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10-13 inches long, patent, rachis or main stem straight; secondary alternate, spreading at right angles to the main
stem, with an oblong acuminate deciduous bractea at the base. Flowers in very numerous, small, irregularly formed,
pedunculate umbels, alternate along the branches. Female flowers with ten short styles, collected at the base into
one short conical column. Berry smaller than a pepper-corn, with ten cells united together; purple-black, pulpy,
teu-lobed when diy.—Plate XXII. Pig. 1, 2, male flowers; S, female umbels; 4, fruit; 5, the same cut open
transversely :—all but flg. 3 magnified.
§ c. Aralia, L. Shrubby or arboreous. Stipules wanting. Leaves simple or digitate. Primary branches of the
umbels umbellate. Styles united at the base.
3. Aralia Banks et Sol.; subarborea, dioica v. polygama, foliis polymorphis junioribus
simplicibus V. 2-3-foliolatis longissime linearibus adultis simplicibus lineari-oblongis omnibus profunde
sinuato-dentatis rarius integerrimis crassissimis et coriaceis, umbellis terminalibus, pedunculis primariis 5-10
elongatis umbellas racemosas 8 -1 0-floras pedunculatas gerentibus, stylis 5 in columnam accretis apice liberis,
bacca globosa coriacea 5-loculari. Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic. A. Cunn. Frodr. Hook. Ic. Plant, t. 583, 584.
Xylopiiylla longifolia, Banks et Sol. MSS. et Ic.
H a b . Throughout the Islands; abundant, Banks and Solander, etc. Chatham Island, Hieffenbach.
Nat. names, “ Horoeka,” Cunn.; “ Hohoeka,” Middle Island, LyaU. (Cultivated iu England.)
A very remarkable plant, on account of the variable form of its leaves, which renders it difficult to decide
whether or no there may be more than one species included under the name of A. crassifolia. A small erect tree,
20-30 feet high. Young plants forming simple flexible poles, 13 feet high, with cmious spreading, distant, alternate,
linear, very thick and coriaceous, remotely toothed leaves, 8 inches to a foot long, and ^ inch broad; these leaves
are dull green, with a broad yellow blotcb at the base of each tooth. Towards the top of the plant the leaves are
petiolate and trifoliolate; each leaflet like one of the simple lower leaves. In this state the plant is common in cultivation,
presenting two varieties however, one slender, never branched, and with green bark and broader leaves ; the
other stouter, sometimes branched, with brownish bark, all the leaves simple and broad in proportion to their length.
This latter I suspect to be the A. lessoni. Dried specimens in flower have always simple leaves, sessile or navroived
into short very stout petioles, not jointed at the apex; they are 6-10 inches long, linear-oblong or cuneate, gradually
broader upwards, never more than 1-14 inch broad, usually | inch, deeply irregularly sinuate, or toothed,
rarely entire. Inflorescence terminal; primary branches five to ten, sessile, elongate, of nearly equal length, bearing
pedunculate racemes or rarely in-egular umbels of pedicellate flowers. Styles five, united into a column, free at the
top. Berries coriaceous, globose, five-celled.—In Dr. Lyall’s specimens from the Southern Island, the ultimate
umbels of female flowers are regularly umbellate, not at all racemose.
4. Aralia Lessoni; subarborea, dioica v. polygama, foliis (polymorphis junioribus simplicibus?)
adultis longe petiolatis 3-5-foliolatis, foliolis sessilibus oblongo-lanceolatis acutis sinuato-dentatis crassis
et coriaceis, umbellis terminalibus, pedunculis primariis elongatis secundariis racemoso-iloriferis, stylis 5 in
columnam concretis, bacca oblonga 5-loculari. Cussonia, A. Rich. Flora,p. 285. t. 32. A. Cunn. Prodr.
Panax ? He Cand. Prodr. Aralia trifolia. Banks eb Sol. MSS.
H a b . Northern Island. East coast, Cunningham; Auckland, Sinclair; Middle Island, Bream Bay,
HUrville. Nat. name, “ Whau whau,” R. Cunn. (Cultivated in England.)
A small tree, apparently closely resembling in habit and inflorescence A. crassifolia, but the old leaves are very
like those of Panax Colensoi, and the berry is larger and oblong, not rounded. The foliage of the young plants 1
suspect to be as protean as that of the former, and possibly the plant has hence been overlooked by Mr. Colenso,
who has never sent specimens.
