f r
forme, compressum, ore minimo, achenium amplectens. S tyh s elongatus, exsertus.—Herbæ Australasiæ
et Novæ Zelaudiæ tenelloe, puherula ; foliis alternis stipulais v. estipulatis, grosse crenatis dentatisve. An
Australina, Gaud. ? Anaganthos, Hook. ñl. MSS.
There are two species of this curious little genus, one Tasmanian (A. Tasmanica, MSS.), the other New Zealand.
The latter forms a slender, prostrate, delicate, membranous herb, 4-8 inches long, pubescent on the stems, petioles,
and pedicels. Leaves altemate, with subulate stipules and slender petioles as long as the blade ( | inch), rvhicli
IS rounded and coarsely bluntly toothed. Flowers monoecious, axülary. Maks in the upper axüs, two together at the
apex of a slender peduncle as long as the petiole. Ferianth concave, almost bell-shaped, obscurely two-lipped,
pUose. Stamen sohtaiy. Femak sobtary, or two to three in the axüs of the lower leaves ; bracteolæ very small or
absent. Ferianth compressed, flagon-shaped, having an inflated tube and very smaU mouth, through which the fiUform
pubescent stigma protrudes. Nut crustaceous. compressed, brown, smooth, enclosed in the perianth. (Name
from the original species inhabiting Australia.)
1. Australina Novæ-Zelandiæ-, caule puberulo, foliis stipulatis longe petiolatis, fl. $ binis, perianthio
subcampanulato, fl. ¥ bracteolis mimmis v. 0.
Ha b . Northern Island. Bay of Islands, in dark woods. East coast, Colenso.
Gen. IV. PABrETARIA, Tourn.
Flores axiUares, fasciculati v. cymosi, polygami, involucrati. F l. rf. Perianthium 4-5-pbyllum. Sia-
tmna totidem. F l. ¥ . Perianthium tubulosum, veutricosum, 4-fldum. Ovarium liberum, perianthio inclusum.
Stigma capitatum, sessile.
A small genus (of which, however, very many species have been made on very insufficient grounds) of weedy
plants, found over all the warm and temperate parts of the globe. The New Zealand species abounds in Australia
and North aud South America (where it is caUed P. Floridana), and in some parts of Europe, under the name of
P. Lusitanica. It is very nearly allied to, and perhaps only a variety of, the original European P. gffkiualis of
Linnæus. with fewer flowers.—A very weak, trading (rarely erect and stiff), pubescent or glabrous herb. Sterns
8-12 inches long. Leaves membranous, altemate, exstipulate, petiolate, ovate, blunt, quite entire. A-H inches
long. Fkwers polygamous, püose, inconspicuous, green, clustered in the axils of the leaves, sun-ounded by a
two- to four-leaved involucre, composed of connate bracteolæ. Involucres one- to three-flowered. Male Jlowers
with a four-leaved perianth aud four stamens ; /«»«& with a tubular or urceolate four-cleft perianth. Achenium
turgid, with a smaU capitate sessüe stigma. (Named from parks, a wall ; in allusion to the species frequentin»- old
walls.) °
1. Parietaria debilis, Forst. ; floribus paucis axillaribus subsessilibus, involucris 2-4-foliolatis 1-3-floris.
H a b . Common throughout the Islands, Banks and Solander, eto. (Native of England.)
Gen. V. ELATOSTEMMA, Forst.
Flores monoici, rarius dioici, in capitulis sexu distinctis involucrati, receptáculo subcarnoso insert!,
bracteolati. F l. <J. Pm a aM tW 4-5-partitum. Stamina i - ó . F l. ¥ . Perá«ií/i¿M 2-4-pliyllum v. rudi-
mentarium. Stigma sessile^ laciniatum.
The only New Zealand species is a succulent, prostrate or suberect, hoary, watery herb, with a curved, ascending,
thick, fleshy stem, 1-2 feet high, branched at the base. Leaves 4-10 inches long, altemate, sessile, elongate
lanceolateorobovate-Ianceolate, acuminate, curved; base auriculate. half-clasping the stem on one side; marginé
deeply toothed, puberulous, rugose. SlipuUs deciduous, membranous, lanceolate. Eeceptades discoid, monoecious.
