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as tbe character of Edwardsia, then the Sandwich Islands aud East Indian Edwardsia must be irausferred to Sophora.
Besides, Edtcardsia Chilensis (or Sophora macrocarpa) differs from the other Edwardsia in the turbinate base of tbe
calyx. G. Bentham, MSS.
A middling-sized tree, with copious racemes of large golden blossoms, and long pinnated leaves; very variable in
size of flowers, foliage, and fruit; more or less pilose or tomentose, \vith often rasty pubescence. Branches and racemes
densely pubescent, silky, tomentose. Racemes six- to eight-flowered. Peduncle 1 inch long; pedicels i - 1 inch.
Haves 4-8 inches long, imparipinnate; petiole silky, with red-brown hairs; pinnules 20-40 pair, 2-8 lines long,
linear, oblong or obovate, rounded or notched at the apex, silky below. Flowers pendulous. Calyx hemispherical,
truncate, five-toothed. Petals 1 inch long, or more. Standard very broad, nearly horizontal, margins rounded, rather
shorter than the wings, wliich are linear-oblong, blunt, suddenly contracted into a short claw at the base; keel longer
than the wings, linear-oblong, falcate, rather acute, snbauriculate at the base. Stamens all free. Ovaiy densely silky,
I'ery nan’ow, linear, gradually attenuated into a long style, stipitate. Pods 2-8 inches long, stipitate, constricted,
six- to ten-seeded, four-winged, almost indeliiscent. Seeds red-brown, as large as tares. (Named in honour of
Sydenham Edwards, a famous botanical painter.)
1. Edwardsia grandiflora, Salisb. DC. Prodr. A. Cunn. Prodr. Sophora tetraptera, Ourtis, Bot.
Mag. t. 167.
microphylla; foliolis parvis. E. microphylla, DC. Prodr. B o t .M a g .t.l ^m . A. Rich.
Elora. A, Cunn. Prodr. Sophora microphylla, Jacq. Hoi't. Schcen. t. 269. Lamarck, etc.
H a b . Throughout the Islands, abundant, Banks and Solander, etc. EL November. Nat. name,
“ Kowhai," CtLnn. (Cultivated in England.)
The following notes upon this widely distributed plant have been kindly supplied to me by Mr. Bentham, who
has most carefully examined aU my specimens.
“ I cannot find any character to distinguish the New Zealand Edwardsia from each other, even as varieties: the
leaves oblong, obovate, or nearly orbicular, 6-8 lines or scarcely 2 lines long, very hairy on both sides, or more or less
smooth above, show every gradation from the one to the other; so that I have in vain attempted to sort your specimens
into varieties, without making one for almost every specimen. Without the fruit, they are readily distinguished
from the Sophora macrocarpa, by the short vexillurn, and the calyx rounded, not turbinate at tbe base. The lower
petals vaiy in breadth, and the keel petals from very blunt to sharply acuminate.
“ The South ChOian Edwardsia microphylla agrees precisely in foliage and fmit with some of the New Zealand
specimens with middle-sized leaves. You seem to have no good flowers of this. In one specimen with three flowers
the vexillurn appears to be nearly if not quite equal to the other petals; but it is scarcely in full flower, and one cannot
well judge. Can this be the E. Macnahiana, Grab, in Bot. Mag. t. 3735, said also to have the vexillurn equal to the
petals ? but figured with oblong, not obovate leaflets. Unless this character can be ascertained with certainty, the
Valdivia, Chiloe, and Juan Fernandez plant must be considered as E. grandiflora. E.chrysophylla, and an unpublished
smaller-flowered species from the Sandwich Islands, E. mollis, and E. Maderaspatana, from East India, diifer
from E.grandiflora in their reflexed vexillurn, stamens included in the keel, etc. Wight’s artist, in drawing t. 1034
(of ‘leones Plantamm Indi<e Orientalis’), has probably represented the fi-uit only of Edwardsia Maderaspatana,
with the flowering branch of Sophora glauca. I am unacquainted with E.parvifolia, Wight, from China, and with
the two Maui-itius species described by De Candolle.” G. i.
N a t . O r d . X X IV . K O S A C E Æ ,
Gen. I. RUBUS, L.
Flores hermaphroditi v. dioici.
