of 5 wasks (35 lbs. weight). Nothing was to be paid if the
ground was not naturally fit for cultivation, and only half the
kheraj was to be paid if it was watered by wheels and Kanats.
The following is an abstract from the statistical tables of
the land tax of the Sowad and other provinces, as given by
Ibn Khordadbeh; but it is probable that the sums include the
capitation as well as the land tax.
The country about Kufah. is divided into 12 districts, as
follow:—
*i umber
of Villages.
Heaps
of Un thrashed
Corn.
Korrs1 of
Wheat.
Korrs1 of
Barley.
Ready Money
in Dirhems.
I.—District Holwan.
Containing 5 municipalities . . 1,800,000
II.—District Sad Hormiz (east o f the
Tigris).
Containing 7 municipalities . j 34 722 9,400 7,500 950,000
III.—District Sadikbdd.
Containing 7 municipalities . . . 22 354 11,600 3,800 960,000
IV.—District Narakhan Khorru.
Containing 5 municipalities. . . . •7 8,500 4,000 930,000
V.—District Sabar or Kesker.
Containing 4 municipalities* . . •
According to Ibn Khaldun they paid in
the reign of Maimun
. . 3,000 20,000 70,000,000
11,600,000
V I.—District Sad Behmen.
Containing 4 municipalities. • ••
VII.—The District of the Euphrates and
Tigris.
Containing 4 municipalities. . . . 35 965 9,800 4,400 1,750,000
V III.—District Ardeshir Yadkan.
Containing 5 municipalities. • . 48 22 10,700 12,750 303,050
IX.—District Yumistan or Ez-Zuwdr.
Containing 3 municipalities. . . . 12 244 1,400 7,200 150,000
X.—District Upper Behkobad.
Containing 6 municipalities . . 43 787 3,100 4,200 544,000
XI.—District Middle Behkobad.
Containing 4 municipalities. . . . ; 18 735 2,700 1,700 400,000
X II.—District Lower Behkobad.
Containing 5 municipalities. . . . 17 468 6,750 5,500 135,000
1 One Korr is equal to 7100 pounds.
The districts of the Tigris, together, paid 8,500,000
dirhems.
Kufah with its environs belonged in 358 a .h ., when Ibn
Haukal visited this city, to the diwan of Baghdad, and paid
30.000.000 dirhems a year as kheraj. Under Maimun, the
kheraj amounted to 37,780,000 dirhems, and there were,
besides, 14,800,000 dirhems of other duties.
Basrah paid in the same year (358) 6,000,000 dirhems.
According to Ibn Khaldun, the country between Basrah
and Kufah paid to Maimun 10,700,000.
Hirah, when first conquered by Khaled, paid 80,000 dirhems
land tax ; and the male inhabitants amounted to 7000,
of whom 6000 paid the capitation tax.
The tribute of all the Sowad, at the time of the Khosroes
Kobad, amounted to 150,000,000 dirhems; at the time of
Omar ben Khattab, to 120,000,000 dirhems; in the reign of
Abd-ullah ben Said, to 135,000,000 dirhems; under Hejaj
ben Yusuf, to 18,000,000 dirhems, into which do not enter
100.000.000 which were raised illegally; under Omar ben
Abd-el-Aziz, the province paid 124,000,000 or 120,000,000
dirhems ; under Ibn Hobeira, 100,000,000 dirhems; and
under Yusuf ben Omar, 170,000,000 dirhems. Abu Yusuf
(fol. 18, recto) states, that the kheraj of the Sowad did not
amount to more than 1,000,000 dirhems previously to the
death of Omar ben Khattab, but this must be a fault of the
transcriber.
Holwan, 30,000,000 dirhems, and 12 slave boys : or, by
another account, 4,800,000 dirhems.1
Rai, 10,000,000 dirhems : or 12,000,000 dirhems, and
20,000 rotls (pounds) of clarified honey.1
Kumis, 1,170,000 dirhems: or 4,500,000 dirhems, and
1000 plates of silver,1
Jorjan, 10,170,000 dirhems: or 12,000,000 dirhems, and
1000 balls of silk.1
1 Ibn Khaldiin.—’(MS. of the British Museum, 9574, fol. 162, verso.)
From this author the second numbers are taken as often as there are two
accounts of the taxes of a district; whilst the first, and generally those which
have no second numbers, are given on the authority of Ibn Khordadbeh.
VOL. I. g