POI P O L
lit
í
POL POL
F r e n c h botanist and traveller in Barbary. Lhuu
If), Or. 6, Nat . Or. Le^ttminosce. A pretty species ;
for culture and propa^çation, see Pictetia. Synonymes:
1. Glycine punctata, Tuiyinia punctata,
scfindùns, 1 . . 3, S. Kv. Cl. Caraccaa . 1023
PoisON-BULB, see Brunsvigui toxiciirià*
I^OISON-BULB, see Crînilm asiatîcUm.
PoisoN-NUT, see StrjjchnOs Nux-vomica.
Poison-OAK, see Rhus Toxicodëndrbn.
PoïvRiÎA, Commerson, Named in compliment to N.
Poivre, intendant of the Mauritius, in ]76(J. Linn.
10, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Combretaceoe. This is a very
eleprant genus of plants, all well worthy of bein^
c u l t i v a t e d for ornamentinfi the pillars or back of
t h e stove. They grow best in a mixture of sandy
loam and peat, and most of them strike with
ease from young cuttings, planted in sand, under a
glass, in lieat. Synonymes: 1. Combretum AJ'zelii,
2. C. barbatwn, 3. C. purpureum, 4. C. comosum.
intermedium»
.4, S. Ev. CI. S.Leone . 1826
S. Ev. Clt Maranh. . 1820
. 9, S. Ev. CI. Madagas. .1818
S. Ev. CI. S. Leone . 1822
. 4, S. Ev. CI. E. Ind. . . 182()
. 4, S. Ev. CI. S. Leone . 1828
5. C. decandrum. 6. C.
AfzGin, 1 .
Scarlet
barbata, 2 .
White .
coccméiì, 3
Scarlet
í'omósíí, 4 .
Purple
det-ändrä, 5
While .
intermêdlà, 6
Scarlet
PoLANÎsÏA, Rajinesque. From poly y m a n y , and anisosy
u n e q u a l ; stamens numerous and unequal. Linn.
11, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Capparidacece. A genus of
p r e t t y plants, growing about a foot and ahal f high.
They require to be sown in a hotbed frame, and
t u r n e d out into a sheltered situation in the open
border, about the middle of May. Synonymes: 1.
Cleome cheladonii. 2. C. dodecandra. 3. C. dodecandra
canadensis, 4. C. ^tnigJandulosa. 5. C. viscosa,
6. C. icosandra»
Cheladônïï, 1 . . Rose .
dodecândrà, 2 . White .
gravéôlêns, 3 . . Pinksh.
uniglandulôsâ, 4 . Wlit. red
viseôsii, 5 . . . Yellow
icosândrà, 6 . Yellow
POLEMONÏÛM, Linn. From polemosy war ; Pliny says
t h i s rilani- o-ftinf^rl itis name from havinff caused a
6, H. A. E. Ind. . . 1792
6. H. A. E. Ind. . . 1795
6, H. A. Canada .
6, H. A. Mexico . ! 1823
6, H. A. E. Ind. . . 1730
6, H. A. Ceylon . . 1730
war
plant gained its having between two kings, each of whom claimed the
honour of having first discovered its vi r tues. Linn.
5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Poleynoniaceis. Ornamental
border plants. P. ccsruleum is one of long standing.
They are all of the easiest culture and propagation.
Synonyme
1. P . bursifoliuin.
ccerüléüm .
Blue . .
Britain
âlbûm .
White .
Britain
niaculâtûm
Striped .
Britain
pillférüm
Blue . .
variegàtûm
Blue . .
grâeïlô . .
Blue . ,
Ö, H. Her.
Dahiiria
hûmïlé . .
Blue . .
8, H. Her.
N. Amer.
lâctëûm .
White ,
5, H. Her.
mexieânûm, 1
Blue .
4, H. Her.
Mexico .
mosehätüm
Black
6, H. Her,
N. Amer.
pulchërrïmûm
Blue .
7, H. Her.
N. Aoier.
rëptâns . .
Li. blue
Riehardsônî
Pa. blue
sibïrïcQm .
White
\'ilîûSûm
Pa. blue
1818
1826
1829
1817
1827
1827
1758
1826
1800
1826
6, H. Her,
6, H. Her
6, H. Her
6, H. Her. P. N. Amer
6, H. Her. P. Britain
P.
P.
P.
P.
P,
P.
4, H. Her. Cr. N. Amer
9, H. Her. P. N. Amer
6, H. Her. P. Siberia .
8, H. Her. P. Siberia .
PoLiANTHEs, Linji. Fiom poly, many, and anthos, a
flower; abundance of flowers. Linn. 6, Or . 1, Nat .
