V A I VAL
folium. 6. V. fuscafu??i, fcmnosum. 7« vir^aémn,
8. K. hirteìl 117)13 frondustiìn. Si. V. glaucum. 10. V.
vemistum. J l. V. inaderense. 12. V. teneìlum, 13.
V. -parvijlorum. 14. V. allnnriy elevatmn.
albiflònìin , .
White.
De.
S.
N. Amer.
1B33
angustifOlïûm, 1
Pa. yel.
De.
S.
N. Amer.
1776
arbOr^ùm, 2 . .
Wilt red
De.
S.
N. Amer.
buxifòlìùm, 3 .
17()5
White.
H. Ev. S.
N. Amer.
canadènsé . .
Wilt, red
H. De, S.
Canada
caracasanûm .
1825
White.
S. E\', S.
Carnccas
eaespitOsûm . .
White.
1025
H, De. S.
Hud3. Bay 1823
COrymbOsûni, 4 .
White .
H. De. S.
N. Amer. 1765
Hngustifôlïûin,
White.
H. De. S.
N. Amer,
fuscátüm, 6 .
Wlit. pink 6, H. De. S. N. Amer.
virgiltûm, 7 •
crassifiilliim .
Wht. red . 4, H. De. S. N, Amer.
, White.
De. S.
duniósfìm, B .
Carolina
, Wliite .
De. S.
N. Amer.
lulmTlá . .
White .
De. S.
N. Amer.
elongâtfun . .
. White.
De. S.
N. Amer.
froudôsûin, 8 .
Wilt. grn.
De, S.
N. Amer.
venûstiim, 10
Pink .
H. De. S.
N. Amer.
galû^Ans . . .
White .
H. De. S.
N. Amer.
glshrûm . . .
Pink .
H
De. S.
N. Amer.
grandifióríim .
AVhite.
H
De. S,
N. Amer.
humifûsûm . .
Wliite .
H. Ev. Tr.N. Amer
ligustrïnûm . .
Purple
H. De. S. N. Amer
meridionAlé .
Red wilt
minutiflOrûm .
White .
Myrsinîtés . .
Purple
lanceolfiti'an .
Purple
obtrisûni .
Purple
myrtifOlIûm . .
White .
mvrtilloîdés . .
Pink . ,
Myrtïlluà . .
Pink . ,
bâccis âlbïs .
Green .
nltïdiim . . .
Pink . ,
deci'tnabêiis .
Pink . ,
ov.ltûm .
Pink , ,
padifôlïûm, 11 ,
P»i. grn.
pâllidûm
White. ,
pennsylvSnïcûm, 12 Wht bh. ,
resinüsüni . . . Pur. grn. ,
lutCscëns, 13 , Redsh. yel.
rubôscêns . . . Y»»! gru. .
stamïnéûm, 14 . . White. .
album. . . .White. .
ulixinôsûm , . . Flesh . .
Vitîs Idâa . . . Pink . .
S. Ev. S. Jamaica
H. De. S. N. Amer.
H. De. S. Carolina
H. De. S. Florida
H. De. S. Carolina
F, Ev. Tr. Carolina
H. De. S, N. Amer.
H. De. S. Britain
H. De. S. Britain
H. De. S. Carolina
5, H. De. Tr. Carolina
5, H. De. S. N. Amer.
7, H. De. S.
Madeira
5, H. De. S.
N. Amer.
6, H. De. S.
N. Amer.
î;
. H. De. S. N, Amer.
6, H. De. S. N. Amer.
5, H. De. S. N. Amer.
5, H. De. S. N. Amer.
H. De. S. Mexico
4, H. De. S. Britain
5, H. De. S. Britain
17G7
1770
I7b7
1787
I77<i
1774
1812
1761
1770
1806
1812
1812
1827
1778
1812
1812
1776
1794
1794
1826
1777
1774
1772
1782
1804
1773
1772
V a t l l a n t ï a , DecandoUe. In honour of Sebastian Vaill
a n t , an eminent French botanist and author in the
early part of the last century. Linn- 23, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Stellaioe, or Galiaceoe. Plants of little
interest, growing in common soil, on rock-work,
old walls, or in any dry situation; division and
seeds. Synonymes: 1. Galium articiilatum. 2. O.
cruciatum. 3. G. Bauhini. 4. G. i^edemontanum.
