I l :
C A P CAR
CAPRiFÖLiC'M, Romer and Schultes. Called poetically
goat-leaf; and is derived from caper, a goat, and
folium, a leaf; in reference to the climbing and
twining habit of the plant. Linn, o. Or. 1, Nat.
Or. CaprifoliacecE. This is a ^emis of favourite
climbing plants, well adapted ior planting against
walls, bowers, or trellis-work. Common soil suits
them; and cuttings taken off early in autumn
readily root in a shady border. Synonyines: 1.
Lonicera glahratum. 2. Cap. pubescens. 3. L. caprifolium.
4. Caprifoliumjaponicuin.
chinênsé, 1 . . Orange . 8, F. Ev. T\v. China .
ciliOsûni . . .Yellow . f), F, De. T\v. Mis-^ouri
lîioïoiini . . . . Purple . 6, H. De. Tw. N. Amer,
Douglasn . . . Orange . H, H. De. Cl. N. Amer,
etrùscûm . . . Orange . 5, H. De. T\v. Italy .
firivum . . . . Yellou' . 5, H. De. T\v. Carolina
hirsûtûm, 2 . . Yellow . 5, H. De, Tw. Canada
hispîdCilûm . Rose . . 7> H. De. S. S. Amer.
gTâtûm . . . . Red . . 7, H. Ev. Tw. N. Amer,
împlëxùm . . . Red vel. . 7, H. Ev. Tw. Minorca
itàlîcûm, 2 . . . Pur. yel. . 6, H. De. Tw. England
rûbrûm . . . Red . . 6. H. De. Tw. S. Èur.
îp.pônïcûm . . .Red . . 6, F. Ev. Tw. China .
longiflôrûm . . Yel. wht.. 7, H. De. Cl. China .
nepalênsë, 3 . . Orange . 7> F. Ev. Tw. Nepal .
occidentâlé . . . Orange . 7, H. De. Tw. Ft. Vancou. 1824
Peridyménûm . Yellow . 6, H. De. Tw, Britain .
Bêlgîea . . Yellow , 6, H. De, Tw.
quercifOlïûm . Yel. red . 6, H, De, Tw.
serôtïnûm . . Yel. red . 6, H. De. Tw.
variegâtûm . , Yel. red . 6, H. De. Tw. Britain .
sempêrvïrêns . . Scarlet . 6. H. Ev. Tw. N. Amer
. . Scarlet . 6. F. Ev. Tw. Carolina
180ß
1825
1776
1824
1810
1822
1883
1730
1772
1806
1826
1807
1656
mínüs 1656
C a p s é l l a , Moench. So called from a diminution
of capsule» Linn, 15, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Cruciferos.
Weedy plants. Synonyme: Thlaspihursa-pastoris
—bürsü-pastOrís 1, apetálá, B. coronopifdliáf B, intep
ifólíá, B, mlnór.
Capsicum, Liiin. So named from kapfo, to bite; on
account of the hot, pimgent qualities of the pericarp.
Lijin. 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Solanaceee. This
genus is ornamental, but chiefly cultivated for its
fruit, which is much used in pickles; they are
easily cultivated in any rich open soil; and readily
increased from seeds. Synonyme: I, Cerasiforme,
angulosûm . White . . 6, H, A. India .
¿unüüm . . . WJiite . . 6, H, A . India . . 1548
baceâtûm . . . Wiiite . . 6, S. Ev. S. . 1731
Wcölör . . . . Purple . 6, S. Ev. S. W. Ind. . 1804
cerasiflörüm . , White . . 6, S. Ev. S. . 1823
csrasiformé . Pa. vel. . fi, S. A, . W. Ind. . 1739
cônïcûm . White . . fi, S. A. . Guiana . . 1820
conoides , . . WhHe. . 4, S. Ev. S. India . . 1750
cordifôrmë . . . White. . 6, H. A, . India .
frutêscêns . . . Pa, vel.
. White .
. 7, S. Ev. S. India 1656
tortulösüm .
. 6, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1820
globïférûm . . . AVhite . . 6, S. Ev. S. Guiana . . 1824
grössüm . . . White . . 7>S. B. India . . 1759
globösüm
lûtëûm . .
. White. . 7, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. .
. White . . 7, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. .
löngüm . . . . White, . 6, H. A. India . 1548
hìtèiim . . , , AVhite. . 7, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1820
micranthüm . . White . . 5, S. Ev. S. Brazil . . 1820
mi croca rpôn . . Wliite . . 5. S. Ev. s.
