alteredfrom sop/iera, the Arabic
name of a papilionaceous tree. Linn. 10, Or. 1, Nat.
Or. Leguminosis. S. chinensis and S. japónica are
two of the most handsome species, and well adapted
for growing singly on lawns. When young, they
SoRi, the patches of fructification on the back of the
fronds of ferns. ^ . , ^
SoRiNDEiA, Thcmars. Not explained. Linn, 23, Or.
2, Nat. Or. Burse^-acece. This shrub rnay be referred
to Bosrveilia for culture and propagation,
madagascariensis . Purple . S. Ev. S. Madagas. . 1828
S O R O C Í 5 P H A L O S , R, Brorvn. From sores, a heap, and
kephaUy a head ; in allusion to the clustered heads
of flowers. Linn. 4, Or. 1, Nat. Or. ProUacece,
This genus of ornamental shrubs ought to be m
every collection. For culture and propagation, see
Protea.
6, G. Ev. S. C, G. H
7 G. Ev. S. C. G. H
6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H
8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H
7> G. Ev. &
diversifôlïà
imbërbïs
imbricätä .
laTiätä . .
setaeëâ . .
spatalloïdés
tenuifôlïà .
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
_ -e.G. H.
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
1803
1806
1794
1790
1823
1803
18^02
1777
1780
1821
S O R R E L , see RUmBx Aceidsà.
SoRRBh-r-R-EE, see Andròmédà arbóréà,
SouLANGÌA, Brongniart. In honour of Souiange Bodin,
an eminent nurseryman near Paris. Linn. 5, Or.
1, Nat. Or. Rhamnacece, Interesting plants, which
may be referred to Phylica for ciilture and propagation.
Synonxjmes : ' \. Phylica arborea. 2. P.
axillaris. 3. P. buxifolia, 4. P. cordata, 5. P.
dioica. 6. P. myrtifolia. 1. P. olecsfoha. 8. P,
ly ainKi V vjAi • J -
require a flight protection in wmter. They are
sometimes increased by layers, but generally by
seeds. The stove and greenhouse^ kinds thrive
well in a light, loamy soil;weii <i I J A I L T , I W A I O ^ , and cutting" sL wiJ ll r1_o ot,
if planted in sand, under a glass. ^ T h e hardy herbaceous
kinds are increased by dividing the roots
in spring. Synonyme : 1. Astragalus car7iosus.
Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. I>ovant . • ^^^
8, H. De. T. China . . 1763
S. Ev. T. Guinea . . 1818
6, H. Her. P. Siberia . . 1785
6, H. Her. P. Siberia . .1817
S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1818
8, S. Ev. S. Havannah . 1823
1763
alopecuroîdës
chinënsïs .
crasslföliä .
flftvëscëns .
galegoîdés .
glaücä . ,
havanënsïs ,
japônïcà
White
White
Yellow
Yellow
Purple
Yellow
White
fôlïïs variegâtïs White
péndula
littorâlïs ,
macrocärpä
seeun di flora
serïcëâ, 1 .
tomentósi .
velutina
White
Yellow
Violet
White
, White
, Pink .
8, H. De. T. Japan
8, H. De. T. Japan .
8, H. De. T. Japan .
S. Ev. S. Brazil .
4, G. Ev. S. Chile .
S. Ev. S. N.Spain
6, H. Her. P. N. Amer,
S. Ev.T,
orientalis. 9
P. thymifolia
arbôrëû, 1 . .
axillaris, 2 . .
buxiföim, 3 .
cordata, 4 . .
dioîeS, 5 . .
myrlifôlùl, 6 .
oleoefôlïii, 7 .
orientâlïs, 8 .
paniculälä, 9 .
reclinata, 10 .
rübrä . . .
thymiföllä, 11
P.'paniculata. 10. P. reclinata, IL
White
White
White
Pur. yel.
G. Ev. S. Trist. d'Acun. 1817
1820
1822
1820
1820
1739
S0PHR0>'ÏTÏs, Lindley
_ . - India
6, F. Ev. S. Nepal
From sophrona, modest in
allusion to the pretty little flowers of the original
species. Linn, 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orcimlacea^. ^ S.
grandiflora is a very lovely plant, the blossom being
lai^e, internally of a uniform red colour, approaching
to orange, with darker red streaks ; the
other species are also well worthy of cultivation, tor
which, see Biirlingtonia. Synonymes : 1. Sophronia
cernua, 2, Cattleya coccinea,
cernus. 1 . . . Red . . . 6, s. Epi. J^n. . , 1827
grandifiorá, 2 . . Red . . . S. Epu Organ Mts. . 1837
violácea . . . . Violet . . 2, S. Epi.
SonGHÜBT, Persoon. From Sorghi, its Indian name.