Or. Liliacece, Highly odoriferous plants. P. tuberosa
is the well-known Tuberose. The bulbs are
imported annually, principally from Italy; they
flower well if planted in a m i x t u r e of sandy loam and
r o t t e n dung,or leaf-mould, w i t h amoderat e supply
of water ; they require to be brought forward in a
hotbed frame or pi t ; when in flower, they may be
placed in a greenhouse or warm room, where they
will remain a considerable time in blossom.
gracilis . . . .Pa. yel. . 8, S. Tw. P. Brazil . .1822
tuberosa . . . White . . 8, G. Tw. P. E. Ind. . 1629
flor^.pleno . . White . . 8, G. Tw. P.
P o l l e n , powder contained in the anthers, composed
of globules,and containing the fecundating fluid;
also the bloom of leaves.
PoLLicHiA, Linn» In honour of John Adam Pollich,
M.D., author of a History of the Plants of the
P a l a t i n a t e of the Rhine. Linn. 1, Or. 1, Na t . Or.
Illecebracece, An obscure plant, of the simplest
culture.
campestris . . . Apetal . 9, F. Her, P. C. G. H. 1780
Po l l inTa , Linn. After Cyrus Pollini, a professor of
botany at Verona. Linn. 23, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Gramineoe.
A genus of worthless grasses, growing in
any common soil, and increased by dividing the
root. Synonymes: Andropogon distachyos. 2. A.
striatns'. 3. 'a. undatus~P. distâchyà 1, striiitâ 2,
unddià 3.
POLVANDROUS, h aving more than twent y stamens inserted
in the receptacle.
PolyânctÏOm, Link. From poly, many, and angium,
a capsule; many piridiums. Linn. 24, Or. 9, Nat.
Or. Fungi. A species of Fu7igus, about the size of
a grain of sand, found on damp trunks of trees—
P . vifeUïnfim.
POLYBÔTRVA, Humboldt. From poly, many, and
botrys, a raceme; fertile division of frond. Linn.
24, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Pohipodiaceoe. Handsome species
of Fern, delighting m a hot humi d atmosphere,
and turfy peat soil; increased by division at the
root, or by seeds.
S. Her. P. . 1831
4, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1823
6, S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1823
F r om poly, many, and
acximinätä
cervina .
Brown
vivìpara
Brown
PoLYCÄKPöN, Loeffiing.
harpos, a fruitT nulnerous seeds. Linn. 3, Or. 3,
Nat. Or. Illecebraceoe, Worthless annuals, merely
r e q u i r i n g to be sown in the open border,
diphVlliim . . . White. . 6, H. A. Spain , . 1821
tetraphylhlm . . White. . 7, H. A. England .
Por.YCNËMÛM, Linn. From poly, many, and kneme,
a knee. Linn» 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Chenopodiacece.
The seeds of the different species only require
sowing in the open ground.
Apetal
arvënsë . . .
malacopl i5'll üm
opposi tiföllüm
recürvüm . .
sclerospêrmûm
sibïrïcûm . .
PoLYGALA, Linn
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
Apetal
F r o m
7> H. A. S. Eur. . . 1640
7, H. A. Caucasus . 1823
7, H. A. Siberia . . 1826
7, H. A. France . . 1820
7, H. A. Tauria . . 1818
7, H. A. Siberia . . 1826
^ J , m u c h , and gala, milk;
reputed'effects of the plant on cattle that feed upon
it. Linn. 17, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Polygalacece. All the
species of this genus are very showy. The greenhouse
kinds thrive well in one part turfy loam, and
t h r e e parts peat, with a quantity of sand mixed
in it. To obtain cuttings fit for planting, the
shoots should be topped, which will cause them to
push out numerous young ones; these should be
t a k e n o£F close whe n in a g rowing state, about three
inches long, planted in pots of sand under glass,
and placed in the propagating house; the glasses
mu s t be occasional Ly t a k e n off and wiped T h e
hardy perennial kinds thrive in a peat soil, and
increase freely by seeds or divisions of the roots.
T h e annual kinds require sowing in the open
ground, preferring a peat soil. The root of P.
Senega is diuret ic, expectorant, purgative, emetic,
and sudorific ; it has been used with success m
croup, and as a cure against the bite of venomous
reptiles. According to Barton, P . sanguinea possesses
similar qualities. Synonymes ; I. P . opposite
folia. 2. P. cordifolia»
viridescens, 5. P. st
amârâ . . . . Blue .
ambïgûa . . . Purpsh.
attenuate. . . Purple
austrïùca . . . Purple
borbonioefôlïa, 1 Purple
braeteolâtà . . Purple
brevifóllà. . .Red .