Millêrn, 1 . . . Wliite . . 6, G. A, W. Ind. . 1824
ovStûm . . M^hite . . 7, S. Ev. S. . 1824
pëndûlûm . . . While . . 5, S. Ev. s. . 1750
pyramidâlé . White. . 5, S. Ev. s. Egypt . . 1750
sinënsë . . . . AVhite . . 7, S. Ev. s. China . . 1807
sphoerïcûm. . . Wlute . . 5, S, Ev. s: . 1807
tetragonüm . White . . 6, H. A. India
ûstulàtûm • . .'White. . 6, S. A. Chile .
C a r a g a n a , a. B. Lambert, So called from carachana,
its name in Tartary. Linn. 17, Or. 4, Nat. Or.
Leguminosce. This is a handsome genus ; most of
the species are well adapted for shrubberies. A
sandy open loam is the best soil for them; they
are multiplied either by grafts, layers, or seeds.
Synonyines : 1. Robinia Aìtagana. 2. R, Caragana,
3. R. frutescens. 4. R. molHs-tomentosa,
Altagâna, 1 , . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1789
arborëscëns, 2 . Yellow . 5, H. De. T. Siberia . . 1752
inêrmîs . . . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1820
arenària . . . Yellow . 6, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1802
Chamlägü . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. China . . 1773
férûx . . . . Yellow . 6, H. De. S. Siberia .
frutêscêns . . . Yellow . 4, H. De. S. Siberia . ! 1752
grandiñorá . . . Yellow . 6, H. De. S. Iberia . . 1823
cubatá . . . . Yellow H. De. S. Sil^ria . . 1796
macracSnthä . . Yellow , 6, H. De. S. Siberia .
microphyllä . . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. Russia . ! 1819
mollis . . . . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. Tauria . . 1818
pygTuäÄ . . . Yellow . 5, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1751
CAR CAR
Redowslcl . , . Yellow
6, H. De. S. Siberia . .1827
spinosji . . . . Yellow
5, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1775
tragacantholdes . Yellow
5, H. De. S. Siberia . . 1816
C a r a g u a t a , Plumier, Its name in S. America. Linn,
6, Or, 1, Nat. Or. Bro7neliaceo2. An interesting
plant, but with no great beauty; for culture, &c.,
see Bromelia, Synonyme: 1. Tillandsia lingulata.
lingulatil . . . Yellow . 6, Epiphy. Jamaica . . 1795
C a r a l l i a , Roxburgh. From Carillie, the name of C.
lucid a in the Telinga language in Hindoos tan.
Linn. 11, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Rhizopkoraceie. An ornamental
stove tree, about twenty feet high, succeeding
best in a mixture of sandy peat and loam,
and may be increased from cuttings in sand, under
a glass.
laclda . . . . Yellow . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1820
C a r a l l u m a , R. Brown. Its Indian name. Linn. 5,
Or. 2, Nat. Or. Asclepiadaceoi, This succulent
genus of curious plants is allied to Stapelia; they
vary in height from one to two feet. The best soil
for them seems to be a mixture of loam and brick
rubbish. The pots require to be well drained, and
the plants cautiously watered, except about the
time of flowering, when they ought to have a
liberal supply. Cuttings root freely, if they are
allowed to dry before planted, till they begin to
shrivel.
adscendena, 1 . . Pink . . 7, S. Ev. S. E. Ind. , . 1804
crenulnta . . .Pa. yel, , S. Ev. S. E. Ind. , . 1829
fimbriatA . . .Pa. yel. . S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . .1829
umbellatil . . . Pink . . S. Ev, S. E. Ind. . . 1804
C a r a p a , Axiblet. From Caraipe, the Aame of C. guianensis
in Guiana. Linn. 30, Or. 1, Nat . Or. Meliacece,
A fine genus of stove plants, not common in collections
; they succeed best in loam and sandy peat
mixed, and are increased readily by cuttings in
sand, plunged in heat, under a glass.
guianensls . , . Yellow . S, Er. T. Guiana . . 1824
giiineensis, 1 . Yellow . S. Ev. T. S. Leone .1793
moliieeensls . ^ Yellow . S. Ev. T. E. Ind. , .1820
procera . . . . Yellow . S. Ev. T. W. Ind.
C a r a w a y , see Carum Carm.
Carbonized, burned to coal.