Linn, 23, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Gramineoi. Annual plantas,
growing in any common soil; and increased by
?eeds. Synonymes: 1. Holcus avenaceiis, 2. S. ar-
5,0. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1812
7,G. EV. S. C. G. H. . . 1759
5, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . .1789
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1817
Drk.yel. G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . .1816
White . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1800
V/hite . 6,G. Ev. S. .1 8 2 0
White . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1817
White . 6,0. Ev. S. C. G. H. , . 1823
Red . . 12, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1827
White . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . . 1820
S O U R GOURD, see AdansSnM digitdta^
S O U R GUM, see Nyssd villOsa.^
S O U R S O P , see AnOnd muricatd*
S O U T H E R N W O O D , see Artemisia arb6rSd.
S O U T H SEA T E A , see Ilex vomitOrid,
SowERB^A, Smith. In honour of James Sowerby,
F . L . S . , an eminent botanical artist. Linn, 6,
Or 3, Nat. Or. Liliacece, This species succeeds
well in sandy loam and peat; and young plants
are readily obtained by divisions,
juncea . . . Pink . . 5, G. Her. P. N. S. W. . 1792
SowTHisTi.E, see SOnchus,
SOY, see Sqjd, ,
S P A D I X , a spike enveloped in a spatha.
S P A N A N T H E , Jacqnin, From spanosy rare, and anthos,
a flower; few flowers in the umbel. Linn. 5, Or.
2, Nat. Or. Urnbelliferos, A stove bi'ennial, not
worth growing. Synonyme, 1. Hydrocotyle Spananthe—
S. paniculdtd I.
S P A N I S H HROOM, see SpartiumjUncSum,
S P A N I S H CRES S , see Lepidium cardaminSs.
S P A N I S H ELM, see Cordid Geraschdnthus.
S P A N I S H N U T , see Morced Sisyrinchium.
S P A R A X I S , Ker. From sparasso, to tear; alluding to
the lacerated spathes. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Iridacecs. The species of this genus are very pretty
when in flower. For culture and propagation, see
Ixia, Si}nonyme: 3. Ixia anemonijlora
duini.
avenâcéûm, 1 . . Apetal
bícñlor . . . . Apetal
Caffrörüm, 2 . . Apetal
cërnûum . . • . Apetal
nigrum . . . . Apetal
rübens . • • . Apetal
saccharätüm . . Apetal
vulgârë . . . . Apetal
Elongätüm, halepSnsë.
7, Grass. C. G. H.
7, Grass. Persia
7, Grass. C. G. H.
7, Grass.
7, Grass. India .
7, Grass. Africa
7, Grass. India .
Grass. India .
1816
1731
1816
1810
1816
1817
1759
1596
anemoniflörä, 1
bloölör . . .
bulbîférâ . .
frägväns . •
grandiflora . .
Liliägö . .
striata .
lineata . •
pêniîulà »
stellârïs. .
trieölör . .
rôséô-âlbâ
White
Blue yel
Violet
Yello^r
Purple
White
Vari eg
6, G. Bl.
3, G. Bl.
5, G. Bl.
6, G. Bl.
4, G. Bl.
4, G. Bl.
4, G. Bl.
Wht. pk. 4, G. Bl
Drk. pk. . 6, F. Bl
purple
Orange
Pink .
sanguïnëô-purpûrëâ Red .
violâcëô-purpûréâ . Vi. pur.
versïcôlôr . . . . Pur. yel.
7, F. Bl.
5, G. Bl,
4, G. Bl,
4, G. Bl
4, ß. Bl
9, F. Bl
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
1825
1786
1758
1825
1758
1758
1758
1825
1836
1789
1811
1811
1811
1825
S P A R G A N I U M , Linn. From sparganon, a fillet; because
of the riband-like leaves. Linn. 21, Or. 3, Niit. Or.
TypUacem. The common Bur Reed, found in ditches
C 296 ]
S P A
SPA S P A S P H
and stagnant waters: increased by seeds-S. al
pïnûmy nMnSy ramúsüm, simplBx.
S P A R G A N O P H O R U S , Gcertner. From sparganon, a ftUet,
tn^%horeoy to bear ; shape of the seeds. I^mn. 19,
Or 1 Nat. Or. Compositoe. Tender annuals, not
worth cultivating~S. StruchlUmy Vailldntih verti-
S P A S ' N Ï X , Thunberg. In honour of Andrew Sparmann
M.D., a Swedish botanist, who accompanied
Captain Cook in his second voyage
world. Linn, 13, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Tihacece. This
beautiful early flowering shrub succeeds test m
Tmixture of loam and peat; and cuttings root
freely in sand, under a glass,
africsn/ . . .White . 5, G. Ev. T. C. G. H. .1790
S P A R R O W - W O R T , see Passerûià,
S P A R R O W - W O R T , see Erïcâ Passerinu.
