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pube arctissime appressa sericeis, panicula ramosa, capitulis 1-3-floris, involucri turbinati squamis coriaceis
pubescentibus intimis linearibus obtusis, acheniis pubescentibus, pappo albido. Sliawia paniculata, Forst.
Frodr. Raoul, Choix de Flantes, p . 18. 1.13. Solidago undulata, Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic.
Ha b . Northern and Middle Islands, Banks and Solander, etc.
A small tree, very similar indeed to Eurybia furfuracea iu habit and appearance, size of foliage, etc., but at once
distinguishable by its few-flowered capitula. Branchlets and panicle covered wdth fuscous down. Leaves petiolate^
coriaceous, undulate, 2-3 inches long, elliptical-oblong or oblong-ovate, quite entire, reticulated on both surfaces,
the under white from the closely appressed down. Panicle of mauy one-to three-flowered capitula. Involucral
scales few, sis to eight ; the outer smaller, downy ; inner smooth, linear. Florets variable iu number ; generally one
is ligulate and female, with one to two discoid, hermaphrodite. Achenia pubescent, furrowed. Pappus wliite.—
The genus Skawia, founded by Forster on this plant, differs from Eurybia only in the few-flowered capitula, and as
the species is exceptional in this respect, I have not adopted the name (though the prior one), but have referred this
and the following to Ewyhia, which is well established and contains very many other species.
10. Fxiifcha. avicennicefolia, Hook. fil. ; arborea, ramis ramulisque sulcatis cano-pubescentibus, foliis
petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis ovatisve planis subacutis integerrimis utrinque reticulatis subtns pube arotis-
sime appressa albidis fuscisve, paniculæ effusæ ramis apjjresse sericeo-pubescentibus, capitulis 3-4-floris,
involucri turbinati squamis pauciseriatis imbricatis viscosis, acheniis sericeis, pappo albido. Shawia avi-
cenniæfolia, Baoul, I. c.
H a b . Middle Island. Akaroa, Baoul. Kelson, Bidwill. Milford Sound, LyaU.
Yery similar indeed to Eurybia Forsteri, but leaves plane (not undulated), narrower, more elliptical and acute.
Involucral scales shorter, and capitula four-flowered. Mr. Bidwill is inclined to consider it a variety of E. Forsteri.
Gen. I I I . CELMISIA, Cass.
multiflorum, heterogamum, radiatum. Involucrum, late campanulatum ; squamis pluri- v.
pauci-seriatis, angnste linearibus. Receptaculum uudnm, latiusculum, convexum, alveolatum v. flmbrilli-
ferum. M. radii numerosi, 1-seriales, foeminei, ligulati : disci tubuiosi, superne campanulati, 5-fidi, her-
mapbroditi. Bappus rigidus, multisetosus ; setis 2-seriatis, scabris, inæquilongis, interioribus longioribus.
Achenium lineari-oblongum.—Herbæ scapigera ; foliis omnibus radicalibus, plerumque subtus niveo-tomento-
sis ; scapis bracteatis, \-floris ; floribus amplis.
Beautiful herbaceous plants, often forming immense patches on the boggy mountain-tops, with spreading, radical
leaves, linear, grass-like, or oblong, covered underneath in almost every species with thick white wool ; and singleflowered
scapes. Heads usually large, sometimes very large, with a yellow disc, and broad, rovolute, wliite, pink, or
purplish ray. Involucre broad, spreading, of several rows of linear scales. Jkceplacle naked, broad, convex. Florets
of the ray very numerous, in one series, female ; those of the disc tubular, bell-shapcd above, five-cleft, hermaphrodite.
Fappus of two series of many unequal scabrid bristles, the outer shorter. Achenium, linear-obovate, not furrowed,
smooth or silky,—This beautiful genus is confined to Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, abounding in the
southern parts of the latter islands, and on the mountains, where the large flowers of several species are most conspicuous,
resembling gigantic Daisies. One species, C. vernicosa (Fl. Antaret. p. 34. t. 26, 27), not yet found in
New Zealand, probably exists on its lofty southern mountains, as it abounds in Auckland’s and Campbell’s Island.
It may be recognized by its numerous linear, rigid, varnished, perfectly smooth leaves, forming broad stars spread out
on the ground. The allied genus Pleuroplyllum (Fl. Antaret. p. 30. t. 22, 2B) also abounds in the two above-named
islands, but has not hitherto been found in New Zealand. It contains two species, which may be known by their
being erect and tail stout herbs, with veiy broad, woolly, plaited leaves and panicled flowers ; those of F. speciosim with
broad purple rays, those of F. eriniferum without a ray. The characters of the flowers in the genus Fleurophyllum.
are all but identical with those of Celmisia, as are those of the latter with Olearia, which is to be distinguished by its
shrubby habit and long achenia.