5. V. glubrOi Galium vernum.
chersonSnsïs . . Yellow . 6, H. De. Tr. China . .1817
cruciatH, 2 . . . Yellow . 5, H, De. Tr. Britain . .
humifûsii , . , Yellow . 6, H. De. Tr. A. Minor , 1816
pedemontana, 4 . Grn. yel. . 7, H. A. Hungary . 1799
vèrua, 5 . . . Yellow . 5, H. De. Tr. Swilzerl, . 1819
articuma \i,iîUfr>rmis, slabrâ 3, hls-pUàt muraUs,
V a l e r i a n , see Valeriana,
V a l e r i a n a , Necker. Said by some to be named after
Valerius, who first used it in medicine; others
assert that it is derived from v(7lere,to be in health,
on account of the medicinal qualities of V. ojfîcînalîs.
Linn. 3, Or. 1, Na t . Or. Valerianacece. Most of the
species are very ornamental in flower borders.
The perfectly hardy kinds succeed well in common
garden soil ; those from warmer climates should be
grown in pots in a mixtur e of loam, sand, and peat,
and placed in a frame or greenhouse in winter.
T h e y are all readily increased by division at the
root. The root of V. officinalis is eminently antispasmodic.
It is very frequently prescribed with
success in hysterical cases. In habi tual costiveness,
i t is an excellentmedicine. The unpleasant flavour
of Valerian is best counteracted by a small addition
of mace. Synonymes: 1. S. hèterophylla. 2. V.
Cardamints.
alliariaefòlm .
Red .
6, H.
Her.
asarifòlià . .
Red .
6, H.
Her.
capen sì s .
Red .
6,G.
Her.
cèltïoâ . . .
V/hite .
6, H.
Her.
dioica . . .
Flesh .
H.
Her.
elongatil
Yellow
H.
Her.
globu lariaefOlïa,
Red .
H.
Her.
mtermédïii . .
White.
H.
Her.
moutânà . .
r.gt. red
H.
Her.
officinalis . .
Flesh .
6, H.
Her.
Pbú . . . .
^Vlut9 .
8. H. Her.
C«ucasu8
Crete .
C. G. H.
Switzerl.
Britain .
Austria .
Pyrenees
Pyrenees
Switzerl,
Britain .
GeimAny
1826
1924
1816
1748
1812
1818
1748
1597
V A L V A N
pyreniîïcil . . , Pink . , 8, H. Her. P. Scotland
Saiiüncít . . , . Red . . 6. H. Her. P. France . snmbucifôlïil . . , 1824 . White . . 7. H. Her. P. Germany . 1819 saxAtïUs . . , White . . 7, H. Her. P. Austria . . 1740 sisymbriitülia, 2 . Red . . 6, H. B. S. Eur. , . 1824 siipinií . . . . Wht. red . 7, H. Her. P. Svi'itzerl. . 1822 trïptéris . , White . . 5, H. Her. P. Switzerl. . 17.52 tuberósi . . . Lgt. red . 6, H. Her. P. S. Eur, . . 1629
V a l e r t a n k l l a , Moench. From a dim.lnucive of Vale'
rianay which see. Linn, 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Valerianacece,
The species only require to be sown in
early spring, in the open border. They answer
well for a spring salad, and are generally ^inown
by the name of Lamb's-lettuce. Synoiiymes: 1. V.
dasycarpa, dentata. 2, V. iridentata.
campanulfitá
echinata
olitôrûl . .
Pink
Blue
A. S. Eur.
A. S. Eur.
A. Britain
18Ú7
auricula, ca rinàta, corondid, drscoìdè&y eriocurpd,
eocscapà, mixta, MorisOnll platylObd, pUmila 2,
raditlta, uncìnàtà, vesicdrià,
VallakTs, Broìvn. Fi'om vallo, to inclose; used for
fences in Java, Linn. 5, Or. 1, Na t . Or. Apocijnacece.
This species grows well in sandy loam and peat,
iind is increased by cut t ings, in sand, under aglass,
in heat . Sy7iony7ne : 1. P^rgttlaria glabra.
pergulftnii, 1 . . White , S, Ev. Tw, E. Ind. . .1818
VallksTa, Ruiz and Pavon. In honour of F. Vallesio,
physician to Philip II. of Spain. Linn. 5, Or.