Burmânnï . . Purple
Chamsebtixiis . Yellow
coxdifòim .
Purple
cruciatá .
Red grn.
fastigiätii .
Red .
Gareinñ .
Purple
gen is told es
Purple
granai ni f öl lä
Li. yel.
incarnât^ .
Pink .
intermèdia
Purple
layceolätä
Purple
latiföliH, 2
Purple
ligulârïs .
Purple
liiiiföliä .
Purple
lüieä . .
Yellow
mäjör . .
Red .
monspeliäcä
Biue .
nivrtiföHä
Purple
grandiflòri, 3 Purple
. 3. P . grandijlora. 4. P.
uinea
6, H. Her. P. Europe . . 1775
6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1824
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1820
6, H. Her. P. Germany
G. Ev. S. C. G. H. 1790
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1713
i H. A. N. Amer. . 1824
6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1800
5, H. Ev. Tr. A u s t r i a . . 1658
5, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1791
6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739
6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1824
7. G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. 1823
6, H. Her .P. Carolina . 1824-
6, H. A . N. Amer. . 1812
6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H.
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. ! 1820
5, G. Ev. s. C. G. H. . 1820
6, G. Ev. s. C. G. H. . 1820
7, G. Ev. s. C. G. H. . 1823
6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739
7, H. Her . P . Austria . 1739
6, H. A. Méditer.
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. 1 1707
7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1818
[ 252 1
POL POL
nana, 4 . . . Grn. yel. .6,11. A. N. Amer. . 1815
Nummnlarrn .Purple . G. Er. S. C. G. H. .1812
opnositifOlia . . Purple . 6, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1790
maiOr . . . Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. .
paniculSta . .Pa. pur. . 7. S. A, S. Amer. .1823
paucifOim . . Purple . 6, H.-Her. P. N. Amer. . 1812
pinifOIin . . . Purple . 7, O. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1823
purpurea, 5 . . Purple . 6, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739
rubslia . . .Pa. red . 6, H. Her. P. N. Amer. .1828
sanguin&a . . Rose . . 8, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739
S6n6ga . . . Red wilt. . 7, K. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1739
simplex . . . Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1816
speciOsa . . . Purple . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1814
tenuif6lia . . Flesh . . 5, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. .
teretifOlta . . Purple . 8, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1791
tetragona. . . Purp.e . G. Ev. S. C. G. H. .1820
thesioidSs. . .Blue . . 7, F. Ev. S. Valparaiso . 1880
umbellata . . Purple . 7, S. A. C. G. H.
verticillata . . White. . 7, H. A. N. Amer. . 1739
vulgaris . . . Blue . . 5, H. Her. P. Britain . .
PoLYQAjious, when some flowers are male, some
female, and others hermaphrodite, on the same
plant.
POLYGONATUM, Desfontaines. From poly, many, and
gonuy a kne e ; referring to the numerous joints of
t h e stem. Linn. 6, Or. I, Na t . Or. Liliacece. Pretty
border plants, growing about two feet high in any
r i c h soiill , a n d r e a d i l y inc r e a s ed by seed or divisions
of the root. Synonymes: 1. P. latifolium.
2. Conangustifölmm
vallaría verticillata. 3. C. Polygonatum,
.
brachiätüm
canHiiculätüm .
hirtüm . . .
latiföliüm . .
leptophyllüm .
niaoropbyllüm, 1
multiflOrüm .
oppositiföliüm
polyanthèmûm
puhêscGns .
vertí cil là tum, 2
vulgàrë, 3 . .
flôré-plënô .
minör . .
White. . 5, H. Her.,P. N. Amer. . 1824
White. . 7, H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 1827
White. . 6, H. Her. P.N. Amev. . 1812
White, . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer, .1819
White. . 5, H. Her. P.Germany . 1802
White. . 6, G. Her. P.Nepal . . 1816
White. . 5, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1800
.White . . 6, H. Her. P. Britain . .
White. . 4, G. Her. P.Nepal . . 1822
.White. . 5, H. Her. P.Caucasus . 1826
, White . . 5, H. Her. P.N. Amer. . 1812
, White . . 5, "H. Her. P. Scotland .
, White . . 6, H. Her. P. England .
. Wht. grn. 6, H. Her. P. England . Gard.
. Wht. grn. 6, H. Her. P. England . Gard.
Polygonum, Linn. Derivation same as that of Polygonatiim.
Linn. S, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Polygonace<E.
The species of this genus grow freely in any light
r i c h soil. The perennial kinds ar e readi ly increased
f r om seeds, or by divisions of the root. _ T h e hardy
annual species merely require sowing in the open
ground. The tender kinds must be raised on a
gentle hotbed, and transplanted into the flowerborder.