CardaminS, Linn. From kardia, the heart, damaSy
to subdue ; stomachic quality of the plants, or
perhaps a diminutive of kardamon, watercress, the
taste being similar. Linn. 15, Nat. Or. Cruciferce,
An interesting genus, of the simplest culture and
propagation.
amärä . . . . White. . 4, H. Her. P. Britain
asariiolïa . . . White . . 6, H. Her. P. Italy . • '1710
bellidiföliä. . . White. . 4, H. Her. P. Scotland ,
alpíná, 1 . White. . 4, H. Her. P. Austria . ! 1658
Chelidonïi . . . White. . 6, H. Her. P. Italy . . . 1739
glaücä . . . . White . . 6, H. Her. P. Calabria . . 1827
iatiföllä. . . . Purple . 6, H. Her. P. Spain . .
Siberia .
1710
macrophyllá . . Purple . 5, H. Her. P.
, 1824
pratensis . . . Purple . 4, H. Her. P. Britain .
plena . . . Purple . 4, H. Her. P.
thalictroidtìS . . White . . 6, H. A, . Piedmont 1818
triföliÄ . . . . White . . 5, H. Her. P. SwitzerL . , 1629
uliginosa . . . White . . 4, H. Her. P. Tauria . 1819
africand, alpind, chilensts, dentdtci, granulds(i,hirsfitd,
impdtienSy parviflOrd, pensylvanicd, pr ore pens, resedifolid,
rhomboidsd, rotundif^Ud, sylvdticd, umbrOsd,
C a r d i n a l s lower , see Lobelia cardindlis,
C a r d i n a l i s , principal, chief; scarlet.
Cardiospermum, Liniu From kardia, a heart, and
sperma^ seed ; in allusion to the shape of the seeds.
Linn. 8, Or. 3, Nat. Or. Sai^indacecs. The species
of this singular genus require to be sown in a hotbed
frame, or in the stove in any light soil.
eanescens . . . .8 , E. Ind. . . 1828
coluteoides . . . White. . 7,S. Et . d. Caraccas . 1818
Carlndiim . . . Wbt. grn, 7, S. A. Brazil . . 1750
grandifloriim . .White. . 7>S. Ev. CI. Jamaica . 1817
Halicilcfibtim . . Whi te. . 7, S. CI. A. India . . 1594
hirsfittlm . . . White. . 7, S.' Ev, CI. Guinea . , 1822
pubescens . . . Scarlet . 6,S. Ev. CI. N.Spain . 1823
Cardoon, see Cf/ndrd cardnncidfts.
Cardopatum, Jitssieu, Carduus, a thistle, and pafos,
beaten path; in allusion to the appearance of the
)lant, and the place it inhabits. LiniX. 19, Or. 1,
^S'at. Or, Composite'. An uninteresting herbaceous
plant, of simple cultivation, and is increased by
dividing the root—corymbdsftm-
CAR CAR
CardDngelus, Adanson. From the diminutive, carduncuhis,
of cardoon. Linn, 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or.
CompositcB, A genus of pretty herbaceous plants,
succeeding well in common soil, and increased by
dividing the roots. Synonymes : 1. Carthamus mitissimus,
2. C. cnrduncellus.
mitîssïmûs, 1 . .Blue . . 6, H. Her. P. France . .1776
vulgaris, 2 . . . Blue . . 5, H. Her, P. France . .1/34
Cábdüüs, Linn, From ard, in Celtic, meaning a
point, the plants being mostly spiny. Linn. 19, Or.
1, Nat . Or. Composites. A coarse, though somewhat
ornamental and numerous genus of plants, growing
from one to four feet high; they succeed in any
common soil, and are multiplied by seeds or divisions.
Synonymes
Carlina pyrenaica.
I. Onopordum deltoideum, 2.
alätüs . . .
âlbïdûs . . .
alpëstrïs . .
a tripli ciföliüS) 1
aräbiciis .
arctioîdês . .
argentätus .
Argemônë . .
c-findïcâns . .
carlinoefôlïùs .
carlinoldës, 2 .
cinërëûs . .
clavujatûs . .
coUïnûs. . .
corymbosiis .
crassiföliüs .
crispüs . . .
deflorâtûs . .
dûbïùs . . .
hamulôsùs . .
lannginösiis
leueânthus. .
leucôgràphûa .
macrocëphâlus
mèdms . . .
montosûs . .
nigrëscëns . .
nüiäns . . .
onopordioïdës .
orièntâlïs . .
parviflorus. .
peregrïnûs . .
Personátü . .
podacänthiis .
pycnocéplîâlûs
seminûdùs . .
uncinâtûs . .
volgëiisîs .
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Purple
Red .