N a t . Or. Apocynaceoi " - -
For culture and propagation!
see Vallaris,
cymbifòlut . . , White
dichòtòuirl . . , Whit©
Vai.lisnerTa, Micheli.
. 6, S. Ev. S. N. Spain , 1821
. 5, S. Ev. S. Peru , ,1822
I n honour of Antoni o Vallisneri,
an Italian botanist. Linn. 22, Or, 2, Nat . Or.
Hydrocharacex. This aquatic plant requires to be
grown in a large pot or tub of water, in the conservatory
or greenhouse; it should be planted
deeply in the water, since it grows at the bottom
of ditches in its nat ive country.
spiralis . . . . Brown . 7, G. Aq. P. S. Eur, . . 1818
V a l l o t a , Herbert, In honour of Pierre Vallot, a
French botanist. Linn. 6, Or. 1, N a t . Or. Amaryllidacece.
C. G. H.
C. G. H.
1774
1774
For culture and propagation, see
Synonyme : 1. Amaryllis purpurea,
purpurea, 1 . . Scarlet . 5, G. BI. P.
minor . . , Scarlet , 5, G. Bi. P.
V a l v a t e , opening like a valve.
V a l v . t . f o r m , shaped as a valve.
V a l v e s , the divisions of the capsule.
V a l v u l a r , consisting»- of valves.
V a l v u l a r - d i s s e p i m e n t s , partitions in the centre of
the valves.
Vanda, R. Brown. Vandd is the Sanscrit name of
the original species of this genus. Linn. 20, Or. 1,
Nat. Or, Orcliidacece, The species of this genus, as
•well as those e legant and interest ing plants referred
to it for cul ture, &c., are all well deserving of the
c u l t i v a t o r ' s best care and attention. The beauty
of their deliciously fragrant flowers is quite sufficient
to recommend them to all lovers of orchidaceous
plants, besides their being in general such
admirably free flowerers. Some of the species of
Saceolabium and Sareantlms produce from thirty to
one hundred spikes of flowers each; indeed, we
know from the best authority, that ther e are single
plants of Saccolabium guttatum, growing upon trees
in the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, which produce
every year from fifty io one hundred spikes or
flowers. In their native districts, all, or the greater
part of the plants referred to this genus, grow upon
trees in dense forests, and consequently derive
t h e i r chief support from the atmosphere j therefore
t h e i r cultivation in this country is rendered very
simple and easy, as the greater part of them
require nothing more than a piece of wood to at tach
themselves to, or an ornamental wire basket filled
w i t h moss and broken pots, and suspended from
t h e pillars or roof of the house. There are, however,
exceptions to this rule; as, for instance,
some of the stronger and more robust growing
kinds, such as Vanda Roxburghii, and V. multijiora.
These should be grown in wide shallow pots, caref
u l l y filled with cut sphagnum moss, and potsherds
broken small. We would recommend oak branches
for those intended to be grown upon wood. They
C 326 ]
V A N V A S
all require a good strong moist heat, and a plent i ful
supply of water during the growing season, which
ought to commence about the beginning or middle
of June, and continue to the end of September,
f r om which time they should be kept cool and dry
u n t i l the beginning of March, when they should
be placed in a strong dry heat to induce them to
flower. They will, if thus treated, flower most
abundantly ; whereas, if kept in a continued moist
atmosphere, they will do nothing but grow from
year to year, and of course never produce flowers,
because they aré not allowed a proper season to
elaborate and perfect their flower-buds, neither
have they a proper season for the development of
those buds. Propagation is effected by carefully
detaching the lateral shoots after they have grown
to the length of about six inches, and fastening
t h em to another block of wood in a similar manner
to the old ones; but great caution is necessary to
preserve them from excision by moisture till they
have recovered from the effects of being severed
f r om the parent plant, and commenced growing
V A S V E R
cruéntá .
lamellata
multiíiOril
lioxbûrffhïl
Red
Pa. yel.
Yellow
Wht pur.
Wht. pur.
Ch. brn.
Red yel.
S. Epi. China
Manilla
China .
8, S. Epi
6, S. Epi
7, S. Epi. China
7, S. Epi. China
S. Epi.
3, S. Epi. Silhet
1819
1837
1800
1810
1816
1828
)xburff
tessellata
u nïcôlôr
tërès . .