Gen. I I I . BOTRYOHENDRUM, Fndl.
Flores polygami. Gz/yo? fl. c? 4-partitus, imbricatus; fl. ? tubus ovario adnatus, limbo 6-fido. Petala
0. Stamina calycis laciniis opposita, fl. ¿ 4, fl. ? 6. Ovarium 6-loculare; ovulis solitariis, pendulis;
stylis 6, divergentibus. Bacca coriaceo-carnosa, 6-locularis; locuRs osseis, 1-spermis. Semina péndula
Araliacearum.—Arbores trunco gracili, apice diviso. Eolia Simplicia {\-foliolatd) ; petiolo apice articulato.
Elores capitati, involucrati; capitulis paniculatis, polygamo-dioicis.
One species alone of this fine genus has been found in New Zealand, but I have seen the leaves only; two
others inhabit Norfolk Island, and a third Tahiti. They form erect, slender, small trees, vnfk a long simple trunk
13-20 feet high, and with thick pith, branching sparingly at tbe top, and bearing very large, coriaceous, entire,
spreading, simple (unifoliolate) leaves. The flowers are collected into heads, are free or united, unisexual; heads polygamous
and arranged into a stout, sparingly branched, erect panicle. The flowers and fruit are described from
Norfolk Island species, and may not tally with the New Zealand one. Male flowers:— Calyx four-parted. Corolla 0-
Stamens four, opposite to the calyx. Female -.— Calyx tube adnate with the ovaiy; limb six-parted. Stamens and
styles six. Ovary six-celled. Fruit with six bony one-seeded nuts.—This genus has been called anomalous by
Endlicher on account of its four to six calyx-lobes opposite the same number of stamens, and want of petals, and with
less reason on account of the simple leaves and unisexual flowers. The structm*e of the ovary aud fruit would be anomalous
if, as described by Endlicher, the ovules were erect and seeds margined; but such is uot the case with the Norfolk
Island fruits I have examined. Embryo small, with a terete curved radicle pointing to the hilum, and two rather
broad flat cotyledons. (Name from /3orpvy, a cluster, and bevhpov, a tree; from the densely crowded inflorescence.)
1. Botiyodendrum Sinclairii, Hook, fil.; foliis longe petiolatis late oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis basi
cordatis integerrimis.
H a b . Northern Island; between Capes Rodney and Brett, Sinclair. Colenso.
Leaf coriaceous, shining above, 13-20 inches long, and the petiole nearly as Jong. There is a tendency to
become pandiu’iform in the leaf, which contracts above the cordate base; its greatest breadth is 9 inches, the
general outline obovate or oblong-lauceolate, and the margin is thickened, quite entire, undulated.—Dr. Sinclair
sends the fruit of Pisonia as belonging to this; the latter has also a very large leaf, but tbe present exceeds that of
any other dicotyledonous plant in the Colony.
Note. Polyseias pinnata, Porst., introduced into A. Cunningham’s ‘ Prodromus ’ from De Candolle, is erroneously
stated to be a native of New Zealand. Forster collected it in the island of Tanna.
N a t . O rd . X L . C O R N E H i, DC.
Gen. I. GRISELINIA, Forst.
Flores dioici. Calyx 5-dentatus. Fetala 5, valvata (fl. <3'subimbricata). Stamina 5, petalis alterna,
(in Ü. ? 0). Ovarium (fl. 0) Ri^o calycis inclusum, 1-2-loculare; loculis 1-ovulatis; ovulo péndulo;
stylis 3, brevissimis, recurvis, intus stigmatosis. Bacca carnosa, 1-2-locularis, l-sperma, loculo altero vacuo.
Semen pendulum; testa membranácea; albumine copioso, dense carnoso; embryone supero, minimo; radicula
brevissima, hilo próxima; cotyledonibus divaricatis.—PYutex lucidus, coriaceus, late virens, radice
(parasitica?) crassa, tuberosa, Aucubam refei'ens. Eolia alterna, integerrima, lucida, obliqna, petiolo caule
articulato. Flore's, qmniculati, panicula puherula.
A bright gi-een, lucid, evergreen, leafy, erect, branching shrub, 10-12 feet high, proJiably parasitical in its young
state, and afterwards often epiphytical, forming a thick somewhat tuberous root. Leaves alternate, petioled, jointed
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