I p ^ r t i r ^ l Í e t ; . From spartine, a rope made from
broom. Lin7i. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Gramtnece. Perennial
grasses, of very easy culture; and increased
by divisions and seeds
altemiflórá
Apetal . . 7. Grass. France .
cynosuroîdës
Apetid . . 8, Grass. N. Amer.
Çeniculàta.
Apetal . . 7, Grass. Java . .
jûncëâ .
Apetal . . 7, Grass. N. Amer.
patens
Apetal . . 7, Grass. N. Amer.
polystâchyS
Apetal . . 8, Grass. N. Amer.
pûmïlâ .
Apetal . . 8, Grass. N. Amer.
atrîctâ . . . .
Apetal . . 8, Grass. Britain
S P A R T Ï U M , LINN. Fvom spartan,
of the plant in early ages. Lmn, 16, Or. 6, Nat. Or
ùguJinosce. These plants, from being very ornamental
1819
1781
1822
1781
1781
1781
1826
made
when in flower, are well adapted for planti g
Tn shrubberies. They are usually mcrea.ed by
seeds, but cuttings of the young wood will root, it
planted under a glass. ^ ^ , TOO^ Î
ncutifülium . Viíe^ullcinnvv .• 8, H„ . De. S^. Ta urkey. . T18í43f6i
S P A T A L Â N T H U S , Sweet. Fvom spatalosy delicate, and
Lthosy a flower. Linn. 16, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Iridaceoe.
A beautiful-flowering Cape bulb, succeeding m
sandy loam and peat; and increased by offsets.
Svnonijme: 1. Trichonema monadelpha.
s p e c W l . . H. Bl. P. C.G.H. .1825
S P A T A L L A , Salisbury. From spa¿ú?c, wantonness.
Linn, 4, Or. 1, Naí. Or. Proteaceoe. This genus of
ornamental plants requires the same treatment as
that recommended for Serruria.
Purple . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 5, G. Ev. S. 0. G. H.
Purple . 6, 0. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 6. G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
Purple . 8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
inunoergu . . Purple . 5, G. Ev- S. 0. G. H.
SPATHA, a broad sheathing leaf, enclosing flowers
arranged on a spadix.. . .
S P A T H Ê L Ï A , J^mn. From svathey a palm-tree ; similarity
of habit. Linn. 5, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Amyrzdaceoe.
This tree succeeds best in a mixture of loam and
peat ; and ripened cuttings wül root in sand, under
a glass, in heat,
simpler. . . . Red . . S, Ev. T. Jamaica .1//8
S P A T H O D K A , Beauvois. From spathe, a spatha, in
reference to the form of the calyx. Linn. 14, Or. 2,
Nat. Or. Bignonîaceoe. This is a genus oí truly
splendid plants when in flower. For culture and
propagation, see Bignoiiia. Synonymes : 1. Bignonta
fraxinifoHa. 2. B. chelonoides. & B. spathacea. 4.
B. quadrilocularis. 5. B. uncata
Blue .
Rose .
Roae .
Blue .
Blue .
. Grn. wht.
6, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
7, H.
A. Russia .
A. Medit. .
A. England
A. Levant .
A. N. Amer.
A. Europe .
A. Iberia .
A.
A. France .
1836
1820
1686
1680
1596
bracteäta
brevifôlïâ .
caudätä .
incurva .
môllïs .
nîvëâ .
proliféra
ramulöstl
Thunbërgïî
1806
1823
1812
1789
1826
1806
1800
1787
1806
corymbosiî
fraxiniföliä, 1
loevïs . .
longifiörä, 2
pentändrä .
Rhëëdïï, 3 .
Roxbürghn, 4
uncätä, 5
Yellow S. Ev. T. Trinidad
S. Ev. Cl. Caraccas
Purple
Red
Yelsh.
Cream
, Pink
Yellow
1824
1822
1825
1816
S. Ev. P. Guinea
S. Ev. T. E. Ind.
6, S. Ev. T. India . .
S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1794
S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . .1820
. . . - - S. Ev. CI. Guiana . . 1804
S P A T H U L K A , Fries, From IPAI/IWZA, a spreading knife;
so named from the form of the plant. Linn. 24, Or.
9, Nat. Or. Fungi. This species is found in autumn
upon dead leaves—S.JiàmcZà.
S P A T U L A , a spatulate-shaped process.
f 297 1
S P A T U L A T E , like a spatula, a knife having the upper
end broadest.