V a n d ë l l ï a , lÂnn. In honour of Dominico Vandelli,
professor of botany at Lisbon. Linn. 14, Or . 2, Nat.
Or. Scrophnlariaceoe, These plants require the
same t reatment as o ther tender annuals. Synonymes:
i. Hornem.annia ovata, Tittmannia ovata. 2. H. viseru
cosa, T. viscosa. 3. Torenia d\ff^asa,
stâcèii, 1
. . Hlue . . 6, S. A. India
. . White. . 7, S.
, . lilue . . 6, H
, . Purple . 7, S,
, Commelin. Altered from Voa^Vangu^r,
diffusi . .
hirsütñ, 2 .
Roxbûrghïi, 3
V a n g û ë r ï a
. 1816
A. Santa Cruz 1824
A. India . . 1823
A. Coroman. . 1818
the name of V. edulis in Madagascar. Linn. 5, Or.
1, Nat, Or. Cinchonaccce. These plants succeed
best in a mixture of loam and peat, and they are
readily increased by cuttings, in the same kind of
soil, under a glass, in heat . The fruit of V. eduhs,
as the name implies, is succulent and eatable.
eduirs . . . . Green . . S. Ev. S. India . . 1809
spinoQit . . . . Green . . 6, S. Ev. S. Madagas. . 1816
velntina . . . Lgt. grn. . 5, S. Ev. S. Madagas. . 1829
V a n i l l a , Phtmier. An alteration of Vaynilla, which
is a diminut ive of Vaina, a Spanish word signifying
a sheath ; in reference to the cylindrical pod being
like the sheath of a knife. Linn, 20, Or. 1, Nat.
Or. Vanillacece. These plants thrive best in a mixt
u r e of moss and turfy peat, in a moist warm atmosphere.
They should have the rough bark of a
piece of wood, or a wall for thei r long roots, which
issue from every joint, to cling to; and they are
r e a d i l y increased by cuttings. The fruit is one of
the most delightful aromat ics known, and is extensively
used in the manufacture of liqueurs, chocol
a t e , and various articles of confectionary, and also
for per fuming snuffs,
nromatica . . . White. . 7, S. Ev. CI. S.Eur. . .1739
blcoliir . . . . Bull red . S. Epi. Guinna . .
planifoUS . . . White. . 5, S. Ev. a W. lud. . 1800
Varicose, swollen here and there.
V a r t o l a r i a , Persoon. From variola;, measles; the
shields of these plants resemble the eruptive spots
of the measles. Linn. 24, Or. 8, Nat . Or. Lichenes.
Crustaceous plants, found on rocks, walls, and the
b a r k of trees—V. amard, A. discolded, chlorothecid,
ciner^dy com.munls, C. aspergllld, constellatd, dealbOid,
globullferd, griseO-vlrens, InctSd, L. arendrtd,
multipunctd, M, Icsvigatd, polythScid, terricold, tdrtd,
veldtd.
V a r r o n i a , see C6rdid.
Vascoa, Becandolle. In honour of Vasco de Gama,
t h e celebrated Portuguese circumnavigator . Linn.
16, Or. 6, Nat. Or. Leguminosce. Showy plants
when in blossom. They grow well in a mixtur e of
loam and peat; and young cuttings root readily in
sand, under a glass. Synonymes: 1. Rafnia arnplexicaulis,
Crotalaria ampleMcaulis. 2. Borbonia
perfoliata, C. amplexicaulis.
amplfixicafilTs, 1 , Yellow . 7. G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1816
perfoliaUl, 2 . . Yellow . 7, G. Ev. S. C. G. H. . 1812
[ 327 J
V a s c u l a r , composed of tubes or vessels.
V a u a n t h e s , see GramindnihSs,
VauchkrTa, Becandolle. In honour of the Rev. M
Vaucher of Geneva, a botanical author. Linn. 24,
Or. 7, Nat. Or. Alg-a. Found in ditches, &c—V .
dichmmd, D. subrnarmd, Dillrv^Jnu, gemindtdy muU
ticapsuldrls, racemOsd, radicdtd, terrBsiris,
V a u l t e d , formed like a vault.
V e i n l e s s , without veins.