Mak capitula i inch broad, rather fleshy, surrounded by imbricating broad connate pilose or glabrous leaflets, axillai-y,
solitary or bínate, sessile or shortly pedunculate. Flowers smaU, pedicellate, hidden among the large membranoué
bracts. Perianth four-parted. Stainens four. Female capitula much smaller, more pubescent. Bracteæ smaU,
narrow. Flowers minute, nearly sessile ; perianth none, or of one to four narrow Linear haiiy pieces. Ovary ovate,
compressed, with a sessile capitate stigma. Achenium inflated, crustaceous, white mottled with brown. Seed erect,
with a coriaceous testa. (Name from eXarrjp, elastic, and arr}}i(ùv, a stamen)
1. Elatostemma A. Cunn.; carnosum, foliis sessilibus elongato-lineari-lanceolatis oblongisve
acuminatis rugosis grosse dentatis sessilibus basi latere conico auriculato, receptaculis sessilibus v. breve
pedunculatis axiUaribus. A. Cunn. Frodr. Dorstenia, Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic.
H a b . Northern Island, abundant iu dark woods. Banks and Solander, etc. Nat. name, “ Paratani-
wha," B. Cunn.
11
I
N a t . O r d . LXXVIII. EUPHORBIACEÆ, Juss.
Gen. I. EUPHORBIA, L.
Involucrum urceolare v. cupulæforme, multiflorum, 4-5-fidum; lobis glandulis alternantibus. E l. (J
plurimi. FeriantUum 0. Stamen 1, pedicellatum. E l. ? solitarias. Ferianthium 0 v. squamæ. Ovarmm
pedicellatum, 3-lobum, 3-loculare. Ovula loculis soUtaria, péndula. Stylus 8-fidus. Capsula 3-cocca.
An immense genus, whose species abound in Tropical regions and the Temperate climates of the Northern hemisphere,
but are comparatively rare in the Southern. The only New Zealand one is a herb, with acrid milky juice ; also
found in Norfolk Island. Everywhere quite smooth, often glaucous. Stems tufted, stout, simple, erect, 1-2 feet
high, leafy above. Leaves spreading, alternate, narrow linear-oblong or broadly obovate, subacute, 2-3 inches long,
yellow when dry ; floral ones short, broad. Flowei's without any perianth, numerous, enclosed in involucres resembling
a perianth, mixed with hairy fllaments and flat imperfect male flowers. Involucre bell-shaped, 4 inch across, fleshy^
having four to flve purple flat binate glands at the mouth. Male flowers numerous, included, each consisting of a
single stamen, mounted on a pedicel, appearing like a jointed filament (the joint indicates the place where a
perianth is produced in some species). Anthers didymous. Female flower exserted, hanging over the side of the
involucre, pedicellate, the pedicel jointed below the ovarium, which is three-lobed, three-celled, with a trifid style
(its arms bifid), and one pendulous ovule iu each cell. Capsides of three cocci, separating from a central axis,
splitting down the back and exposing a single albuminous pendulous seed, with a hard grey testa. Cotyledons large,
flat. (Named from Euphorbus, a physician of Mauritania, who brought the plant into use.)
1. Euphorbia glauca, Eorst. ; glaberrima, glauca, caule simplici robusto erecto superne trichotome
ramoso folioso, foliis lineari-lanceolatis oblongis late obovatisve obtusis, floralibus latioribus, involucri
glandulis lunatis. Eorst. Frodr. A. Bich. Flora. A. Cunn. Frodr.
H a b . Throughout the Islands, common on the shores, etc., Banks and Solander, etc. Nat. name,
“ Wainatua" {Demon’s milk), Col.
N a t . O u d . LXXIX. PIPERACEÆ, Rich.
Gen. I. PIPER, L.
Bracteæ foliaceæ, peltatæ, sessiles v. decurrcutes. Stigma 3—l*-fidum, puberulnm.
The New Zealand Pepper is a small tree, 12-20 feet high, or sometimes a rambling shrub, with a very aromatic
smell ; it has been used for Tea, and for the cure of toothache ; it is found also iu Norfolk Island, and belongs
to a subgcmis {Macropiper) including the very nearly allied P. latifolium of the Feejee and South Sea Islands. The
wood is of very curious structure. Stems zigzag, jointed, quite sniooth, glabrous. Leaves petiolate, 2-3 inches long,