A veiy common plant in the Southern Hemisphere, and also found in various parts of Eiu-ope, as at Hamburg
and in Spain, at the Cape of Good Hope, South Brazil, Australia, and Tasmania.—Smooth everywhere. Stems succulent,
creeping, branching, ascending, 2-10 inches long. Leaves scattered, 4-2 inches long ; petiole amplexicaul, often
dilated into a broad sheath, lobed or toothed; lamina lanceolate or obloug, variously cut, lobed, toothed, or piuna-
tifid. Heads 4-7 i^^ch broad, terminating the long, slender, naked, scape-like ends of the branches. Floi'ets of the
circumference with long stalks and broadly-wiuged achenia, which are covered with loug glandular hairs on the
inner face ; the wing bifid at the top, and enclosing the style.
2. Cotula australis, Hook, fil.; tenella, pilis laxis subsericea v. glabrata, foliis petiolatis oblongis pin-
nat^dis lobis linearibus subacutis bipiunatifidisve segmentis integerrimis, caulibus apice longe nudis gi’aci-
libus scapiformibus, capitulis parvis, involucri sub-2-seriati squamis membranaceis glaberrimis, flosculis
radii 3-seriatis stipitatis disci paucis, aclieniis radii obovatis late alatis ala crassiuscula apice bifida v. in
tubum brevissimum producta. Strougylosperma australis, DC. Frodr. xiucyclus australis, Sieber, Flant.
Exsiec. An Cotula microcephala, DC., et C. sororia, DC., Drege in Hook. Herb. ?
Ha b . Northern and Middle Islands; in waste places, frequent, Cunningham, etc.
This also is a common plant in Australia, Tasmtania, aud New Zealand, and, if I do not mistake, is identical with
a Cape of Good Hope species also, of which I have not examined ripe fruit. The genus Strongylospemna, to which
De Candolle refers it, is founded upon Sieber’s Ancyclus australis, of which I have examined authentic specimens,
identical with this New Zealand plant. I do not find them to have rayed flowers with narrow ligulæ, as De Candolle
states. Carl Koch, in the ‘Botanische Zeitung’ (vol. i. p. 39, January, 1843), refers Strongylosperma to his
genus Pleiogyne, and distinguishes it from Cotula by the disc-flowers being few, and all, or a few of them, sterile,
and by tbe tube of the corolla not being winged—characters which appear of trifling importance, for the disc-flowers
of Cotida are generally only compressed (not winged), and the degi'ee of imperfection of then: achenia is a veiy
variable character. C. australis may at once be distinguished from C. coronopifolia by its very slender habit, much
divided leaves cut into pinnatifid narrow lobes, by the generally more or less hairy stems, branches, and peduncles,
and by the numerous florets of the circumference, which have a much thickened wing.
" i f
Gen. V III. LEPTINELLA, Cass.
multiflorum, homogamum v, heterogamum, discoideum. Involucri squamæ 1-3-seriales,
late ovatæ v. rotundatæ, marginibus scariosis sphacelatis. Receptaculum convexum v. conicum, nudum,
papillosum. Flosculi omnes sessiles v. breviter stipitati : flosculi radii ? , pluriseriales ; corolla compressa,
inflata, latiuscula, tubulosa, ore incrassato 3-4-crenato; stylo exserto, bifido, ramis divaricatis :
disci stériles, tubuiosi, 4-5-dentati; staminibus 4 - 5 ; stylo exserto, stigmate disciformi subbilobo.
Achenium fl. radii obovatum, obcompressura, marginibus incrassatis ; fl. ^ nullum v. breve stipitiforme.—
Herbæ monoicoe v. dioicce.
Creeping monoecious or dioecious herbs, often throwing out rooting suckers, smooth, silky, or woolly, with
scapes bearing solitary yellow inconspicuous beads, which bave no ray, and are button-shaped. Leaves pinnatifid.
Involucral scales iu one or many series, broad, with a membranous brown or purplish edge. Receptacle convex or
conical, naked, papillose. Florets all sessile, or shortly stipitate:—those of the circumference numerous, in many
series, female ; corolla short, compressed, inflated, tubular, with a contracted small four-toothed mouth ; style exserted,
bifid ; achenium obovate, compressed, with thickened wings and no pappus :—florets of the disc hermaphrodite, tubular,
with a four-toothed corolla, and a style ending in a cup or disc ; achenium abortive.—This curious genus is
confined to New Zealand, Tasmania, Lord Auckland’s and Campbell’s Island, Kerguelen’s Land, and Fuegia, whence
eight or ten species are known. The most peculiar character consists in the inflated female flowers, whose corolla
is formed of two layers, with au intervening hollow space (see ‘ Flora Antarctica,’ p. 28). The three Auckland and
Campbell Island species have not hitherto been found in New Zealand, and are much larger and finer plants than any
here described. (Name, the diminutive of XeTrros, slender ; in allusion to the habit of the species fii’st discovered.)
