102 ANNALS OP THE ROYAIi BOÏAÎÎIC GAEDEN, CALCUTTA.
130. C. insignis GrifE.—Slender, probably scandent. Shetrihed stem 8-18 mm. iu
diam. Leaf-sheath yellowish like the other parts of the plant, armed with 1-8 mm.
long, semiconic, horizontal or slightly deflexed black-tipped prickles. Leaves nob
cirriferous, ' 4 - 1 m. long; petiole 10-25 cm. long. Leaflets Tery few, those of the
terminal pair connate about midway up, firm, subpergamentaceous, ovate or obovateoblong,
concave-convex, quite glabrous on both surfaces, unicostat.e and with 6-8
slender nerves on each side of the mid-costa; transverse veiulets very sharp and
continuous across the blade; margins quite smooth.
The Malayan Peninsula.
757. C. ornatus Bl.—High scandent and very robust. Sheathed stem 4-7 cm.
in diam. Leaf-sheath flagella up to 10 m. in length. Leaves very large, as much
as 4 m. long with diminutive leaflets at their summit. Leaflets numerous, equidistant,
very large, 0 0 - 6 0 up to 80 cm. long, 5 - 9 cm. broad, elongate-lanceolate,
5-costate. Malt and femah ^.¡¡adices very long, with a long robust and strongly
clawed ilagellum at their sammit. Male spikckts Ó-8 cm. long with i ; j - l 7 flatly
bifarioas flowers on each side; spathels concave, broadly bracteiform. FamaU spikelets
thick and rigid, 10-18 cm. long with 10-20 flowers on each side. Fndting piriaitlh
distinctly pedicelliform. Fruit large, 3-3-0 cm. long, sab-obovate-ellipsoid, shortly
conically beaked. ScalfH in 15 series, deeply channelled. Seed irregular, angular ;
albumen equable; embryo basal.
C. ornatus var. jamniQUS Becc, {Forma typica). Leaf-sheiths almost unarmed.
Leaves of the upper part of the plant with distinctly 5-costate leaflets ; 3 costai
spinulous above. Fruii-seales spadiceons.
J a v a .
C. ornatus var. horridus iíece-Ceaf-shaiks powerfully armed with strong
laminar spines 2 - 3 cm. long, confluent and disposed in transverso rows.
The Malayan Peninsula.
0. ornatus var. sumatranus liecc.^Lsaf'Shecitlis very strongly armod with nonconfluent,
obliquely senate, robust, laminar spines. Fmii-seales almost black. Seed
suberbicular,
C. ornatus var. philippinensis Becc.—íVíízíí ellipsoid, 3.5 cm. long, 2-3 mm.
broad. Scales reddish-brown. üeed oblong, obscurely 4-angular.
The Philippines.
C. ornatus var. mitis Beec.—L e a f - s l i e a t h s wifii a few large broad laminar spines
near the month, smooth elsewhere.
Borneo.
132. C- Scipionum Lour.—Scandent. Sheathed sitm 3-6 cm. in diam. Leaf-skeaths
very elongate, almost woody, sparingly armed with laminar spines. Leaf-sheaih flagelia,
4 - 5 m. long. Leaves large, about 2 m. long, not cirriferous. Leapts 20-30 on each
side of the raehis, equidistant, elongate-lanceolate or lancoolate.eneiform, 3-5.costulate,
up to 50-60 cm. long, 5-5.5 cm. broad, the upper ones much reduced in size ;
margins smooth. Male and female spadiees as much as 6 - 7 m. long. Female partial
inJloreeceMe! very long, up to - S - l ' S m. long, with 15-20 distichous spikelets on
each side ; spikelets with a distinct asillary callus, vermicular, up to 15-18 cm. long,
BECOAEI. MONOGRAPH OP THE GENUS CALAMUS. jQg
with 30-35 flowers on each side. Fruiting perianth distinctly pedicelliform. Fruit
small, broadly ovoid, or sub-ohovoid, 13-14 mm. long, 8 mm. broad, shortly beaked.
Scales in 15
The
channelled. Seed coarsely pitted.
Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo.
183. C. densiflorus Eecc.—Scandent. SJmtlied stem 3-4 cm. in diam. Leaf.
almost woody, strongly armed with short, flat, broad-based spines. Leaves not
cirriferous, large, 2 - 2 - 6 m, long ; petiole almost obsolete. Leajeti numerous, closely equidistant,
linear-ensiform, up to 34 cm. long, 14-16 mm. broad, distinctly 3.costulato ;
margins remotely spinulous. Male and Female spadices elongate, prolonged into a very
long clawed flagellum ; secondary spathes smooth. Female partial inflorescences rather
short and dense ; spikelets with a distinct axillary callus, arched, thick, 7 - 9 cm.
long with 10-16 very approximate flowers on each side ; spathels very closely packed."
Fruiting perianth shortly pedicelliform. Fruit closely packed, not regularly
bifarious, obovate, stoutly beaked, 15-17 mm. long, 1 cm. in diam. Scalcs°m 18
series, slightly channelled. Seed ovoid-elliptic, deeply pitted ; albumen deeply rami,
nate ; embryo almost in the centre, on the face opposite the chalazal fovea.
The Malayan Peninsula, Singapore.
134. C. Ridleyanus Becc.—Scandent and of moderate siae. Leaves large,
Bub-cirriferous, terminating in a finely and densely clawed rachis with very diminutive'
leaflets; petiole short. Leaflets numerous, equidistant, ensiforra, up to 45 cm, long,
2-5 cm. broad, shining, 3-co8tulate, the oostaj smooth above and bristly braeath;
margins smooth. Female ipadix very long and flagelliform with few remote partial
inflorescences; these robust and rigid, straight, 75-90 cm. long, with 9-12 spikelets
on each side and termiiating in a narrow tail like aculeolate appendix; primary
and secondary spathes densely and minutely prickly ; spikelets thick, vermicular,
strongly arched, inserted inside the mouth of their own spathes, 7 - 1 1 cm. long'
with numerous, very closely packed, distinctly 4-farious flowers, as the neuter
flowers are veiy similar and as large as the fertile ones; spathels very broadly
infundibuliform, partially enclosed one inside the other. Fmiah flowers ovoid
4 mm. long. '
Singapore.
1S5. G. zeylanicus Becc.—Scandent and robust. Leaves very large. Leaflets
numerous, equidistant, narrowly elongate-lanceolate, 35-35 cm. long, 2 °om broad
with 3 slender, very sparingly bristly oostas in the upper surface Ind with several
slender hairy nerves beneath. Mak spadix very large, with several panicled-pyramidnte,
large, partial infloresconoes ; spikelets small, broad, flattened, 15-20 mm. long
•with 12-15 very closely set, flatly bifarious flowers on each side. FemaU spadix very
difierent from the male one; partial inflorescences large, 4 0 - 6 0 cm. long, or more
difiaso, with many robust, 10-16 cm. long, spikelets. Female flowers about 6 mm!
long. Fruiting perianth explanate, subteilded by the subpedicelliform involucrophorum.
Fruit sphseric, about 18 mm. in diam., conically beaked. Scales deeply
channelled, very convei. Seed globular, finely tubercled and pitted; albumen deeply
ruminate, embryo sub.basal.
Ceylon.