Some species, such as P. Hydropiper, are
extremely acrid, and said to blister the skin. The
seeds of P. Fagopyrum and tataricum are used as
food, and according to Humboldt, the leaves of P.
hispidum are used in South America as a substitute
for tobacco. Synonymes: 1» P. petiolatum. 2. P.
elegans. 3. P. Jlagellare.
1828
1822
1822
1816
1837
1807
1816
1817
1818
1819
1795
1800
1819
1827
1822
1817
1800
1824
1807
1806
1818
1810
1822
1827
1917
1800
1820
1800
1730
acutâtum . . . Pink . . 7, H. A.
adprésaüm . . R e d . . 7, G. Ev. s . N. Holl.
affiné . . . R e d . . 6, H. Her. P. Nepal .
alpînûm . . . White . . 7, H. Her. P. Switzevl.
amphïbïùm . . Pink . . 7, H. Aq. P. Britain .
• hirsütúm . . Ked . . 7, H. Her. P. Britain .
araplexicatLlS, 1 . Red . . 7, H. Her. P. India
arenarïûm . . Purple 6, H. Tr. A. Hungary
ariföliüm . . Wht . red . 4, H. Tw. A. N. Holl.
articulalüm . . White . . 7> H. A. N. Amer.
australe . . . R e d , . 7, H. B. N. HolL
barba tûm . . . White . . 7, H. De. Tr. China .
Bistôrtà . . . Pink . . 7, H. Her. P. Britain .
•chinensë . • . Wht. grn. 7, H. Tw. A. China .
cilinôdô . . . Pink . . 8, H. CI. A. Canada .
coccïnëùm « . Scarlet . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer.
cymösüm . • . Pink . . 7, H. A. Nepal .
decïpïêns . . . Red . . 7, G. Her. P. N. Holl.
diíFüsüm . . . White . , 7, H. Her. Tr. Siberia .
Dryândrï, 2 . . Whi t s . . 7, H. A. E. Ind. .
ëlëgâns . . . Wht . grn. 6, H. Her. Tr. . N e p a l .
ellïptïeùm . . Pink . . 6, H. Her. P. Siberia .
emarginûtùm . Pink . . 7, H. A. China .
Fagopyrûm . . Pink . . 7, . H. A. England
floribûndûm . . R e d . . 7, H. A. Siberia .
glâbrûm . . . R e d . . 7, H. A. E. Ind. .
glaûcûm . , H. , Her. P. N. Amer.
gracïlë . . ! Red . . 7, G. Her. P. N. Holl.
nerniarioîdës . J • 7, G. Ev. S. Egypt .
hirsütüm . . . Whi t e . ,. 7, H. A. N. Amer.
Laxmânnï , . Wh i t e . ., 6, H. Her. P. Davuria
macro phyllûm . Purple . 6, H. , Her. P. Nepal .
mïtô . . . . R e d . . 7. H. . Aq. A. N. Amer.
ooreitûm . . . Wht . em. 7, H. . Her. P. Siberia .
L 253 ]
POL POi -
Red . . , 8, H. A. E. Ind. . . 1707
White. . 8, H. A. E. Ind. . . 1781
orientals . . .
album . . ,
oxyspermQm . .
p a t e n s . . . .
patulum .
pennaylvfmTcum
persicarioldes
plebC'ium . . .
sagittatum .
salsugin6iim .
senegalensis .
v«ericeum . .
setdsum . .
tinctorliim . .
virginianum .
vivlpirum .
acetosUm, acidiilrim, alpinfim, avicular^, Belldrdiy Convolvulus,
H. Her. P. Russia . . 1831
• 7, H. Her. Tr. Nepal . . 1823
White. ! .8, H. A. Tauria . . 1820
Ked . . . 7, H. A. N. Amer. . 1800
Pink . . • 7, H. A. Mexico . . 1816
Red . . . 7> G. Her. P. N. Holl. . 1822
Wht. grn.
Pink . ,
7, H. Tw. A. N. Amer. . 1759
. 6, H. Aq. A. Caucasus . 1817
Rpd . , . 7, H. Aq. A. Guinea . . 1825
White. , . 7, H. Her. Tr. Siberia . . 1820
White. . . 7, H. Her. P. A. Minor . 1817
Red . . . 7, G. B. China . . 1776
White. . . 8, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1640
Wht. grn. 7, H. Her. P. Britain .
divaricdtum, dumetorum, equiset'iform^.,
erectUm, Hydropiper, incanumyinjucnndum,lapathif6liumy
littorale 3, maritimUm,, minus, nilotlcum,
Persicarid, ramosisslmUm, sallgnum, scandSns, tataricumy
undulatum.