1. Leptinella squalida. Hook, fil.; subsericea, foliis lineari-elongatis petiolatis gradatim superne latioribus
pinnatifidis lobis alternis remotis approximatisve oblongis recurvis obtusis margine superiore præcipue
apiceque argute serratis, capitulo majusculo, involucri squamis 3-serialibus sericeis, flosculis eglandulosis.
H a b . Northern and Middle Islands. Hawke’s Bay, Colenso, Akaroa, Raoul.
Allied to L. lanata of Lord Auckland’s Group, but very much smaller, and not woolly. Stems glabrous or
pilose, rooting, ascending, 2-6 inches long, giving off tufts of leaves and scapes at the joints. Leaves more or less
silky with scattered hairs, sometimes villous at the base of the petiole, 1-2 inches long, linear-oblong or spathulate,
broadest towards the top, deeply pinnatifid ; the lobes spreading, recurved, oblong, sharply-toothed along the upper
margin and blunt point. Scape longer than the leaves, silky. Heads of florets rounded, 4 inch diameter. Involucral
scales many, very broad, silky on the back, longer than the very numerous yellow florets.
2. Leptinella minor. Hook. fil. ; parvula, caule robusto radicante sericeo, foliis punctatis glabratis
subcarnosis petiolatis lineari-oblongis pimiatifidis lobis lineari obovatis linearibusve patulis recurvis obtusis
iutegerrimis v. secus marginem superiorem dentatis lobatisve lobis inferioribus minoribus, capitulis lietero-
gamis nunc homogamis ? flosculis glandulosis exterioribus stipitatis.
H a b . Northern and Middle Islands. East coast. Banks and Solander, Colenso. Canterbury, Liqall.
A much smaller species than the last, with more finely cut and regularly pinnatifid leaves. Stems stout, creeping,
3-8 inches long, smooth or silky. Leaves covered with glandular dots, rather fleshy, linear-oblong, quite
smooth, or move or less pilose, I - I 4 inch long, regularly iiiciso-pinnatifid ; lobes spreading, recurved, blunt, toothed,
crenate or deeply lobed along the upper margin, the lower ones smaller. Heads about 4 inch across. Involucral
scales silky or smooth, in about two series. Florets of the circumference female, in several series ; those of the disc
male ; all covered more or less with large rounded glands.—Sometimes I find many flowers of one sex only in each
capitulum, whence the plant is occasionally dioecious.
3. Leptinella dioica. Hook. fil. ; glaberrima v. parce pilosa, foliis late v. anguste lineari-oblongis obovatisve
longe petiolatis crenatis serratis lobatis inciso-pinnatifidisve segmentis subacutis oblongis, scapis
sericeis, involucri squamis pauci- v. pluri-seriatis, capitulis homogamis, flosculis glaberrimis. Cotula dioica,
Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic. Soliva teuella, A. Cunn. Prodr, ? [fide exemplar mancurn in Herb. Hevjard.)
Var. a; foliis glabratis longe petiolatis lineari-oblongis spathulatisve inciso-pinnatifidis lobis curvis
integerrimis serratisve : (capitula ? solum visa.)
Var./S; foliis glabratis longe petiolatis late obovatis rotundatisve crenato-lobatis lobis apiculatis:
(capitula Î solum visa.)
Var. y.qmsilla; caule robusto flexuoso, foliis brevius petiolatis forma var. a serrato-lobatis subpinnatifidisve
: (capitida solum visa.)
H a b . Northern and Middle Islauds; probably common. Var. a and /3. East coast; Caije Turnagain,
Colenso; Akaroa, Raoul. Var. 7 . Cape Turnagain, Colenso.
This species presents much variety in fohage, if all the varieties cited are not different species; and appears
further to be constantly dioecious; for though I have examined several heads, I have never found one containing
flowers of both sexes. Whole plant generally smooth, except the scape, which is rather silky. Leaves very variable,
4 inch (iu var. y) to 3 inches long, more or less crenate, lobed or cut, broadly ovate or linear-spathulate, not dotted
with glands, entire or pinnatifid ; the pinnules broadly oblong, blunt, quite entire or toothed. Male flowers with a
very broad corolla.
4. Leptinella piisilla. Hook. fil. ; caule rigido repente ramoso, foliis albido-sericeis v. glabratis unciali