, Purple
. Purple
. Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
, Purple
. Purple
, Purple
. Piirple
. Purple
. Purple
, Purple
. 7, H. B. . 1812
. 7, H. A. Tauria . . 1816
. 7, H. Her. P. Croatia . . 1805
. 8, H.Her. P. Siberia . . 1784
. 7, H. A. Arabia . . 1789
. 7, H. Her. P, Carniola . 1804
7, H. A. Egypt . . 1789
. 7, H.Her. P. Pyrenees . 1810
. 7, H. B. Hungary . 1805
. 7, H, B. Pvrenees . 1804
. 7, H. B. Pvrenees . 1784
. 7, H. A. Caucasus , 1818
. 7, H. A. Canaries . 182/
. 7, H. B. Hungary . 1818
. 7, H. B. Naples . . 1824
. 7, H.Her. P. • 1805
. 7, H. B. Europe . . 1804
. 8. H.Her. P. Austria. . 1570
. 7, H.Her. P, • 1816
. 6, H. B. Hungary . 1802
. 7, H. B. Armenia . 1820
. 7, H. A. Spain . . 1816
. 6, H. A. Italv . . 1752
. 7, H.Her. P. Numidia . 1827
. 6, H.Her. P. Piedmont . 1819
. 7, H. B. S. Eur. . . 1820
. 7, H. B. S.France . 1819
. 7, H. A, Britain . .
. 7, H.Her. P. Iberia . . 1818
. 7, H.Her. P. Iberia . .1804
. 7, H. Her. P. S. Eur. . . 1781
. 7, H. A. . 1816
. 7, H. B. Austria. . 1776
. 7, H. Her. P. France . .1819
. 7, H. Her. P. S. Exir. . . 1739
. 7, H. B. Caucasus , 1819
. 7, H. B. Tauria . .1817
. 7, H. A. Volga . . 1820
acanthoides, fenuiflörfis.
C a r e x , Linn. From carco, to want ; the upper spik^es
being without seeds. Linn. 21, Or. 8, Nat. Or,
CyperaceiB. This genus is extensive, and the specips
are uninteresting; part of them are natives of
n»arstiy situations, and a f ew do best on dry sandy
eminences; they seed freely, by which they are
increased. Synonymes: 1. C.scotica^ 2. C. straminea
—acuminata, acuta, dlbd, alpSstris, ambleocarpd,
ampulldced, änceps, angustiföl'iä, appressä, aqudtüis,
arenaria, atrdtd, axillaris, bicölur, binérvìs, brachysidchyä
brizoidès, bullätd, Buxbaümid, ccespitOsd,
capiUäris, chordorhizd, ciliätd, clandesilnd, collina,
conglobata, crinita, cürtd, curvüld, cyperoides,
Davailidnä, depauperdid, digitata, dioica, distäns,
divisa, divülsd, e/ongdtd, extensd, ferrvglnSd,Jldvd,
filiförmis,fimbriatd,ßexuösa,fSrrSd, fätidd, Fräser-
\dnd, fülvd,glareOsa, granuldris, hlrtd, hordeiförmis,
i?icürvd, intermedia, inversd, jiincèà, juncifólìd,
Icevigdtä, lagopodioides, leporina, leuco-glöchln, limösd,
lobata, loliäced, löngipes, leucörüm, Michelii,
Mielichrìféra 1, microstdchf/d, mucronata, multißörä,
muricdta, nemorösd, nitldd, norvSglcdy nutans,
(Ederìì; ovans,pallescen&, paludosa, punicea, paniculata,
paradöxd, paucißOrd, pendüld, phceostdckyä 2,
pilösa, piluìiférd, plantaginèd, podocdrpd, précOx,
pseüdö-cyperüs, pulicäris, pülld, pyrendicä, rariflörä,
re'cürvd, remötd, repens, rìgida, riparia, rösed,
rostrata, rupestrìs, salina, saxdHlis, schcevoides,
Schrebèri scopärid, secallnd, speirostdch^d, sphcerostäch^
ä, stellulatd, stenophyllà, stictocdrpd, stipata,
stramìnea, strictd, strigüsä, sylvdticd, tenèlld,
teretiüscüldy thuritigidicd, iomentösd, umbrösd, ustuldtd,
Vdhlii, vesicärid, vulpind.
C a r e y a , Roxburgh. In honour of the Rev. William
Carey, of Serampore, a distinguished botanist.
Linn, 16, Or. 8, Nat. Or. Myrtacece. C. herbacea
[ 63 1
C A R CAR
is a most splendid herbaceous stove-plant, of rather
difficult culture ; it must be grown in a mixture of
light loam and sandy peat, carefully watered at all
times, particularly in winter, and the pot properly
drained; and the mode of raising it is by dividing
the roots.
Red yel.
