B y the road-fide before ■ you come to the town, is a, fountain,
in the wall on . the left - hand, fuppliedprobably: by the fame
fpring as the well once in the temple of .Neptune j for the water
defcends from the acropolis, and is not fit for drinking. Farther
on is a ftatue of Ifis inferted in the wall on the right hand j a
fuined church j and the gateway o f the out-work next the town.
W e {hall turn up on the right, and keep in the out-lkirt, on the
fide o f the hill.
T h e Athenians permitted the Pelalgi, who fortified the
acropolis, to dwell beneath, and bellowed on them a portion c£
land to cultivate,; as a. reward for their labour, Afterwards,,
.they acoufed them of a ponfpiracy, and of way-l^yjng their Ions
and daughters, who went fpr water to the fountain called
;Enneacrunus> drove them out o f Attica, $n£ execrated jthu
fpot on which they bad lived, making it unlawful to dig,,
or. fow, or build there j the tranfgrejfors tQ he apprehended,
carried before, the archon, apd fined., I t wa§; the, advice
o f the Delphic oracle, that the pelalgicon fhould be kept
rough and naked j but, pn the invafion by the Bejopqnqefiaps,
the people flocking into the city, that f p o twi th the ggteggn&L
except a few which fhould not be forced op^n, and the,towers o f
the long walls, received inhabitants. The pelalgicon,probably
comprehended the acclivity, or vacant fpace,( on this^de above
the houfes, which now produces grain; and perhaps it, >yas for?
bidden to be occupied for the fecurity o f the fortrefs, which .on
that quarter was moft liable to bcffurprized by treachery, or
carried by affault. Some large fingle rocks, which lie there, and
have rolled down from above, difparted by their pwp yveight, or
the violence of earthquakes, are, it is likely, thofe called anti-
eptly the long rocks and mentioned as near the cave of Apollo
.and Pan.
T he hill of the acropolis is more abrupt and perpendicular,
as well as narrower, at the extremity or end oppofite to the
■ The pelafgicon is miftaken for a tesnple by the interpreter of Thucydides, 1. 2.
propylea
propyléa.-' There, beneath" the wall,- is acaverrt, the roofting-
place of' epow-s -and daws-. A long fcaffold was {landing againft
the opltfide qf the fprtrefs above, and many large {tones had
fallen- down. Ope was inferibed and contained a decree o f the
tribe > named PantJiQnis. In-this record, Nicias is praifed and
honoured with a crown, becaufe he had obtained a vifitory with
a chörul .«firboys at the Diopyfi,a; Or feftival o f Bacchus, and
with pne of men at the Thargelia or feftival o f Apollo s and *it
is ordered,, that i f any other perfon had conquered, fince the
archonfhip of Euclid, either with boys or men, at the feftival s-
specified, his name {hould likewife be engraved; ' and that the
fqbfequêrct curators {hould add the names o f fuch as proved
vfiStoriöus, while they were in office; Religion furniflied
Athens with a great variety of ipedtacles and amufements. The
feftivMk* Were celebrated with’ gymnic exercifes, mufic, and-
plays. The public' fometimes defrayed the expénfe o f the
chorufes, but that burthen was commonly laid upon rich citi—-
zens, who had'attained to the age o f "forty years. Rewards
were propofed" far fuperior excellence^ and the victory was
eagerly defired. The glory of individuals'Tefledlfed luftre on the
community, to whichi they belonged; and thé tribes were
emulöus^to^ftirpafs each othef: It was af TplferMid contention, thfe
parties vying in the difplay o f fpirit andgeherófity. ’ T he con-
qüérbrsr were diftinguiftied and applauded, and their names
regiftered on marble. The archonlhip of Euclid èoirtëïdes with
the fecond year of the ninety fourth Olympiad % and was ah
jera in the chronology of Athens.
W é próceëd’ now to th e fide óf' the acropolis1, which is»
toward' mount Hymettus, reaving the Idwn, whidh 'before*
extended beneath oh our left into the plain. The Hill, nea’r
this end, is indented with the fite o f the theatre o f Bacchus, by.
which is a folitary church or two. This was a very capacious-
edifice, near the moft antient temple of Bacchus, and adorned:
j Before Chrift, 401.
with