P E R P E R
minor . . . . Yel. ^n. . 6, S. l']v. Tw. E. Ind. . 1700
ocldratlsslmí . . Greon . . 6. 8. Kv. Tw. E. Ind. . 17H1
SHng-uinolc-iita . . Grn. yel. . 7, S. Kv. T\v. S. Leone . 1822
PEÍUANTH, or PERIANTHIUM, the envelope wliich surrounds
the ñower. Tins teiin i.s applied when the
calyx cannot be distinguished from the corolla, as
in Liliuniy »fee. ^Scc.
PENIIJALIA, Trillin.'!. From penlnillo, to encompass.
Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Gramínea!. A worthless
species of ^rass, /irowiny; in any common soil, and
increased by seeds. Sijnonyme: 1. Aira invulucrata
~P. hisjH'inicil 1.
PKRICALLIS, D. Don. From perikaUes, very pretty;
radial li^ulte beautiful. Linn. 19, Or. 2, Nat. ()r.
Cotnjwsitce, A very desirable plant; inc-reased by
cuttings or seeds, and treated as the Cinerarias.
Synonijme: 1. Cineraria tussilaginisy Senecio tussilaginis.
tussih.gTnis, 1 . . Purple . 4, G. Her. P. Teneriffe . 1829
PERICARP, the seed-vessel.
PERICH-Í:NA, Fries. From periy around, and ischanoy
to encompass. Linn. 24, Or. 9, Nat. Or. Funf^i.
Very minute Fiingi, found on the cones of Pinus
Abies J and dead trunks of trees—P. popnllna, strobi-
Una.
pERicH^TiAL, leaves which in mosses surround the
base of the stalk of the theca.
PERIGONE, the calyx and corolla.
pERiGYNOus, inserted in the calyx, or in the disk
which adheres to it.
pEiui.LA, Linn. The meaning not explained. Linn.
14, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Labiain'- I'lants of little merit,
flourishing in any light loamy soil,
ñ-uticosií . . . . 7. G. Ev. S. Nepal . .
ocymoldes . . . Whito . . 7> H. A. India . .1770
PERILOMIA, Humboldt and Bonpland. From peri,
around, and loma, a fringe ; in allusion to the membranaceously
winged achenia. Linn. 14, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Labiatce. For the culture and prox)agation
of this pretty species, see Prostanthera.
ooj'moides . . . Purple . 8, G. Ev. S. Peru . .
pERioLA, Fries. From peri, about, and ionios, down;
appearance of the species when growing. Linn.
24, Or. .9, Nat. Or. Funfci. A minute fungus,
growing on potato roots, &c.—P. lomeniOsa.
PERIPI.OCA, Linn. From periploke, an intertwining;
alluding to the habit of the plants. Linn. 5, Or. 2,
Nat. Or. AscJepiadacea:. Handsome species, growing
freely in any common soil. P. graca is a
valuable hardy plant for covering naked walls,
&c. They are readily propagated by layers, or
cuttings, under a glass.
ani^vtstifOlia . . Purplish . H. De. T\v. S. Em>. . 1800
gr¿ca . . , . IJrown . 7. H. De. Tw- Syria . . L'597
IsevigSta . . .Grn. vel. . F. Ev. Tw. Canaries . 1779
mauritiana . . Brown . S. Ev. CL Malabar . 1823
pERiFriiRA, Decandolle. From períptera, a shuttlecock;
resemblance in the form of the flower. Linn.
16, Or. 8, Nat. Or. MalvaceiE. A pretty^ little
shrub, growing about three feet high, in a mixture
of loam and peat. The species ripens its seed
freely, from which it may be increased, as also
from cuttings in sand, under a glass. Synonymes :
1. Sida Períptera, Añada punícea.
pnnicécl, 1 . . . Crimson . 5, S. Ev. S. N. Spaia . 1814
PERIPHERIC, circular, curved.
PERISTÉETA, Hooker. From peristera, a dove; in
allusion to the dove like appearance of the column.
Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchidacefe. This is a
genus of splendid plants, the most remarkable and
interesting of which is the P. elata; it produces a
long spike of yellowish-white waxy flowers, yielding
a very peculiar fragrance. In the neighbourhood
of Panama, it is known to the natives by the
appellation of " el Spirito Santo" and the reason
Í01' this name is quite obvious on looking at the
flower; the centre of it exhibits a column which,
with its summit and the projecting gland of the
pollen-masses, together with the erect wings,
bears a very striking resemblance to the figure of
a Dove: whence the Knglish name of the genus
Dove-flower. The species should be grown in pots
well drained, in a mixture of fibrous loam, Itwifmould,
and sandy peat, andmus t notbeoverwatered
at any season, more especially when torpid; they
are increased by separating the pseudo-bulbs.
P E R PES
Barkerl . . . . Yellow . 6, S. Epi. Mexico . . 1837
cerina . . . .Yellow . 6, S. Epi. S. Main . . 1835
elatil White . . 7, S. Epi. Punanm . . 1820'
guttata . . . . lied yel. . 8, S. Epi. S. Amer. . 1837
pendülá . . . . Wht. spot. 9, S. Epi. Panama . .
PERISTOMR, the rim which surrounds the orifice of
the theca of a moss.
PEIUTHÉCÍOM, PERINRUM, different kinds of envelopes
of the rei>roducti ve organs of Fungi.
PERITOMA, Decandolle. From peritome, a cutting
round about; base of the calyx. Linn. 15, Nat.
Or. Capparidaceo!. The seeds of this plant require
to be sown on a gentle hotbed, and the plants, when
large enough, to be turned out into a sheltered
situation in the flower-garden. Synonyme: J.
Cleome serrulata.
serrulata, 1 . . Purple . 7, H. A. Missouri . 1828
PERIWINKLE, see Vinca.
PERMANENT, or PEHSISTENT, remaining, not falling off.
PEHOTTS, Alton. From peros, deficient; alluding to
the flower. Linn. 3, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Gramineas.
An annual species of grass, succeeding in any
common garden soil.
latifOliiX . . . . Apetal . . 8, Grass. E. Ind. . . 1777
PERPOSÍLLÜS, very small.
PERSEA, Gmrtner. A name applied by Theophrastus
to an Egyptian tree. Linn. 9, Or. 1, Nat. Or,
Lauracece. This ornamental species succeeds well
in a mixtur e of turfy loam and peat. The best way
of propagating it is by layers, which root freely;
ripened shoots, taken off at a joint, and planted in
sand, under a glass, in heat, will sometimes root.
Synonyme: 1. Laurus Persea.
graiíssínifi, 1 . . Grn. yel. . S. Ev. S. W. Ind. . 1739
PERSIAN SUN'S-EYE, see Tfdipa ocfilvs sOHs.
PERSIGA, Tournefort. So named from the Peach-tree
coming originally from Persia. Linn. 12, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Rosacece. To this genus belong the wellknown
and much-esteemed fruits the JPeach and
Nectarine. The different kinds are propagated by
budding on Damask plum-stocks, and new varieties
are raised from the stone, after a mixture of the
sorts by impregnation. In this country, they are
usually trained on south walls in the fan manner,
which is allowed to be the most natural. The soil
best suited for them is three-parts mellow loam,
enriched with one-part vegetable mould. Synonymes:
1. Amygdalus Pérsica Nectarina.
Pérsica.
l8é%'is, 1 . . . . Red
4,
De.
Persia
vulgaris, 2 . . . Red
4,
De.
Persia
álbií . . . . White
4,
De.
Persia
comprgs.sjí .
4,
De.
flOré-pléno . . Red
4, H. De.
fol. varie^Stís .
4, H. De.
PERSOONÍA, Smith- In honour of C.
distinguished botanist, the author of Synopsis
Plantarum, and other valuable botanical works.
Linn. 4. 1, Nat . Or. Proteacem. An ornamental
genus of plants, growing from five to seven feet
high, and thriving well in a mixture, of equal
parts of loam, peat, and sand ; and cuttings of the
ripened wood root in sand, under a glass.
2. A.
. 1502
. 15Ö2
Persia . .
I'ersia .
