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nodosis Ilic iUic foUosis, foliis depauperatis. pedunouUs erectis radicalibus foliis brevioribus longioribusve,
involucri 8- 10-pbyUi foliolis radiatis lanceolato-subulatis pungentibus capitulo depresso miüto longioribus,
calyce dense sqnamnloso. Lai. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. l . p . T i. i. 98. DC. Prodr. v. i . p . 92.
Ha b . Northern and Middle Islands. Bast coast, Colenso. Port Cooper, Lyall.
Roots stout, descending, as thick as a goose-quUl, throwing out suckers 4-8 inches long, that do not root. Radical
leaves tufted. S-6 inches long, on long petioles, rarely i inch broad, deeply toothed or pinnatifid ; the segments
shaqi, spinous. SttrcuU jointed, with a pair of small, cuneate. toothed leaves at the joints. Umbels pedunculate,
arising from the roots ; peduncles shorter than the leaves, sessile, or pedunculate at the joints of the surciih.
Involucres mck across; leaflets eight to ten. very rigid and pungent. Flowers in small dense heads, very
inconspicuous. Calyx densely covered with imbricating, búllate, celliüar, chafiy scales.
Gen. IV. APIUM, Hogm.
Fructus subrotundus, a latere contractus, didjmus. Carpella 5-juga; jugis fibformibus crassisve;
valleculis 1-3-vittatis; carpophoro indiviso. Seoee» antioe planiusculum. limbus obsoletus. Petala
subrotunda, integra. Involiicmm et mvolucellun 0. Umbdloe subsessiles, subsimplices v. compositæ.
The “ Celeries ” of the Southern Temperate zone are common, smooth, herbaceous, sea-side plants, extremely
variable in habit, size, and form of leaf. They are by many considered as varieties of the common European wild
Celery, A.yraveokns, which is the origin of our cultivated stock. I advocated this opinion in the • Flora Antarctica ’
(p. 287). after an examination of the Fuegian Celery in its native state. This is an admirable vegetable, raw
or boiled, and forms an erect or prostrate, narrow- or broad-leaved herb, varying in every locality. Mr. Bentham.
who is belter acquainted with the European plant, has pointed out a character in the thick spongy ribs of the
carpels of the Southern forms, that is unlike the slender ribs of tbe Northern, and which, in lien of a better,
may be taken advantage of, to separate them. Considering how extremely variable the plants are in both hemispheres,
and that the fruits vary exceedingly in size, it still appears doubtful whether there be more than one species
or not. It is a point I would strongly recommend to the attention of Colonists.— Cbfyai limb 0. Petals without
an inflected border. Fruit globose. CarpeU with five thick spongy ribs. Umbels many-flowered, simple or compound.
Flowers white. (Name from ab, ap, or av, water, in various ancient European dialects ; from the wild
species growing in wet places.)
1. Apium australe, Pet.-Tli. ; caule ramoso sulcato prostrato rarius erecto, foliis pinnatisectis, foliolis
sessilibus petiolatisve bi-multi-jugis late obovatis lineari-elongatisve varie incisis dentatis lobatisve, nmbeUis
simpbcibus pedunculatis vel compositis et sessilibus, carpeflorum jugis crassis. Pet.-Thouars, Fl. Tnst.
(VAcunha.
Var. a ; foliolis late obovatis varie sectis. A. graveolens, HG. ¿«jaarí. FL Antarct.p. . A. decum-
bens, var. a. sapidam. Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic.
Var./3; foliolis in segmenta lineari-Hgulata varie lobata sectis. A. prostratum, Lahill. Ventenat,
Hort. Mai. A. decumbens, yS. teuellum, Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic. Petroselinum, BC. Prodr. A. liicJt.
Flora. A. Cunn. Frodr.
H a b . Shores of all the Islands; abundant, B a îih and Solander, etc.
Whole plant smooth, smelling strongly of Celery, prostrate, 6 inches to 3 feet long. Branches many, prostrate,
as thick as the finger or much less, channelled, leaves 3-8 inches long, pinnate; segments broad or narrow, variously
cut, sessile or petiolate. U M s simple and pedunculate, or compound, and^ then sessUe in the axils of the
leaves ; primary and secondary branches always spreading.—I have seen the two distinct-looking varieties a and p
growing from the same stem in Tasmanian specimens.
