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1. Ixerba brexioides, Cvmn. ; foliis oppositis teruis alternisve linearibus lineari-lanceolatisve coriaceis
sinuato-serratis glaberrimis, corymbis terminalibus, pedunculis sepalis petalisque sericeo-pubescentibus.
A. Cum. Prodr. Hooh. le. Plant, t. 577, 578.
H a b . Northern Island. Bay of Islands, Cunningham, Colenso. Wellington, Bidioill. Nat. name,
“ Tawari,” Col.
A pretty tree, 20 feet higli or so, which Mr. Bidwill says resembles an Arbutus. Leaves i inches long, by A inch
broad, but variable. Flower l ^ - l f inch broad, white. Capsule f inch broad. Seed inch long.
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N at. Oe d . XXXVIII. UMBELLIFERÆ, Juss.
Gen. I. HYDROCOTYLE, L.
Fnoekis a latere piano-compressus, biscutatus. Calycis margo obsoletus, Fetala ovata, apice non
inflexa. Carpella evittata ; jugis 5 filiformibus, v. carinali lateralibusque obsoletis, 2 iutermediis accretis.
Semen carinato-compressum. Involucrum oligophyllum v. 0.
Slender, creeping, often very small herbs, with altemate rounded, lobed or crenate leaves, and axillary long or
short peduncles, bearing round heads or simple umbels of minute flowers, but comparatively large fruits. Involucre
few-leaved or none. Carpels laterally compressed (one sometimes abortive). Calyx margin obsolete. Fetals
not inflected at the apes. Styles curved backwards.—A large genus, common to the tropical and temperate
regions of the whole world. The New Zealand species are all small, and to be examined require a simple
lens, with which the very marked characters of many of the species may be easily recognized. (Name from
water, and kotvXtj, a cup ; from the cup-shaped leaf of the European water species.)
§ a. Peduncles very short. Umbels capitate, almost sessile.
1. Hydrocotyle Americana, L. ; glaberrima, nitens, foliis orbiculari-reniformibus lobatis crenatis,
umbellis sessilibus V, brevissime pedunculatis 3-5-floris, fructu orbicular! flavido, carpellis utrinque 1-costatis
altero sæpe vacuo hispidulo. Hmi. Sp. PI. Uich, Eydrocot.f. 10. Torrey et Cray, Fl. N. Am .p . 599.
H a b . Northern Island ; in boggy places. Bay of Islands, Cunningham, Sinclair, Colenso, etc.
Perfectly smooth, glistening, very delicate. Leaves orbicular, -^1 inch broad, 5-7-lobed ; lobes blunt, crenate.
Carpels yellow when ripe, very small, with one rib on each side, one of them often empty and hispid.—This appears
to be a small state of a rather frequent North and South American plant ; the leaves are more lobed and smaller
than in specimens from the United States ; but in these respects agree with Bahia (Brazil) ones. Like all the
other New Zealand species, it varies extremely in size, depth, and form of the leaf-lobes.
\ b. Peduncles elongated. Flowers sessile, or nearly so.
2. Hydrocotyle heteromeria, DC. ; tenella, glaberrima v. parce laxe pilosa, nitens, foliis reniformi-
rotundatis 5- 7-lobatis crenatis, pedunculis petiolis brevioribus, umbella capitata 6- 8-flora, carpellis ilavidis
utrinque 1 -costatis altero hispido. B C .P ro d r .v .\. p . 66. A. Uich. Flora. A, Cunn, Prodr. II. glabra,
Banks et Solander, MSS. et Ic.
H a b . Northern Island, Banks and Solander. Bay of Islands and Auckland, Sinclair, Colenso, etc.
Slender, shining, quite smooth, or with a few lax long hairs on the petiole and peduncle. In all respects but
the above, and the peduncles being about half the length of the petioles or shorter, it entirely resembles the
n . Ameiicana, of which it may be a variety.
3. Hydrocotyle Asiatica, L. ; pubescens v. glabrata, robusta, repens, foliis fasciculatis ovato-oblongo-
V. rotundato-cordatis obtusis sinuato-crenatis v. integerrimis, pedunculis folio brevioribus, involucri foliolis
2 ovatis, umbellis 2~3-floris, carpellis magnis utrinque 2-3-costatis planis v. reticulatis. Linn. Sp. PI.
BC. Prodr. A, Cunn. Prodr. H. cordifolia, noh., in Hook. Ic. Plant, t. 303. H. indivisa. Banks et Sol.
