inclining ; the osseous part of the nose is much depressed, and
the nasal bones are much more curved than in the European :
the upper maxilla protrudes much, especially the part from one
incisor to the other; . the bones are thick and heavy in com«
parison with those of an European, and this is a character
which seems to be rather general. Wormian bones are
unusual; in the skull referred to there is one at the . lower
angle of the parietal and its junction with the occipital bone.
This skulLis certainly one possessing all the peculiar characteristics
of the race j but the skulls of many New Zealanders
in no way differ from those of Europeans. -
“ The colour of the New Zealanders is a light, clear brown,
varying very much in shade; sometimes it is even lighter than
that of a native of the south of Fiance : the nose is. Straight
and well-shaped, often aquiline, the ipouth generally large,
and the lips in many cases more developed than fhose of
Europeans : the eyes are dark and full of vivacity and .exprqs*
sion : the hair is generally black, and lank, or slightly curled:
the teeth are white, even, and regular, and last to ,cdd age >
the feet and hands are well-proportioned: the former,..being
uncovered, are in a healthy developement, and a Maori laughs
at our misshapen feet. As the New Zealanders often .use, the
second and great toes in weaving and plaiting the ropes of the
phormium, the toes are less confined than with us, and ,fliey;have
more command over the muscles. Their features are prominent,
but regular; the expression of the countenance quiet and
composed, shewing great self-command, and this is heightened
by the tattooing, which prevents the face from assuming, the
furrows of passion or the wrinkles of age; their physiognomy
bears no sign of. ferocity,. but is easy, open, and pleasing.
Some of the natives have hair of a reddish or auburn colour,
and a very light-coloured skin. I may also mention here, that
I have, seen a perfect xanthous variety in a woman, who had
flaxen hair, white skin, and blue eyes ; not perhaps a half-
caste, but a. morbid variety, as was proved by the extreme
sensibility of her visual organs, her rather pallid appearance,
and her age; on her cheeks the skin was rather rough and
freckled. The natives who live near the hot sulphurous waters
on the borders of the Lake of Roturua have the enamel of
their teeth, especially i)ï the front teeth, yellow, although this
does Uot impair their soundti^sSf and fe the efffect, probably,
of the corroding qualities' of the! thermaly wafers; In a Skull
which I possess of a cliiëf of that 'tribe; the last incisor and the
canine toóth sbé^,fWheff'::théy! JoM Ib g ^ e f, a! semilunar
fiicisiOri. This is the case in both the ttppêé and lower maxillae,
but more’sérin f he fq ip r^ It is perhaps*«iade with an instrument,
or * is occasioned by* the• Cönstaht' Use of the pipe;
“ The second; race has undoubtedly a different origin. This
is proved ‘ by theft1 less regularly shaped OtUnwtii, which is
rather more compressed from thè sideS/ by their full and large
pfOminUht cheek-borres, full Hps^Suhk‘ëUfs/Cö% and
coarse, although’ not woolly hair, a much deeper colour of the
skin, and a shdrt and rath^ifl-ptd^^oÉéÖ’^ ^ ö ^ ^ This Ktce,
which is mixed in insensible gradation&wMv the ‘former, is far
island, nor dóes it occupy any particular SMioff m a tribe, and
,therë! is* no difference'made betWéêffl thé^^iWó^ #UOeUfUfeongiit
themselves'! but I must désBrve that I öWerftiC? With-Utty njëfi
of MisequenCe belongfeg to this rice, and that,'although free
men,: théy Occupied th i!;,Io#er grades? from this we' may
perhaps infer the relation in which the^ s^obd i të'thë feUfliest
native immigrants into thé country, althoUgH’ theiê' tfaBttióUs
and legends arftsilënt on the sfibjtect. 1
“ From the existence of two races ih3New ‘Zealand the coft-
clusion might be drawn that the darker
prietórs of the soil, anterior to thU- arrival Of a- stock of true
Polynesian origin,—that they were Conquered - by the latter,
and nearly exterminated. This opinion has been-entertained
regarding all Polynesian islands, bnt I muit obServéthat it
is very doubtful whether those differences which We Observe
amongst the natives of New Zealand are really due to such a
source. We find similar' varfetieS in all Polynesian istends, and
it is probable that they are a consequence of thé difference of
castes so extensively spread amongst theiUhabitants of the
islands of the Great Ocean. If one part Of thé population of
,New Zealand were a distinct race,—a fact which cannot be
denied as regards Other isMffs,-^it ik verf curi'MI that there
should be no traces of such a blending in the language, in which
K 2