H". Persoon, a
cliamaspltys . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1824
ferrugïnéâ . . Yel. rod. . 6, G. Ev. S. N. S. W. . 1823
liirsütá . . . . Yellow . 6, G. E v. s. N. . S. V/. . 1800
flexiföim . . . Yellow G. Ev. s. N. Holl. . 1824
juniperinä . . Yellow . Ö, G. Ev. s. N. . s. w. . 182Ö
lanceolata . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. s. w. . 1791
latifolïâ . . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. s. w. . 1795
linearis . . . . Yellow . 7, G. E v. s. N. s. w. . 1794
mollis . . . . Yellow . 7, G. Ev. s. N. s. w. . 1826
myrtilloïdss . G. Ev. s. N. s.w. . 1837
nütílns . . . ! Yellow G. Ev. s. N. Holl. . 1824
pàllida . . . . Orange ' 7, G. Ev. s. N Holl. . 1824
pinifôlïâ . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. s. w. . 1822
pruinóse! . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. s. w. . 1824
saliclna . . Pink . ' 7, G. Ev. s. N. , s. w. . I7i)5
scäbrä . . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. . s. w. . 1824
spatulätä . . . Yellow . 6, G. E v. Ö. N. Holl. . 1824
tenuiföllä . . . Yellow . 6, G. Ev. s. N. Hüll. . 1822
pERruSARiA, Acharius. Derived from pertusus. , full
of holes. Linn. 24, Or. 8, Nat. Or. Lichenes. A
new genus of cryptogamic plants, nearly allied to
Verrucaria—P. isidioldes.
PEIIVIUS, having a passage through which anything
can be transmitted.
PfCSDMERi'A, Thouars. From pipto, peso, to fall, and
f 238 1
PET PET
rr.eros, a par t ; the sepals are spontaneously thrown
off from the flower shortly after they have expanded,
j u s t as leaves are thrown off the stems of many or
these plants when thev receive asudden check, and
then the petals <ind labellum only remain to constit
u t e the flower. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Orchidacece.
The plant is nearly related to Bletia and
Phahis, but will probably be found to grow best
under the treatment given to Burhngtonia.
tetragOnil . . . Drown . 12, S. Epi. Maurit. . . 1837
I'ETAR.-LIKE SOAT.ES in Alsinaceoi and Silenacefe, the
scales which are fixed to the throat of the petals.
PETALOSTEMUM, Michaux. From petalon, a petal, and
stemon, a stamen; the stamens are joined to the
petals at the base. Linn. 16, Or. 2, Nat . Or. Lcguminosce.
Pretty herbaceous plants, growing in any
border soil; young plants are readily obtained by
Synonyme: 1. Dalea Kuhnistera.
\ White . . 7, P. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811
. Fle«h . . 7, F. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811
. White. . 8, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811
. Violet . . 8, H. Her. P. N. Amer. . 1811
divisions.
cândïdûm .
cârnéûm
corymbösüm, 1
violacéílm .
PETALS, divisions of a corolla.
PETIOLATE, or PETIOLED, h aving footstalks.
PETIOM'LATE, having little petioles.
PETIVERTA. Named by Linnaeus in honour of J.
Petiver, F.R.S., a London apothecary. Linn. 7,
Or. 1, Nat. Or. Petiveracece. Ornamental plants,
growing in a mixtur e of loam and peat; they propagate
readily by cuttings under a glass.
alliric6a . . . . Wliite . . 6, S. Ev. 8. Jamaica . 1759
oetandrii . . . White. . 6, S. Ev. S. W. Ind. . 1?37
PETREA. Linnaeus dedicated this genus to Robert
James, Lord Petre, a famous patron of botany, who
died in 1742. Linn. 14, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Verbenacere.
Beautiful stove plants. P. volubilis is one of the
most handsome stove twiners we possess. To grow
them well, they must bo planted in good rich
mould, and kept in a strong heat. They may be
propagated readily by cuttings under a glass
erëctâ .
rugò sä .
Stapelîsê
volabilïs
PETRSHÏC'M, R.
. Blue .
. nine .
. Lilac .