MSS. et Ic.
H a b . Abundant in marshy places throughout the Islands, Banks and Solander, Cunningham, etc.
The largest New Zealand species, and one universally distributed throughout the Tropics of both hemispheres,
the temperate latitudes of North and South America, the Cape of Good Hope, Australia, and Tasmania. It is
perhaps the most distmct species of the genus, easily known by its robust habit ; its leaves fasciculate at the rooting
knots of the creeping stem, ou petioles 1-7 inches long, with the lamina cordate, with a shallow sinus at the
base, blunt, sinuated or entire ; its short peduncles ; conspicuous involucre ; and large, broad-ribbed carpels.
4. Hydrocotyle tripartita, Br. ? ; glabra, caule brevinsculo, foliis parvis palmatim 3-partitis, segmentis
cuneatis 2-3-fidis, pedunculis folio subæquilongis, umbella capitata 3-5-flora, carpellis pallidis
utrinque 1-costatis. BC. Prodr. v. ^ .p, 65 [non Hook. Ic. Plant, t. 312).
Ha b . Northern Island. Swamps at the foot of Tongariro, Colenso.
I am in doubt whether this be the plant of Mr. Brown or not ; it is certainly not that figured and described by
me as such in the ‘ leones Plantarum.’ My New Zealand specimens are very insuiflcient.—Whole plant an inch
or so long, rather stout, smooth. Leaves divided to the base into three cuneate segments, i inch long, lobed.
Peduncles nearly as long as the petioles. Umbels few-flowered. Carpels pale, sessile, with one rib on each face.—
This much resembles starved specimens of Ranunculus aeaulis.
5. Hydrocotyle Novæ-Zelandioe, DC.; pilosa v. glabrata, caule elongato liirto tenello petiolis pedunculisque
superne præcipue retrorsum hirsutis, stipulis latis membranaceis persistentibus, foliis reniformi-
rotundatis sub-7-lobis acute dentatis v. obtuse crenatis glabratis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus oequi-
longisve, umbellis laxe 5-10-floris, carpellis pallidis utrinque obsolete 1-costatis. BC. Prodr. v. p . 67.
H. dichondræfolia et H. Novæ-Zelandiæ, A. Cunn. Prodr. PL pilosa, Banks et Sol. MSS. et le.
H a b . Very abundant tlu*oughout the Islands, Banks and Solander, etc.
A very common and variable plant, nearly allied, if not identical, with a Chilian species [H. Bonplandii?).
Stems 1-10 inches long, more or less hairy, especially on the peduncle and petiole, where the hairs are reversed;
also variable in the depth of lobing and sharpness of the teeth or crenatm’es, and of the depth of the sinus of the
leaf. Dr. LyalTs specimens from Bluft' Island have a prostrate almost woody stem, but the stems are usually weak
and trailing, and, as well as the wliole plant, pale yellow-green. Stipules conspicuous, membranous. Leaves
T-1 inch broad, orbicular-reniform. Peduncles shorter than or as long as the leaves. Umbels loosely five- to tenflowered.
Carpels pale, with one often obscure rib on each face.—I have imperfect small specimens apparently of
this plant, with leaves three- to five-lobed to the middle.
6. Hydrocotyle moschata, Eorst.; liispido-pilosa, pusilla, caule (pro planta) robusto repente, foliis late
reniformi-rotundatis 5-7-lobis, lobis ai’gute dentatis, pedunculis folio brevioribus, capitulis multifloris,
fructibus dense compactis parvis brunneis, carpellis utrinque costatis dorso acutis. Forst. Prodr. BC.
Prodr. V. 4. p . 67. A. Uich. et A. Cunn., etc.
Var. /3. compacta; fobis profundius lobatis, lobis inciso-dentatis, pedunculis brevibus. H. compacta,
BC. Prodr. A. Uich. A. Cunn. H. capitata. Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic.
ILu3. Both varieties abundant throughout the Islands, Banks and Solander. Forster, etc.
This common little plant is, I think, identical with a Chilian one ; it resembles in habit and foliage small robust
hairy specimens of II. Novæ-Zelandiæ, from which it differs in the much smaller crowded dark brown fruits, the
carpels of which have sharper ribs and are sharp at the back. Though generally veiy distmct, I have many
specimens which might belong to either. Stems much branched, 1-3 inches long. Stipules membranous, con