Stamina 00, cum petalis inserta.
w explanatus, persistens, 5-lobus. Petala 5-7, calyce inserta,
plerumque 00, receptáculo inserta, l-locularia, loculis 1- 2-
ovulatis; stylo brevi, filiformi; stigmate subcapitato. Drupa succosse, receptáculo subcarnoso v. spongioso
baccatim congestse.
One Bramble alone has hitherto been found in New Zealand, and it is, perhaps, the largest species of a genus
which abounds in the North Temperate zone, and in the mountains of the Tropics, but is comparatively very rare in
the southern hemisphere. The R. australis climbs the loftiest trees, often with Lygodium, presenting an impervious
screen of round usually unarmed stems, and prickly leaves and panicles.—The leaves are extremely variable in size
and form, temate, quinate, or pinnate; the leaflets broadly ovate or linear-lanceolate, sharp, coriaceous, shining
above, smooth or pubescent or even tomentose below, serrate, generally cordate at the base, 2-5 inches long, the
petioles and midrib below usually bearing recurved prickles. Panicles branching, very many-flowered, terminal or
axillary, 3-8 inches long, smooth or downy, unarmed or prickly. Flowers small, unisexual, whitish, i inch across;
pedicels pubescent. Calyx flat, downy, rarely smooth, five-lobed. Petals five to seven, rounded. Stamens very
numerous, in one series, as long as the petals, usually absent in the female flowers, as are ovaries in the male.
Ovaries numerous, twenty to thirty, seated on a spongy receptacle, with short styles and subcapitate stigmas.
Fruit a smaR berry, smaller than a wild raspberry, formed of the numerous carpels, which become one-seeded drupes
when ripe; it is then yellowish, and of a sweetish but austere taste. (Named from the Celtic rub, the root of rubella,
red, from the colour of the fruit; and according to others, from reub, also Celtic, to tear, fj'om the prickly stems.)
1 . Rubus Forst.; alte scandens, ramis teretibns inermibus v. rarius iiculeatis, foliis coriaceis
3-5-natis v. pinnatis, pinnis 2-jugis cum impari, petiolis costisque aculeatis, foliolis petiolatis basi cordatis
ovatis V. lineari-lanceolatis obtusis acuminatisve sen-atis coriaceis superne lucidis venosis subtus glaberrimis
V. pubescentibus, paniculis ramosis multifloris, floribus dioicis. T a b . XIV.
Hox. a. glaber; foliolis 3-5-natis, pedunculis ramulisque pubescenti-tomentosis. R. australis, Forst.
Prodr. De Candolle, A. Rich. A, Cunn. Prodr,
"Var. yS. schmidelioides; foliolis 3-5-natis subtus ramulis paniculisque pubescenti-tomentosis. R.
sclimidelioicles, A. Cunn. Prodr.
Var. 7 . cissioides; glaberrimus, foliobs 3-5-natis glaberrimis elHptico- v. lineari-lanceolatis. R. cis-
sioides, A. Cunn. Prodr.
Ha b , Northern and Middle Islands; very abundant, especially on the skirts of forests. Banks and
Solander, Forster, etc. Fl. August, December. Nat. name, “ Tataramoa," Cunn. (Cultivated in England.)
I am quite unable to distinguish the above varieties specifically, and, indeed, as varieties they present very inconstant
characters.— P l a t e XIV. Fig. 1 , male, and 2 , female flowers.
Gen. II . POTENTILLA, L.
Calyx concavus, valvatus; limbo explanato, 4-5-partito, extus 4—5-bracteolato. Petala 4 -5 , calyce
inserta. Stamina 00, cum petalis inserta. Achenia plurima, sicca, receptáculo piloso sessilia; stylo laterali;
stigmate simphci.
This again is a very large Eiuopean genus, of herbaceous or half-shrubby plants; especially abounding in the
mountainous districts of the northern temperate and sub-tropical regions, but almost imknown in the southern, except
through the present plant, the common Silver-weed of England, which is quite a cosmopolite, extending from the latitude
of 75° north to 56° south ; varying, however, considerably in size. It forms a stemless herbaceous plant, giving
off long runners from tbe root, and numerous pinnated leaves, which, as also the stems, are covered with long, shining,
silky, often shaggy hair underneath, or on both surfaces. Leaves 3-6 inches long, unequally pinnate, with often
small, tooth-like, scattered pinnules betwen the larger, wliich are in five to twenty pair, ovate, oblong or rounded,
T-1 inch long, deeply cut. Scapes about as long as tbe leaves, erect, one-flowered, villous. Calyx very silky