and villous, five-lobed and five-bracteate. Petals golden-yellow, obovate, -L— inch broad. Stamens very numerous.
Achenia villous, numerous, dry, placed on a di-y receptacle. (Named from powerful ; from tbe medicinal
properties attributed to some species.)
1. Potentilla anserina, L., var. ansennoides ; foliolis parvis rotundatis sessilibus v. petiolatis.
P. anserinoides, Raoul, Choix de Plantes, p . 28.
H ab. Northern and Middle Islands. East coast, Sinclair, Colenso. Nelson, BidwUl. Akaroa, Raoul.
This is a smaller state, with more rounded and petiolate leaflets than is usual ; but is iu these respects variable.
I have specimens from Akaroa, differing in no particular from the European.
Gen. I I I . ACÆNA, Yahl.
Calycis tubus oblongus, compresçus v. angulatus, lævis v. ecbinatus, angulis sæpissime in aristas glocbi-
diatas v. simpbces post anthesin excuiTentibus ; fauce contracto. Petala 2-5, v. 0, distincta v. basi coalita,
ore calycis inserta. Stamina 2-5. Ovaria 1-2, tubo calycis inclusa, stylo terminali stigmateque plumoso
exsertis, 1-locularia, 1-ovulata. Achenium calyce iudurato indutum; pericarpio coriáceo v. membranáceo.
Herbs, with woody stems, almost pecuHar to tbe Southern Temperate zone, where they represent the closely
albed genus Sangt4¿sorba of the northern hemisphere. A few species are found on the tropical mountains of
America ; and others advance as far south as Cape Horn, Lord Auckland’s Group, and Kerguelen’s Land. All
liave pinnated leaves, and scapes with terminal, round balls (rarely spikes) of very smab flowers, which, from their frequently
bearing, when in fruit, spines armed with reversed hafrs, become very troublesome to sheep in the grazing
districts of Australia. Calyx ivith a compressed or angled tube, no limb, and very smab mouth, from which project
one to two plumose stigmas, of as many oblong achenia, which are whoby hidden in the calyx. Petals small, four
or five, or absent. Stamens as many as the petals. (Named from oKaiva, a spine, from the spinous calyces.)
1. AeæTïQ, Sanguisorba, Hdhl; caule decumbente ramoso, ramis asceudentibus foliosis, fobis pinnatis
petiolo fobobsque subtus v. utrinque sericeo-pilosis, fobobs ovatis oblongis rotundatisve inciso-serratis,
peduncubs sericeis, capitubs globosis sericeo-villosis, calyce 4-gono fructífero 4-aristato, aristis apice
glocbidiatis, corolla gamopetala, staminibus 2, stigmate dilatato plumoso. Yahl, Eyium. BC. Prodr.
A. Rich, et A . Cunn. Ft. Antaret. v. I. p . 9. Ancistrum Sanguisorbæ, A ./J . A. anserinæfolium,
A. decumbens, Gartn.
Yar. minor ; depressa, dense sericeo-vestita, fobobs parvuHs. A. decumbens, Mcnz. in Herb. Hook.
Fl. Antaret. I. c.
H ab. Abundant tbronghout the Islands, the var. /3 occupying mountainous places. Nat. names,
“ Hutiwai," Middle Island, Lyall; “ Pirikahu" and “ Piri piri," Col.
A creeping woody-stemmed plant, with the foliage of Potentilla, and round heads of smab purple flowers on
long scapes ; more or less vblous and silky in every part ; very variable in size. Leaves 2-6 inches long ; leaflets
eight to ten pair, iisuaUy oblong, blunt, coarsely seraated, inch long. Scapes elongated, erect, often bearing a
smab leaflet. Flowers in heads, which are the size of a marble or smaller, silky. Calyx four-anglcd, the angles
produced after flowering into purple pin-like spines, i inch long, barbed at the tip. CoroUa of four petals, united
at the base. Stamens 3. Style terminated by a dilated feathery stigma.—This plant is equally common in Australia
and Tasmania, and is found in both Auckland and CampbeU’s Islands. A decoction of the leaves is used as tea
and as a medicine by the natives of the Middle Island. LyaU.