. Purple
Broivn,
P E T P E Z
5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Umbelh'feroe. P. sativum, the
common Parsley, is a well-known culinary herb.
The seeds of all the species maybe sown in spring,
in the open ground. Synonymes: 1. Apium Petroselinum.
2. Sison segetum, 3. Ligusticum pei'egrinum,
sativum, 1 .
segßtüm, 2 .
peregrínúm, 3
Lfft. yel.
White .
White .
6, H.
7, H.
6. H.
B. Sardinia . 1548
A. liritain .
B. PonuRal . 1G33
acuminata . . White
Atkinsiänii
intermedial, 1 . Y A. pur.
nvotaginiflörä, 2 White .
víolficóit, 3 . . Rose pur.
S. Ev. S. S. Amer. . 1823
S. Ev. S. Caraccas . 1824
6. a. Ev. CI. S. Amer. .
7, 8. Ev. Tw. Vera Cruz . 1733
From petros, a rock, and bin,
to live ; habitation of the species. Linn. 19, Or. 1,
Nat. Or. Compositai. An ornamental shrub, growing
well in sandy loam ; and cuttings root without
difficulty in the same kind of soil. Synonymes: 1.
Bidens arbórea, Spilanthes arbórea.
arbóréúm, 1 . . Pa. yel. . S. Ev. S. St. Helena . 181G
PETKOCALT.ÍS, R. Brown. From petros, a rock, and
kalos, beautiful; the plant adorns the rocks on
which it grows. Linn. 15, Nat. Or. Crucifera;.
This little plant is well fitted for ornamenting
rock-work, or it may be grown in pots, in a mixture
of sandy loam and peat, and is multiplied by
seeds, or divisions at the root. Synonyme : 1. Draba
pyrenaica.
pyrenalca, 1 . . Pink . . 5, G. Her. P. Pyrenees . 1759
pETROMARÜLA, A. DecandoUe. From petros, a rock,
and maron, a bi t ter herb. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat . Or.
CampanuJacece. This plant requires to be grown
in a sheltered situation, and protected by a frame
in winter , it may be increased by divisions. Synonyme
: 1. Phyteuma pinvala.
pinnStu, 1 . . . Pa. blue . 8, F. Her. P. Candia . 1(740
PETROPHILA, R. Br own. From petros, a stone, and
phileo, to love; in allusion to the places in which
the plants are found. Linn. 4, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Proteacecn. A genus of ornamental shrubs, nearly
related to Protea, to which genus they may be
referred for culture and propagation. Synonyme:
1. Protea fucifolia.
neiculavTs . . . Wht. red
canescens .
diver.sifOim . .
fastigiati . . . White .
filifOim . . . .Wliite.
pediinculátil . . White.
pulchélia, 1 . .White,
rígida . . . . White .
teretifOim . . . White .
trindá . . . .While.
PETROSELINOM, H(iffmann
PETTV-WHIN, see GenTstdf anglicd.
PETUNIA, JiMitew. The Brazilian name for tobacco
is Petun; applied to this genus because of its
affinity wi t h Nicoliana. Linn. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
Solanaceoi. A hig'hly ornamental genus of freeflowering
plants, well adapted for turning^ out in
beds or borders during summer. Th-ey will giow
in any light soil, but prefer a mixture of sandy
loam and vegetable mould ; cuttings will strike at
any season in heat, care being ta-ken to keep them
h-om damp. Synonymes: 1. Salpiglossis linearis, Nierembergia
intermedia. 2. Nicotiana nyctaginijlora.
3. P. phoinicea, Nicrembergia phisnicea, Salpiglossis
integrifolia.
7, F. Her. P. Chile . . 1827
Crim. pur. 7, H. A. Hybrid . . 1834
8, F. Her. P. B. Ayres . 1832
8, F. Her. P. S. Amer. . 1823
8, F. Her. P. B. Ayres . 1831
PEUCEDANI/M, Koch. From peuke, a pine, and danos,
parched; so named because of its strong resinous
smell. Linn. 5, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Umbelliferce. The
species are of no interest, and will grow in any
common garden soil. Synonymes : 1. Cnidium alsaticum.
