
 
        
         
		of the  ancientPom&ns,  attest  the  power  ;and  the policy ,;of  
 the. sovereigns1 of Cüsc@|  whose  subjectshad CMfranged ïfbe  
 habits; of th e ’ÉèreebwBteivföi^fhé'cjaiët'ïeffiJileyiöéiSf ntflfc^ri*'  
 emlturé and  mamifaöturesö  In  theie  ^»laSns^  which they irrigated  
 by danateund fertilised hymeahsnof artificial Tn*&ntireS,#  
 they-  cultivated  ’extensively  the« quinea- and  feb 'pötêtö,'  ’ a  
 native ■ plant  bfdheir mountains^ ' whidi writh  the inaizê Wërë  
 the  stapte of  theiriisustenasee.u Thei/woöïlerr marmfimturés  
 were.' eomparabte to feefihest fabricsidf Europe'f feeyhWdtkëd  
 with elegassceithe 'prëeiouh'metaïs; ! they calödlatëd ftkë dura1-  
 tion rqf tbes solar y ^ rq   they cultivated Writh the roosfcartifieM  
 system  of JsêiBfbiBatóon^ their «graceful' and 'teartiionMhS^an-  
 ghagfe^ im which Peru viam orators^ swayed1 In public! feaVahaguéë  
 thé5 paSsiotas  d f1 thé1 multitu<M  iffhe''nearest  ié]^iVë%fl3ftïè  
 reigning* Ined was£lhêlhlgh«pffesfcy Who* Offered up1 thé ripeai^d  
 fruits^  of  the ®earthy1;and1 2oiï Stated11 oëcaSiëfiS*sétèrifiëëd *xtMi  
 llama,  the  Only  bloody  vietim6devoted  by  thé  mild ' superstition  
 of this race. 
 A  striking  contrast  to-‘the-^^toplev^£K;e!0fr>the «PéïWtlfrrfs  
 was to be seen  théhturdy inhabitants o f tfe ;6hiliab Ad4elS, 
 the heroic Araöcanös,  the  Spartöiis ' ofiSouth' America,  who1,  
 despising’= agrieültöré  and  thé  atitSmf peaêei^dte^étèd^feöft  
 selvèsH©  the pursuits' óf !war.  r(Thëy haüëdièvëfyididëd^Bé4-  
 diëhce tb ! theJ anöfëS" óf  Spains151 Thëir  ètópldymèntJW^s  fhè  
 ehasër’tfréy'fed öh the  flesh  of the animals th a t sbeëariïë!théir  
 prey.  Their  daring mnd  Chivalrous  advëhtüïes11 havé drawn  
 praises fróte  their énethiës]* from5 whose gfeafer  numbers  and  
 diseiplinmthey'bavfe j^0ught  rëfugé hi''inacëéSsible mountains  
 or1 By spfeadihgi JthemëèlVesrëvér  the  tast’ ’champaigix  Which  
 extends  l t d e a s tw a r d   of  thé  Cordillera.  Défeh'déd,f'by  
 their stormy ^sëas'and'  barren  rocks,  the Pesherais and1. Other  
 natiVësDf thmMagëllanic'islands maintain their  savage  ihdé-  
 pencleneeir‘  Thé ƒ 'éëareely1 clothe  themselves  tinder  a Wintry  
 elhBatê'in the Skins3'èf*’êedtó,  and  feed on fish,'or in  times ‘Of 
 * Garcilasso de la Vega informs us th^t the  ancient Peruvians  used  to  prq-  
 cure  for the  fertilisation  of  their  soil  a  peculiar material‘produced  from  the  
 dung of water-fówl.  He  says that  they  termed it  “ Gv&ap.”—Garcilasso de  
 la Vega, Royal Commentaries^ book v. Chap. 3. 
 Spat^rilyipndije bodies of their agediparerats.  »They are* .the* last  
 ipprqsqnfatives  ©f^ithc iAlpno Ofe.mily-->af. sAmerio.au ynations>  
 and. the, most degraded) o f t he hum am rao e </..»Th e P  atagonian s  
 wanderfWife. droves.ofiiiof’soSioMr their; arid plains«MsThey tare  
 a parfeiof iitteigtóat familyiWihnj undf^ithet*®mm©;<rf  Pheleh^  
 wn^fe^nfierlyjSpïieadrfrfimdthir^iyèfvcrfi'SMveni'tO'the; JWagei*  
 lanic §fehsy:Pndr, by  l-a4ê^wiitemr^re»jsnppbsed to* be, related  
 on^rOnetiMdSitfe^lt^wAraéëanie^w/siai^rjonri the •Qthëast©  fee  
 miaerohlo« Pe^l^paisci Hhe-seagtern • d&eliiride^fdvdbe j Peruvian  
 apdfiP^lsviansAndeévfrdmt feej-feii?tie©nfeft(oxfe©'>aev©m€onfe  
 degrnei f^ofcc^trdheraii f latitude®! jamid a abrupt?  precipitous 
 mountains»  wfeereidm deèfb(a^ir^hyfyuileyöjar>¥igf®ouB tand  
 f a displayed,  is  the ^ é ém  of  5fe§  
 Aptisiap tribes,  s%nam^bfn th$>^thQ$tyri©f ifee tJi^oajgrjGa#-*' 
 fep; ibapks 
 pfjjmpumiaip^sfrjeainsr^^diiamid^ritheiidai^^fas jj^f  primeval  
 %§0si^,ifeft Antisian itpheshao^uwadYfeOse  na^difioatioiaftiöf  
 eh araetere which  distinguishthem  from  fee-? Qjiiekafsoand  
 Aymaraherdiman^^h^opifee ptddrjand^l^py mountain^  of  
 Pepsudivftpf^^n^hly^Otfeo producrbof -their  tillage and  their  
 flock sv^midstftho rumsbof^apeignti civilisation; and;mopimio?ks 
 qf, feeir^i^iopal^loCT. +aA p§rtiof |h§ Aqtisjap-natipusubaye 
 embrnnadtiC'hript^.nityii  a part rpmain, s^aggsp gjn fee-eaeb- 
 §^n  .parts,  of, ,§pufe  Amm'icajp.the  iwarlfkej^Caril^ea-jfhad  
 e%0te4B§qpq!ia#i^%i(iftffh%/inferio.raitand!  thadripo^uipiedafe^  
 Antibes*/ called from  feeip. iQarfefeeap (Jsl§&<,bgfQ^a(fee erp,; of  
 feet conquest.  . Id fee .opinioq^iPuiQpoldf -ahdi  qfeorpipaany  
 natjopg ,qf ,ygrioua;|iabita  spread qver.ifee.qoast/on tbotb -sides  
 of; the  pripokp 1 arp rrallipd  to /the . )Qarfbbean  v¥©r-y 
 diffei'ent in character, from feem iwer^hqifd§§ q^fen^upia11 or 
 fruaranian race>,byffarife© 
 America,  vfeo, spreaddh§ffiae|Y§8dB')?nparate«horde^(amidifee  
 forests of  Brasil and  Paraguay,,’ipf  untries they 
 K^ece .fee principal inhabitants.  Thojidqntdy pf speqfeganrong  
 these  wandering  bands  is  the  proof  of  a  commoa  origin,  
 which otherwise Would  not  be  believed;  The abodes  of  the  
 Guarani  are  open 11 spaces  ïïl'  the  mid'st'öf ^athlesk'  forests,  
 wher'e they  d\yell,  a  ^^4.  cultivate 
 maize  and  beans  and  gourds  and  yams  and. manipcq  they