2. A ffm a filiforme. Hook.; caule prostrato filiformi distanter folioso gracili parce ramoso, foliis petio-
■
latis ternatim sectis rarius pinnatisectis, foliolis rotundato-cuneatis inciso-lobatis. Hook. Ic. Flant. t. 819.
Petroselinum, A. Bich. Flora. A. Cunn. Frodr.
H a b . Northern and Middle Islands, on rocky coasts, B* Urville, etc.
A much smaller and more slender plant than A. australe, of which I believe it to be probably a state,
growing in rocky places, with smaller and less divided leaves. Stems 6 inches to 1 foot long. Leaves 3-6 inches,
trifoliolate, rarely pinnate ; segments more or less petiolate, obovate or rounded, variously cut. Umbels as in the
former, but more often compound aud peduneled.—Veiy small slender specimens a good deal resemble Fozoa
trifoliolata.
Gen. V. CRANTZIA, Nutt.
Fructus subrotundus, fere orbicularis; carpellis (sæpe inæqualibus) semiteretibus, ad commissuram
non contractis, 5-sulcatis, 7-jugis; jugis crassis, semiteretibus; valleculis 1-vittatis. Calycis limbus obscure
5-dentatus. Semen versus commissuram carinatum. Fetala non inflexa. Urnhella simplex ; involucro
parvo, oligophjdlo.
The only known species is a small, succulent, strong-smelling, inconspicuous herb, with a creeping rhizoma,
fasciculate, fistulöse, jointed leaves, and short scapes, with minute, inconspicuous, pedicellate flowers. Involucre of
few leaves, much shorter than the pedicels. Calyx limb five-toothed. Fetals without an inflexed apex. Fridt
rounded, contracted above. Carpels semiterete, spongy, not contracted at the commissure, five-fuiTowed, the
ribs thick and convex.—This plant, placed by De Candolle near Hydrocotyle, I consider allied to Ottoa and
OEnanthe. It is a common .American plant from the Falkland Islands to lat. 35° S. on the east coast of South
America, and from 30° N. to 43° N. in the United States; and it is also found in Tasmania. The leaves in South
American specimens often become plane, linear-lanceolate and obtuse : they are always terete and hollow, with
transverse septa.
1. Crantzia ¿¿raeaia, Nutt. BC. Prodr. v.Ai .p. l9. FL Antaret.p. . t. 199.
H a b . Northern and Middle Islands, in swamps and wet sand, etc. East coast, Colenso ; Nelson,
Rhizome as thick as a crow-quill, 3-6 inches long. Leaves very variable in length (-g-4 inches) and lines
broad. Peduncles shorter than the leaves. Umbels simple, spreading, few-flowered.
Gen. VI. ACIPHYLLA, Forst.
Dioica V. monoica. Fructus lineari-oblongus, alatus. Carpella plano-convexa, dissimilia, unico 3- altero
4-jugo ; jugis alatis, lateralibus marginautibus ; valleculis commissuraque 2~3-vittatis ; semine semitereti,
aiitice planiusculo. Calycis limbus contractus, 5-dentatus. Petala apice inflexa. Umhellce parvæ, axiUares,
simpbces v. compositæ, in spicam raceimimve grandem densum columnarem foliis spiniformibus reflexis
horridum aggregatæ.
A most remarkable, tall, mibranched, rigid, spinous herb, 5-7 feet high, with pinnated jointed leaves, whose
long, grassy, rigid, pungent divisions are spread out like a fan, aud with au oblong terminal raceme of many umbels,
nestling amongst rigid recurved spinous involucral leaves. Plow&rs mouoecious or dioecious. Calyx bmb contracted,
five-toothed. Petals with an inflected apex. Fruit bnear-oblong, Carpels unequal, one three- the other five-winged.
Umbels axillary in boat-shaped sheaths of the floral leaves, very irregular, simple or compound ; partial involucres of
few subulate leaflets. The male flowers have no ovarium, but long stamens, are smaller, more numerous, and arranged
in more spreading and very compound irregular umbels. (Name from aKis, sharp, and (^vWov, a leaf.)
1. Acipliylla squarrosa, Eorst. Gen. t. 38. Hook. Ic. Plant, t. G07, 608. Ligusticum Acipliylla,
BC. Prodr. A. Bich. A. Cunn. Prodr. Laserpitium, Forst. Prodr. L. spinosissimuin,
et Sot. MSS. et Ic.