especially the Phoca Marisa. Birds abounded in the forests,
which contain S several new ;1 tribes/ particularly a 1 dwarf
species resembling the- Gasoary/ which has received the 'geuerib
name ofApterix; it is called Kiwi by the natives,wh#:hunt
it On the sidesuof :the mountain Ikou-kangur-with flambeaux
and dogs.* It would seem that, while the organisation * of
warm-blooded animals ^received in Australia- a particular
tendency to the developement of the marsupial tribe»,; it was
directed in New Zealand to that of birds. It was there that
the gigantic ostrich lived.! in times long antecedent to the
arrival of men, who probably brought dogs and.rats-from some
distant country.
The people of New Zealand call themselves Maori, Indigenæ*
Aborigines, or “ Tangata Maori,” indigenous men. They call
other people “ Pakea,” which means a stranger : the Australians
are termed by them “ Pakea Mango,” which means-a black
stranger.f* Me are informed that they have no proper?epithet
for their country, and that-the names given to these two inlands
are merely the designations of particular distri^ts/ of whi ch thé
meaning has been misunderstood.^ As in other Polynesian
islands the population in New Zealand is divided into different
classes. The highest class are the Rangatiras, nobles or possessors
of the soil: the Tangatas are men of the people without
landed property, who follow the chiefs to battle, and employ
themselves in fishing, hunting, and the cultivation of thé soil.
The slaves, or Taorekas, or Taua-neha-reha, are occupied in
servile drudgery : § they are either captives taken in war or
such of th eChildren as are born in slavery; || The principal * §
* DumontD’Urville, ceuv. cit. .
t Trayeb in%New Zealand, by^Dr. Dieffenbach, vol.Ji,
X This is the opinion of Mr. WnliL commander of the late Exploring
Expedition of thé Ünited' States.
These naméë arè, accotdirig tb DumontD'Urvillë, who proposed to correct
the orthography, of Codk, Tawaï-Poünamoa, and Ika-na-Maui. The former,
which is the; .southern; island, is. named f c o m j k e t f Lake -of Gr^en^jade,” a
substance ^hich theye, the Jatter iMmeineanftke “Tish pf Mawi.”
A superstitiouà notiop induces the natives tp compare this island to a fish.
Maui is, it seems, the name which they ascribe to the patriarch of their race.
§ Narrative of the tThited Sfetes Exploring Voÿaige.
io Dr. Dieffenbach.
person |in each tribe is -the! Orihi, who ii® always a Rangatira.
His dignity is hereditaryboth in 'thé male and female line.
The authority o f a chief isnquite undefined/ and depends principally
don < his- personal imfiuëhéftjéhr * prowess^ There- is an
hereditary priesthoods The priests or Tötaungasi»are linten*
ipretersof the gods. They are believed t© foretell events* cure
diseases?icaJrmstorms.-and wind Si M. D’HrvilleLbought them
not merely!jugglers:.he discovered .that--some ■ óf themj really
believe themselves possessed; of the miraculohspowers ascribed
tëthem. Independently of the divisi^of ranks^riifeinba|fif£i»ls
are- dividedinta -a -great number- of tribes/: who live i dispersed
over the, country both on the coastvand thej interior. Indeed
almost all powerful families have f heir^own dhaigUfttm^ • -i The
tribes: are enumerated by Dr. Dieffenbachj nëarly sa», followsJ»;
between; i North ?Qapel and - the j35th
degTeef-of ^ . L. They have broken up pr fakgny^ islave»! the
tribe /of llaupouri, s a once powerful -people, wbo hadv.their
chiefr^position on. the. northern coast.BffQQ/is eupposed to
be i the number: of this tribes r.< i
>2.-Nga«paiand Ngaite-poa, trikes of the Baybffólpjdsiand
Ilokianffa. - (Twelve thousands of '!TV' "•'■■(D. ;yf‘ this tribeiMé iUnder idi^hrePt
missionajriesih they have. ^QOO, mens ca^akk-ef fegEtriifg armfei j
i 3. Nga^te^whatua* in the. gulf «of Knipara and Waifeemata.
Thep ?numberi has dwindled of.late t o .U b p u f s o
4. Ngaete-paoa, comprising, the NgaKe^M&r u, the*;:Hga.-té?
Tamatera, and the!Nga-te-Wanaunga..g Though diipni^feedv
wars,- they are stiff'about 5QQ0i., Tl^y ffveiat WaihosorThamea»
..,5. By far the largest tribe are ithmWuikatihj they comprise
eighteen subdivisions, most'of which resides ;on, thé .» river
Waikato. These are the tribe» who have’1 preserved most of
their pristine valour : they occupy most’W New'Zealand,, and
have driven numerous tribes into ’ ^öjinlyy ',p$ar Cook?p
Straits. The Waikato tribes, are QQlleptayeiy akléapt 24,000
people, and they b r i n g - .m e n intmfhc Jeld.k
6.' Nga-te-awa, divided into two portions.»; One; occupies
both sides óTGöbk’s StraitsY'the óthè'f liVes on thëéaèt coast
of the northern island. The Taranaki Nga-tq-awa on'Cook’s
Straits have a tradition that.they deseeded from thppe on the
east coast. The former are aivided- into a great number of