2. Selinnm venetum. 3. S. austriacum. 4.
S. baicalense. 5. S. peucedanoides. 6. S. polymorphum.
7. S. Oreoselinum. 8. 5. gallicum. 9 S. elegans,
P. lineare. 10. S. Bellardi. 11. P. tauricvm. 12. P.
nalustre, Thysselimim palustre. 13. Heracleum pumllum—
P album, alpestrS, alsaticum ),A. albiJlOrTim
2, arendrium, aurdum, austriacfim 3, baicalSnse^ 4,
dauricum, involucrCitXLm 5, isetensS, longifolium,
montanfim 6, o^icinalS, O. itaVicum, Oreoselinum 7,
paniculatiim, parisiSnsS 8, rablSnsS 9, R. Bellardi 10,
rnpestrS, ruthenlcfim, R. tauricfim 11, seseloides,
sibiricum, S. sylvaticum 12, tenuifolium, Voconiiorum.
13.
PEUMUS, Persoon. From Peumo, its Chilian name.
Linn. 22, Or. 2, Nat. Or. Monimiacece. An odoriferous
tree, attaining the height of thirty feet; it
delights in peaty loam, and ripened cuttings root
readily in sand.
fr,igrans . . . S. Ev. T. Chile , . . 1824
PE-XROUSIA, Decandolle. In honour of L a Pey rouse, the
French navigator. Linn. 3, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Iridacece.
A genus of tine bulbous plants, requiring
the same treatment as Ixia. Synonyme: I. Galaxia
plicata.
aculeatri
ruiceps . .
corvmbosil .
FabrïcXi .
falc-Ûta . .
fa.sciculatií, 1
fisbifOlïâ .
silenoîdcs .
PEZÎZA, Dillwyn
5, G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1830
G. Do. S. N. Holl. . 1830
G. Ev. S. N. Holl. . 1803
7, G. Ev. s. N. Holl. . 1820
6, G. Ev. s. N. Holl. . 1824
7, G. Ev. s N. HoJt. . 1824
7, G. Ev. s. N. . S. W. . 1790
fi» G. Ev. s. N. Holl. . 1823
7, G. Ev. s. N. , Holl. . 1824
7, G. Ev. s. N. . Holl. . 1820
selinon, parsley
C 239 ]
From
habitation of i
letros, a rock, and
le species. Linn.
Blu. yel. . 6. G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1825
Blue . . F. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1824
Blue . . 5, F. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1791
Blue . . i), G. Bl, P. C. G. H. . 1825
Blue . . 5, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1825
Blue . . 5, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1825
Violet . . 8, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1809
Violet . . 6, G. Bl. P. C. G. H. . 1822
Name derived from Pezicte^ a tribe
of fungi in Pliny. Linii. 24, Or. 9, Nat. Or. Fujigi.
This is a very extensive genus, containing some of
the most beautiful of our fungi, which appear in
the end of autumn on decayed wood, or in places
where trees have formerly stood ; they are in the
form of small undulated scarlet cups. Synonymes :
1. P. cyathoides. 2. P. epidendra. 3. P. alhella—
P. Abbotianà, acetabulà, acicvldris, (eruginOsa,
agaricina, albn-spadicèà, albo-violascSns,
amOrphd, anomala, arenosa, A. salicinà, argillacéu,
AspegrSnn, atrutd, atrorUfù, airo-virens, auràntìd,
uxilldrìs, badm, bìcólOr, boldrìs, buccìnd, cerùlea,
cd'sià, calycùlùs, campanula, cSréà, cerlnd, chrysocOmd,
cinSrèà, citrina 1, clandestina, clarOjldvd,
cochleaid, coccìnèd 2, compressa, concinna, conigérd,
cribrosa, cnpuldris, domestica, episphàrld, erSctd,
erratica, erùmpSns, fagined, fascicularis, jìbuUfOrmis,
firma, fìssa, Jlexèlld, fructigèrd, furfurdcéa,
fused, fuscarioidSs, granulata, Gremlin, hemispkcericd,
herbdrum, furia, hispìdùld, humOsà, hyallnù,