Tigris, its course to Diyar Bekr, 13,14
-------------from Diyar Bekr to ’Osman Keiu,
15,16
, true, the Diyar Bekr branch, 17
, comparison of the two branches, 17
, trunk breaks through the Kurdistan
range, 17, 18
receives the Bitlis chai (probably the
second Nicephorius of Xenophon), 18
, three branches compared, 19
, course through Jebel Judi, and to
Jezireh-ibn-’Omar, 19
, receives the Khabur, 20
, course to Eski Mosul, and Mosul, 20,
21 , course and tributaries from Mosul to
Baghdad, 21-31
, course to the entrance of the Hai, 31-
36
, valley of, 37
| rafts on, 32
•----- , breadth, &c., of, 32
, course from the Hai to Kurndh, 36—
38
, floodings of the, 38, 39
, discharge of the, 39
■■ authorities consulted. 39
, districts, taxes of, 257
, plains, fertility of, 272
— Little, or Dujeil, 28, 29, 30
Tih, El, desert (near Palestine), 655
Til, village (on the Upper Tigris), 18
Tilbus, island and ruins (below ’A’nah), 53
Tin, *AIn-el-, or Capernaum, 477
Tirahn, island (in the Red Sea), 570
Tireh, town (in A'idin district), 309
Tirhoot, or Taroot, island (near Bahrein),
649.
Tiris Ma’den, mines (near lake Soghlah,
, Koniyeh eyalet), 346
Titus, valley and hill of (at Jerusalem),
496
Tium, ruins (at the estuary of the Filiyas
river), 322
Tlos, valley of the Xanthus, 340
Tobbai, an ancient people, 659, 660
Tojik Tagh (in the Taurus), 293
Tokaillah, island (in the Red Sea), 571
Tdkariz, district and town (on the slope of
Taurus Proper), 350
Tokat, plain (eastward of the Lower Halys),
8
, town and valley, 272, 295, 301
— s6, or Iris, 295
Tokatli, a’yanlik of (in Kastamuni), 330
Tokharistan, taxes of, 258
Tokhmah-su, presumed to be the ancient
Curamus or Melas, 44
, or Melas, valley, and affluent (of the
Euphrates), 44, 292, 300
Tolistobogi, people (of Galatia), 332
Tomanji Tagh, ancient Tmolus (in Sultan
Oni), 332
Toorfah, Ras (Red Sea), 570
Tortosa (Tartous), 453
, climate of, 534
Tosiyah, vale and town (westward of the
lower Halys), 5, 329
, river, 330
Touchanli Tagh (branch of the Taurus),
294
Touriane, river (of Sliirvan), 137
Tourkhal, valley (on the Tok&t-su), 295
Towailah, bazar and fortress (in Kaukeban,
district of Yemen), 616 #
Trachea, now Western (or Rugged) Cilicia,
294, 352
Trachonites, now El Ledja, district (of the
Haouran), 504, 521
Tralles, city (of Lydia), 311
Travano, cape (in Bafia sanjaklik), 458
Trees and shrubs of Arabia, 591, 592
Tremala, town (in Mentesha), 341
Tremili, remains of ancient Tremilae (in
Hamid district), 341
Trionyx of Arabia, 589 and Appendix
Tripoli, 4
, of Syria (Tarabolus), district of, 449-
456
, river and estuary of, 450
—■—, plain of, 452
| town, ancient history of, 455, 456
■-----, sugar cane first noticed at, 456
, castle of, 456
, town, ancient divisions of, 455
, description of, 455
:, district, products of the, 456
, climate of, 456, 534
, silk produced there, 537
Tripolis, ancient city in Lydia, 311
Troemi (people of Galatia), 331
Trousc (a Tartar dialect), 135
Troy, plains, &c., of, described, 316» 317,
318
site of, 317
Tschubbet-el-Meneitene Mitaulis (district of
Tripoli), 454
Tsippori, or Dio Caesarea, now Sufurieh
(in Galilee), 463
Tubbus, town (of Khorassan\ 223
Tuchi, district (of Telao), 154
, population of, 157
Tueym, El, 628
Tuheishmeh, Wadi-el- (in Judea), 488
Tukam, valley (in Hadramaut), 637 _
Turneyr, in El Sedeir (district of Nedjd),
628
Tunai, river (of Kastamuni), 328
Tunan, Ras Wadi, cape (in the Red Sea),
570
Turaberan, or Dureperan, district (of Armenia),
102
Turan, language (probably Aramaic), 84
Turbut, town (of Khordsan), 223
Turcomania, plain of, 77
Turkman-chai, treaty of, 130 (note)
Turkoman camel, a mule breed, 553, 584
Turkomans, where found, and strength,
250
, tents of the, 368
-----»customs of the, 368
! ------, dress and arms of the, 374
Turkomans, occupations of the, 374