PoLYiDES, Agardh. From polyeides, multifarious;
diversity of appearance. Linn. 24, Or. 7, Nat. Or.
AlgcG. A very singular worm-like species of Algcs,
found in the sea dur ing the month of November—
P . lumbricdlis.
PoLYAiNiA, Linn. Polymnia was the name of one of
t h e Muses. Linn. ']9, Or. 4, Nat . Or. Composiiai.
Species of no great beauty, succeeding wel l in com -
mon garden soil. P. abyssinica requires to be raised
on a hotbed, and when potted set wi t h the stove
plants.
abyssinica . , . Yellow . 4, S. B. Africa . . 1775
canadensis . . . Yellow . 7, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1768
maculatil . . . Yellow . 8, H. Her. P. Mexico . . 1824
Uvedal6fl . . .Yellow . 9, H. Her. P. N. Amer. .1699
Polymorphous , assuming various forms.
PoLYPETALous, having many petals.
POLYPHORE, an elongated receptacle, which bears
many ovaries, but not the petals or stamens.
POLYPODIUM, Swartz. From poly, many, and pous, a
f o o t ; numerous root-like feet. Linn. 24, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Polypodiacece. Agenus ofvery ornamental
ferns. The stove and greenhouse species require,
to grow them well, a mixture of loam and peat.
T h e hardy kinds are wel l adapted for ornamenting
rock-work, or they may be grown in pots, in light
loamy soil. All the species ma y be readi l y increased
b y dividing the roots, or by seeds. P. crassifolium
is said to be sudorific and anti-rheumatic. In the
Sandwich Islands, they use the bruised fronds of
P . phymatodes to per fume the cocoa-nut oil. Synononymes:
1. P . scandens. 2. P. latifolium,
alpestrg . . .
angustifClmm .
areolatum
asplenifoliiam
attenuatum . .
aurSum . .
auric\ilatum . .
Billardleri, 1 .
calcilrStim
Catharinfe
connectllS .
crenatum . . .
crassifolium .
curvatum . . .
decumanum . .
deflexum . . .
disslmll^ . .
drepanum
Dryopt6ris . .
eiftlsum .
fraxiniffilium
hastatam . . .
heterophyllum .
liexagonopt6rum
incanum . . .
incisum . . .
iridifOlIum .
jamaicensS . ,
luglandifOlium .
lanceolatum . ,
latlpes . . . .
longifOlulm . .
lyeopodioldea
olivclceum .
Otites . . . .
owariensS . .
peotinatum . ,
Phegopt6ri8 . .
Brown . 7, H. Her. P.
Brown . 5, S. Her. Cr. W . Ind. . . 3820
Brown S. Her. P. Brazil . , . 1824
Brown . 7> S. Her. P. Martinico . 1790
Brown . 6, S. Her. Cr, N. Holl. . 1823
Brown . 3, S. H'er. P. W. Ind. . 1742
Brown . 7, S. Her. Cr. Brazil . . 1824
Brown . 5, S. Her, Cr. V. D. L. . 1823
Brown . 7, H. Her. P. Britain .
Brown S. Her. P. lirazil . ! 1824
Brown . 6, H. Her. P. Canada . . 1823
Brown . 8, S. Her. P . Jamaica . 1823
Brown . 8, S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1823
Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1823
Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1818
Brown . 7, S. Her. P. . 1830
Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Brazil . . 1820
Brown all S. Her. P. Madeii-a
Brown . 7, H. Her. P. Britain .
Brown . 11, S. Her. P. Jamaica ! 1769
Brown . 8, S. Her. P. Caraccas . 1.817
Brown . 7, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1820
Brown . 7, S. Her. Cr. W. Ind. . 1820
Brown . 7. H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811
Brown . 8, S. Her. Cr, . S. Amer, . 1811
Brown . 7. S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1810
Brown . 9, S. Her. P.
Brown . 6, S. Her. P. Jamaica . 1820
Brown . 7, S. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1822
Brown . 8, S. Her. P. W. Ind. . 1812
Brown . 10,'s. Her. P. Brazil .
Brown . 7, S. Hev. P. Brazil . 1819
Brown . 7, S. Her. Cr. . W . Ind. . 1793
Brown S. Her. P. S. Amer.
Brown . 10, s. Her. P. Brazil . ! 1834
Brown s. Her. Cr. S. Leone
Brown . 7, s. Her. P. W. Ind. 1793
Brown . 6, H. Her. P. Britain .