Red .
Red .
arborëâ .
h er bat-éá
spháricá
C a r g l l l ï a , R. Brown
M.D., of Aberdeen,
. S. Er. T.E. Ind. . .1823
. 7, S. Her. P.E. Ind. . . 1808
. S. Ev. S. E. Ind. . . 1803
In honour of James Cargill,
Linn. 23, Or. 2, Nat. Or.
Ebenacete. An interesting genus of greenhouse
plants, that succeed best grown in a mixture of
peat and open loam, and are increased by cuttings
in sand, or sandy soil, under a glass,
australis . . . G. Ev. Tl-N. Holl. .1816
laxa G. Ev. T. N. Holl. . 1827
CarTca, Linn. Erroneously supposed to be a native
of Caria,. Linn. 22, Or. 9, Nat. Oi\ Papayacex. The
plants of this genus are ornamental, and grow best
in loamy soil; full-grown cuttings root at once, if
the leaves are not taken off, planted in sand,undei
a glass, in heat.
cauliflörä
citriformïs
microcärpä
monolcá
Papaya .
pyrifôrmïa
spinö.sä, 1
Green .
AVht. grn.
AVht. grn.
Whi. grn.
Green .
Wht. gro.
S. Ev.
S. Ev.
S. E v.
S. Ev.
S. Ev,
S. Ev.
S. Ev.
Cara c cas
Lima
Caraccas
India
Guiana .
G'uiana .
1806
1820
1806
1818
1690
1823
1821
C a r i n a , a keel like that of a boat, also the lower
petal of a papilionaceous flower.
C a r í n a t e , keel-shaped.
C a r i n a t k l y - w i n g e d , having a wing like a keel.
C a r i n a t e l y - c o n c a v e , hollowed so as to resemble a
keel externally.
Cariopsis, a one-celled, smaU, indehiscent pericarp,
adhering to the seed which it contains, as the grain
of grasses.
C a r ï s s a , Linn. Derivation not known. Linn. 5, Or.
1, Nat. Or. Apucynaceoe. This is an ornamental
genus, the specie's attain from six to twenty feet
high, and to succeed well require a mixture of
peat and loam; and to grow in pots, should be
carefully drained, as the plants are impatient of
much water. Cuttings root freely in sand, under
a glass, in heat.
carandas . . . White, . 7, S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1790
lanceolatü . . . White . . 7, S. Er. T. N. HoU. 1822
ovâtâ . . . . White . . 8, S. Et . T. N. Holl. 1819
spinânlm . . . White . . 7, S. Ev. T. E. Ind. . . 1819
Xylopierôn . . White . . 7, S. Ev. T. Mauritius . 1820
C a r l i n a , Lin7i. Named after the famous Charlemagne,
whose army was cured of the plague by it.
Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Compositor. Interesting
plants, attaining from one to three feet high, and
succeeding well in garden soil ; they are easily increased
from seeds. Synonymes: I. C. sulphurca,
2, C, bracteata.
acanthifolïà .
acaûlïs . . .
caulëscêns .
aggregätti . .
Bieberstein i an ä
corymbüsä .
lanfitä . . .
lyrilta , . .
racemösä, 1
siculä, 2 . .
Simplex .
White.
White.
White .
White .
Yellow
Pv.iple
Yellow
White .
6, H. Her.
6, H. Her.
6, H. Her.
7, H, Her.
8, H. Her.
7, H. Her.
Ö,H.
6, G.
7, H.
7, H.
6, H. Her.
Carniola
ItalV ,
Switzerl,
Hungary
Caucasus
S. Eur.
A. S. Eur.
B. C. G. H.
A. Spain .
B. Sicily .
P. Hungary
1818
1640
1819
1804
1816
1640
1683
1816
1658
1827
1816
vulgaris,
C a r l i n r thistle, see Carlind:
C a r l o w i z i a , Mcench, After Carlo.wiz, some unknown
botanist. Linn, 19, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Compositoi.
This is a pretty greenhouse shrub, attaining
the height of three feet; it thrives best when
grown in sandy loam; cuttings root freely in sand,
under a glass. Synonyme: I. Onobroma salidfolium,
Ralicifüliá, 1 . . Yellow . 8, G- Ev. S. Madeira . 1784
Carludovíca, Ruiz and Pavon, Named in honour of
Charles IV. of Spain, and.Louisa his Queen, noble
patrons of botany. Linn, 21, Or. 9, Tí at. Or.
Cyclanthacece, These are ornamental low palmlike
plants; they grow best in a mixture of sandy
peat and loam, and are multiplied by suckers.