, descent and character of the, 374,375
of Syria, tents described, 551, 552
, habits of the, 552
, manufactures and dyes of the, 552
, agriculture of the, 552
Turks resort to tents in Asia Minor, 368
, tents of the, described, 368
• ■ , houses and bazars, 369
, k&rvanserais, 369
, kMns, 369
, baths, 370
, mosques, 370
—— , bad qualities attributed to the, 376
-, present habits of the, 376
, personal appearance of the, 376
, indolent habits of the, 377, 379
, conduct of the, to the rayahs, 377
, employment of the, 377
, modern dress of the, 377
, condition of their women, 378
, their gentleness to children and animals,
378
, polygamy permitted by the, 378
, procrastination of the, 379
, their conduct to the conquered, 379
■, their piety, manners, &c., 379
, religion of the, based on the Koran, 379
, summary of their character, 379
1 , mining by the, in 1570, 459
of Syria, furniture, &c., 554
------------, food and social state of the, 554
---------- ■, government, &c., of the, 554
Turmeda of the Syrians, the Tipsah of the
Hebrews, and Thapsacus Zeugma, now
El Hamm am, 416
Turnuk, affluent (of the Helmand river),166
167
Turquoise, or A’-bu-Is-hakf, 76
Turshiz, town (of Khorasan), 223
Tus, district, taxes of, 258
Tuz-Goli, or Tuz Choli, or Tuzlah, salt
lake (at the north-eastern extremity of
Koniyeh eyalet), description of, 290, 346,
347
, formerly Palus Tattaeus, 347
— — Khurmati, tributary (of the Hermas),
30 *
■ Kdf, salt mines (near Tuz-Goli),
347, 348
Tyana, ruins, now Kiz Hisar, 348
Tyanitis, ancient, now district of Ka'isari-
yeh, 348
Typhon, river, now El ’A’si (branch of the
Orontes), 394
Tyre, Truz, or Sur, description of, 480
——, ancient remains, 480
—— , population of, 480
Tyrian ladder, 464, 481
Tyrina, island, now Kishm, 231
Tzan, Tell, village, and affluent (of the
Sajur), 419
U’ch Kilisa, group (of the Anti-Taurus), 68
, convent of, 147
Uddas,well (in El-Kassym, district of Nedjd),
629
Ujmt (Ain-el-Hawra), source of the river
Barrada, 502
U’leh-Sheiván, mountains (in Tarábuztín
district), 289
------------, village in, 307
Ulguz Tágh (part of the northern Taurus),
328
Ullah, Beit, once called El-Belkat (House of
God), (at Mekkah), 603
Umk, plain of (in Aleppo district), 407
I soil of, 535
Ummu-l-Huntah (in the Lower Euphrates),
37
Unieh (Oenoe), town and port (of Tarábuziín
district), 307
U’r, in Babylonian, now Kal’ah Shirkat (on
the Upper Tigris), 25, 93, 116
, in Upper Mesopotamia, now O’rfah,
114, 115.
Ura Baba (Peak of the Taurus), 293
Urd-abad, district (in the Aras), 9,144
, climate of, 145
, rivers of, 145
, five magals in, 145
, capital town, same name, 145
, inhabitants of, and their occupations,
145
, population of, 145
, magal of, 145 *
chá’í (tributary of the Aras), 9
Urf, superior courts (of the Persians), 233
U’rfah, or O’rfah, city, 49, 111, 114, 115
Urghand-ab (affluent of the Helmand river,
in Afghanistan), 166
Urghesaun (affluent of the Helmand river),
166
Urgul, excavations (north-east of Argaeus),
291, 365
Urlinjah sú, tributary (of Saihim), 298, 299
Urumiyah, lake of, 22, 67, 77, 97, 141, 189,
219, 220
, town, supposed to be the birth-place
of Zoroaster, 220
Usbek, country, or Zagaty (in Má-wera-1-
nahr), 173
Uscheyker, town (in El Woschem, district
of Nedjd), 629
Ushák, town and carpet manufactory of (in
Kermiyán eyalet), 334
Ushnei, town (in Azerbaiján), 220
Uskúb, once Prusa-ad-Hypium (in Bólí district),
323
Uswiíd, Rás-ul (near Jiddah), 570
Uti, or Oudi, province (of Armenia), 101
Yagharshabad, ancient city, now Echmi-
yadzin, 147
, cathedral, &c., of, 147
Váhí, district (of Imiretia), 149
Ván, lake, 22, 43, 67, 77, 96, 99, 102
—■ - , town of, 120
| scenery of, 272
Vasbouragan, or Vaspuracan, province (of
Armenia), 102
Vaspurcania, city (of Armenia), 102
Vezír Khán, or Agrilium (south-east of
Isnik), 323