VelezTa, Linn. In honour of C. Velez, a physician
and botanist at Madrid. Linn. 5, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Silenaceoi, The seeds may be sown in any light
soil.
riglda . . . . Wht. pur. 7, H. A. Spnin . .1683
ViiLLA, Becandolle. From velar, the Ccltic name of
the Cress. Linn. 15, Nat. Or. Cruciferm, This
shrub is commonly grown as a greenhouse plant,
but it is sufficiently hardy to endure the winter
when planted in a dry, warm, south border; it is
increased by young cuttings, in sand, under a glass,
PseudO-citisiis . Yellow . 4, G. Ev. S. Spain . . 1759
V e l l e j a , Smith. In honour of Major Velley, a gentleman
who paid much attention to marine Algoi.
Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Goodejiiacece, Interesting
plants, succeeding best in a mixture of loam, peat,
and sand, and increased by division, or by seeds,
which are sometimes produced in this country.
The plants must be sparingly watered in winter.
Ivrftta . . . . Yellow . 4, G. Her. P. N. Holl. . 1810
paradoxic . . . Yellow . 7, G- Her. P. N. Holl. . 1824
spatulatct . . . Yellow . 4, G. Her. P. N. Holl. . 1825
V e l t h e i m i a , Ghdifsch. In honour of F . A. Veltheim,
a German botanist. Linn. 6, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Liliacece.
The species of Veltheimia thrive best in a
light loamy soil; and are readily increased by
offsets from the bulbs; the leaves pulled off close
to the bulb, and planted in pots of soil, will produce
bulbs at their base,
glailcfi . . . . Flesh . . 3, G. Bl, P. C. G. H. . 1781
ruhescentl pur-\ R^d pur. . 7, 0. Bl. P. C. 0. H. . 1834
purSil . . ./ ^ '
intermedia. . . Flesh . . 4, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1800
viridiftJim . . . Flesh wht. 8, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1768
V e l v e t v , covered with down resembling velvet.
Ventbicose, inflated. «
Venus's comb, see ScdnJtx PScten-VS^i^ris.
Venus's f l v p r a p, see Bionad musclpuld.
Venus's h a i r , see Adidntiim Capilhls-VenSris.
Venus's looking-glass, see Speculdrid spScd.lUm,
Venus's n ave lwor t , see OmphalodSs.
V e p r i s , Commelin. From vepres, a br iar or bramble.
Li7in. 21, Or. 8, Nat . Or, Rutacece, For culture and
propagation, see Toddalia. Synonyme: 1. Toddalia
paniculata,
obovata . . . . White. . S. Ev. S. Maurit. . , 1824
V e r a t r u m , Linn. From vere, truly, and ater, black;
in allusion to the colour of the root. Linn. 23, Or.
1, Na t . Or. Melanthacece, A genus of elegant plants
when in flower. They thrive best in a rich soil,
and are increased by division or seeds. The
dangerous medicinal properties of the root of Veratrum
are owing to a peculiar alkaline principle,
called Veratrin, which acts with singular energy on
t h e membrane of the nose, exciting violent sneezings,
though taken in very minute quant i ty. When
t a k e n internally in very small doses, it produces
excessive irritation of the mucous coat of the
stomach and intestines, and a few grains are found
fatal to the lower animals. V. viride is an acrid,
emetic, and powerful stimulant, followed by sedative
effects." Lindley's Nat. Syst. of Bot., 2d Ed,
p. 348.
álbüra . .
angustifôlïûm
Lobeliánüm
nigrum . .
parviflorûm
virldé . .
White.
(ireen .
Wîiite .
Drk. pur.
Green .
Green .
7, H. Her.
6, H. Her.
6, H.
Her.
6, H.
Her.
6, H. Her.
7, H. Her.
Europe .
N. Amer.
S. Eur. .
Siberia .
Carolina
N. Amer.
1548
1823
1818
1596
1809
1742
Verbascum, Linn. Said to be f rom barbascum., bearded;
in allusion to the bearded filaments. Linn. 5, Or.
1, Nat. Or. Scrophulariacece. The species of Verbascum
are strong, robust g rowing plants, producing
an abundance of showy, yellow flowers, and on
t h a t account they are well adapted for planting at
t h e back of flower borders, or in shrubberies. They
iiMiJil