S P E A R W O R T , see RanUnculùs Jlammé(u
S P E C K L I N Ì A , Lindley. Named after Rudolph Speckin,
the artist who drew the woodcuts in Fuchs s Historia
Plantarum. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchidacece.
Small plants, with dull green, purplespotted
flowers. For culture and propagation, see
Burlingtonia.
atropurpdréà . . Dk. pur. . S. Epi. Jamaica . .1834
cili/ris . . . .Grn. pur. . S. Epi. Mexico . .1836
obovata . . . .Pa. yel.. . S. Ept. Brazil . .
orbicularis . . . Purple . . S. Epi. Demerara . 1836
repens . . . . Grn. par. . S. Epi. Mexico . . 183-
S P E C U L A R I A , Heister. From the ancient name Speculum
Veneris. Linn, 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Campanulace^.
For culture and propagation refer to Prismatocarpus.
Synanymes: 1. Prismatocarpus falcatus.
2. P. hybridus. 3. P pentagvnius, 4. P.perfoliatus.
5. P. sf^xulum, 6. P, hirsutus
biflórà . .
falcate, 1 .
hybrids, 2 .
pcntagOnM, 3
perfoliàtà, 4
spéculiira, 5
calycini. . .
Libilincìi
pubescèns, 6 .
S P E E D W E L L , see VerMcd,
S P E L T , see Triticfim spelta.
S P E R G O L A , Linn. From spargo, to scatter ; because
it expels its seeds. Linn. 10, Or. 4, Nat. Or. lllecebracece.
None of these plants are worth cultivating,
except in botanical gardens. They grow in any
moist situation—S glabrd,lariclnd, nodósa, piUj^.ra,
saginoidès, subulaid. ^ , v. u
S P B R G U L A R I A , Persoon. Altered from ERGW/«, which
see for explanation. Linn. 10, Or. 4, ^at. Ur.
Caryophyllacem. Worthless plants, undeserving of
the'culturist's care—S. arvBnsiSy pdlUddypentandrd.
S P E R G U L A S T R U M , Michaux, From spergula, spurry,
and astrumy an affixed term, signifying like. Linn,
10, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Alsinacea;. This species is ot
no interest, except in botanical collections. ^ bandy
peat suits it, and young plants may be obtained by
dividing the roots or by seeds. Synonyme: 1.
Micropeialon lanuginosum.
lauuginosum, 1 . Wht pur. 6, H. Her. P. N. Anner. . 1821
S P E R M A C O C E , Dillenius, From sperma, a seed, and
akoke, a point; in allusion to the capsule being
crowned by the calycine points. Linn, 4, Ur. 1,
Nat. Or. Cinchonacece. The species of Spermacoce
are of the simplest culture. Any light soil suits
them; and cuttings of the shrubby and perennial
kinds root freely in the same kind of soil, m a little
heat. The annual species require the treatment
common to hardy and tender annuals; Synonymes :
1. S. Icevis. 2. S. strigosa.
glabra . . . .White . 7. H. A. N. Amer.
LceolatS . . . . 7, H. A. W. Ind.
RoxbùrehìT, 1 . . m i t e . 7, S- B. E. Ind. .
rubra, 2 . . . Rod . . 10, S. A. Mexico .
tenùìOr . . . . Pink . . 7, H. A. W. Ind.
Ascsndsnsy àspèrd, cornifòlid, diodlnd, Fischeriy hirta,
hispìddy Icèvìs, latifùlid, linifòlid, mucronata, radicansy
scdbrd, stylOsd, sujfruticOsà, villosa.
1823
1818
1818
1707
1792
S P E R M O D E R M , the outer covering of a seed.
S P E R M À X Y R U M , Labillardière. From spermay a seed;
and axyray an anchor; the umbilical funicle is
shaped'like an anchor. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Olacace(E. This species succeeds best in loam and
peat ; and cuttings will root in sand, under a glass.
Strictum . . .White. . G. Ev. S. N. Holl. .1820
S P E R M O E D I A , Fries, ^-vom sperma, a seed, ^nàanoideo,
to swell ; the d-i^ease.d' seeds. Linn. 24, Or. 9, Nat.
Or. Fungi. This" very minute species is found in
autumn on the glumes of grasses—S. cldvns.
S P H A C E L A T E , withered, or dead. , .
SPHAcifiLE, Bentham, From«p/iato, sage ; similarity.
Linn. 14, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Labiata. Free-flowenng
plants, of easy culture in any light rich soil. jJuttings
root readily in earth, under a glass. Synonyme:
1. Stachijs Salvice,
campanulata . . Pa. blue . 7, G. Ev. S. Chile . . 1795
Lìndléyi, 1 . . Violet . . 1, 0. Er. S. Chile . . 182o
SpHACELLABiA, Lyngbyc. From sphakelos, gangrene :