2. Acæna inermis, Hook, fil.; decumbens, ramosissima, subsericeo-pubescens, fobis parvis, foliolis
4-8-jugis coriaceis sessibbus rotundatis grosse serratis, scapis erectis pubescentibus, capitulis parvis globosis,
calyce obtuse tetragono, fructífero angulis incrassatis inermibus, coroba gamopetala, staminibus 2,
filamentis brevibus, stybs 2 dilatatis uno latere fimbriatis.
H a b . Middle Island. Nelson, BidwUl.
This curious little species is much smaller than the usual state of A. Sanguisorba, and has denser foliage, less
silky, with short coriaceous rounded leaflets; all variable characters, however. The unarmed calyx, which in fruit
presents only thickened angles instead of spines, at once distinguishes it from A. Sanguisorba, or the foUowing. It
is nearly abied to the Falkland Island A. lucida, Valil.
3. Ac^na microphylla, Hook, fil.; pusiUa, decumbens, glabrata, ramosa, ramis ascendentibus, petiobs
pbosis, fobobs minimis 4-6-jugis rotundatis inciso-serratis, scapis erectis pbosis, capitubs magnis globosis,
calyce 4-gono angulis incrassatis fructífero in aristas elongatas simpbces productis, corolla gamopetala,
staminibus stybsque 2, stigmatibus subclavatis fimbriatis.
H a b . Northern Island. Tongariro, BidwUl, Colenso.
A very smab and glabrous species; the leaflets not i inch long. Capitula very large for the size of the plant,
upwards of an inch across, including the spines, which are not barbate, and distinguish it as a species.
Another species, A. ascendens, Vahl, common in Fuegia and the Falklands, has been found in Macquarrie
Island, but hitherto not in New Zealand.
Gen. r v . GEUM, L.
Calyx 5-lobus, extus 5-bracteolatus. Petala 5. Stamina 00, cum petabs inserta. Carpella sicca, in
capitulum supra receptaculum siccum disposita; stylo caudato, post antbesin articulato, geniculato, v.
barbato. Semen ascendens.
A smab genus of herbaceous plants, of which some species appear to be very widely diffused: it is distinguished
from Potentilla by the long awns to the achenia. (Name from -yíD«), to yield a sweet flavour, from the aromatic smeb
of the root of a common Em-opean species.)
1. OQum Mageilanicum, Commerson; pubescenti-pilosum v. villosum, caule erecto diviso multifloro,
fobis radicabbus interrupte pinnatisectis lobo terminab máximo lobato crenato serrato lateralibus minoribus
v. minimis rotundatis v. ovatis duplicato-serratis incisisque, caulinis laeeris, peduncubs vibosis, floribus fiavis
erectis, calycibus pubescenti-pilosis, aclieniorum capitulo oblongo globoso, acheniis plurimis compressis
villosis in stylos deflexos apice uncinatos v. supra medium geniculatos productis. Commerson. BC. Prodr.
Fl. Antaret. v. l . p . 262. G. Chiloense, G. Chilense, G. Quellyon et G. ranimculoides, G. strictum, G.
intermedium, etc., Auct. An G. urbanum, L.?
H a b . Northern and Middle Islauds. East coast and interior, Colenso. Nelson, BidwUl. Milford
Sound, Lyall. (Cultivated in England.)
Ab the parts are pilose, pubescent, or almost tomentose. Root woody, perennial, astringent. Stems rounded,
2-3 feet high, dichotomously brauching above. Radical leaves 4-6 inches long, interruptedly pinnate; tbe terminal
lobe very lai’ge, ovate or rounded, variously lobed and semte, strongly veined, the others often alternately smaUer,
m two to six pairs, ovate or rounded, sessile, the lower gi-aduaUy smaber: upper leaves incised, simple or pinnate,
the lobes nan’ower and more deeply cut. Floicers yellow, i inch across, on very viUous pedmicles, which elongate in
flower. Calyx pubescent; lobes ovate, alternating with five bracteolm. Petals rounded. Stamens veiy numerous.
Heads oi fruit oblong, rounded, \ inch long, of very many compressed carpels, which are densely viUous, with long
stiff yebowish hairs, and terminate hi stiff reflexed awns. Awns 4 mcb long, twisted suddenly above the middle, or
hooked at the extremity.— I cannot see upon what grounds (judging from original specimens) the species quoted
ahove (and some others) are to he separated from one another; and I am further inclined to consider ab as varieties
of G. urbanum. If species are to be founded upon every trifling difference in tbe size or proportion of the upper lobe