§ a. Leaves large and long (6 inches and upwards), not narrow and grass-like. Beads of Jlowers broad, very large.
1. Celmisia holosericea, Hook, ill.; vaginis glaberrimis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis argute
serratis superne glabris subtus tomento niveo dense appresso argentéis, scapo glaberrimo bractcato, bracteis
lineari-elongatis dorso niveo-tomentosis, capitulo máximo, involucri squamis viscosis linearibus multiseriatis
recurvis extimis dorso niveis, ligulis perplurimis, acheniis breviusculis sericeis. Aster, Forst. Prodr.
A. Bich. Flora. T a b . XXXI.
H a b . Middle Island. Dusky Bay, Forster. Port Preservation, Lyall.
A most magniflcent plant. Leaves a span to a foot long, numerous, their bases sheathing round the top of a
stout root, which is as thick as the thumb, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sharply serrate, acuminate, with distinct
fine veins above, below densely covered with silvery tomentum, except the midrib ; substance of the leaf more membranous
than iu the foUowing species. Scape 1-2 feet higli, smooth, with scattered linear bracteæ an inch long ; bearing
a capitulum 2-4 inches broad, yellow, with a white ray of innumerable revolute linear ligulate florets. Involucral
scales rather gtimmy, very numerous, linear, sharp, recurved, the outer white at the back. Achenia rather
short, silky.—Plate XXXI. Fig. 1. floret of the ray ; 2, of the dise -.—both magnified.
2. Celmisia verbascifiolia. Hook. fil. ; vagiuis elongatis glabratis berbaceis sulcatis (purpuréis) margine
lanuginosis, foliis subpetiolatis elliptico-ovatis lauceolatisve subacutis iutegerrimis subtus marginibusque
dense lanatis, scapo bracteis involucrisque tomento niveo v. fulvo laxe sericeo-lanatis, involucri squamis pauciseriatis
erectis, bgubs linearibus vix recurvis, acheniis glaberrimis.
H a b . Middle and Southern Islands. Milford Sound and Port Preservation, LyaU.
A very similar plant to the foregoing, but quite different in many respects. Sheaths of the leaves of a pale purple
colour, ribbed, margined with silky wool. Leaves very variable in size and shape, 6 inches to a foot long, linear-
oblong and lanceolate, or broadly elliptical-ovate, stout and coriaceous, smooth and whitish above, densely clothed
below and along the margins (which are quite entire) with a thick, soft, somewRat silky white or buft'-ooloured wool.
Scapes 6 to 12 inches long, with scattered linear bracts an inch long, covered with a loose, shaggy, silky wliite wool,
often becoming buff-coloured about the involucral scales, wMch are narrow-linear, fewer in number than in C. Iiolosericea,
and not recurved. Beads of florets about 2 inches across, deep yellow, with a white ray. Achenia quite
smooth.
3. Celmisia coriacea. Hook. fil. ; vaginis albo-lanatis araneosisve senioribus glabratis, fobis (longissimis)
lineari-lanceolatis acutis sulcatis plicatisve integerrimis superne nitidis cuticula laxa pellucida e lana
dense appressa indutis subtus tomento sericeo appresso albidis, scapis araneo-tomentosis, bracteis linearibus,
capitubs magnis, involucri squamis anguste bnearibus apicibus subreflexis glabratis araneosisve, floscubs
radii plurimis elongatis revolutis, acheniis pubescentibus. Æab. XXXII.
Ha b . Middle and Southern Islands. Dusky Bay, Forster, LyaU. W'arrau Pass, Nelson, Bidwill.
lluabine range, Colenso.
A very much longer-leaved plant than the former ; conspicuous for the delicate transparent skin, which is
loosely spread over the upper surface of the leaves in all my specimens, and which, in a young state, appears formed
of fine woolly hairs. Stems tufted, covering the ground in broad patches. Sheaths 2-4 inches long, grooved,
covered with silky white wool. Leaves 8 inches to l i foot long, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, quite
entire, sharp, deeply grooved longitudinaUy or plaited, covered below with a thick layer of appressed white silvery
down, margins a little recurved. Scapes longer than the leaves, with linear scattered leafy bracts, covered with silky
2 G