4 1 2 ANNALS OP THE BOYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. TRISPSMUS
nerves alender ; transverse Teinleta very distinct, rather close, sinuous and interrupted;
margins acute, ciliated mainly near the base with remote spinules. It seems a
•geoeral rule that the radical leaves iu the species of this group are not only noncirriforous
hut also that thoii- leaflets have more primary nerves than those of the
leaves of the upper part of the plant, and furtheimore have more nerves with
bristles or spinules.
PLATE 178.—Calamus spinifolius Decc. An entire loaf (upper surface), probably
a radical one.—From Vidal's No. 3954 in Herb. Kew.
PLATE 179.—Calamus spiuifolius Beee. Portion of the sheathed stem with an
entire male spadis in flower; the summit of a leaf.—From Leber's No. 1373 in
Herb. Kew.
149. CALAMUS TRISPERMOS Becc. in Perkins Fragm. Fl. Philipp. i. 46.
DESCKIPTION,—Apparently scandeut and rather large. Zeaf-sheat/is
Leaves of the upper part of the plant (the only leaf seen by me probably a radical
one) non-cirriferous; its rachis unarmed, and slightly convex beneath and acutely bifaced
above; leaflets few inequidistant, approximate in pairs on each side of the
rachis, somewhat concavo-convex, oblanceolate, broader above the middle, rather
suddenly contracted at the summit into an acuminate and at the sides bristly tip,
gradually narrowed to tho base, 30-32 cm. long, 6 cm. broad, tho two of the
terminal pair somewhat smaller and free at the base, distinctly o-costate, the
costae acute in the upper surface, very slender beneath, naked on both; transverse
veinlets very slender, but very sharp on both surfaces, extremely approximate and
much continuous margins finely closely and adpressedly spinulous, the lower
margin on the upper surface usually bordered with a narrow shiuing band. Male
tpaiix Femah spadix apparently panicled and large (not seen entire);
primary spathes ; partial inflorescences 40-45 cm. long with 5-6 spikelcts
on each sido; secondary spathes about 5 cm. long in the exposed part; tubular,
slightly enlarged above, very closely sheathing, iiat on the inner side towards the
base, with a few, short, hooked prickles on the back near the summit, horizontally
truncate and fringed^ paleaceous at the mouth, prolongad at one side into a short
triangular acute point; spikelets inserted at the mouth of their own spathe, ascendent
vermicular, large, robust, slightly flexuous; the lower ones 12-16 cm. long with
12-15 flowers on each side; the upper ones somewhat shorter; spathes smooth,
coriaceous, shortly asymmetrically infundibuliform, slightly prolonged at one side into
a triangular point, horizontally truncate and entire at the mouth; involucrophorum
laterally attached in the hollowed base of the spathel above its own and almost exsert
from this, two-keeled and with two prominent acute teeth on the side next to the
axis; involucre irregularly cupular, deeply excavate and acutely bidentate on th« side
of the neuter flower of which the areola is lunate and sharply bordered. Female
Jlowen flatly bifarious, rather distant, about 6 mm. long. Fruiting perianth explánate
(not pedicelliform); the. calyx coriaceous divided almost to the base into 3 ovate
acute parts; the segments of the corolla nai-rower and about as long as the lobes of
the calyx. Fruit broadly obovoid, suddenly and rather acutely beaked, 18 mm. long,
12-18 mm. broad (when not quite mature); scales in 15 longitudinal series and each
manillensis.'] BECOARI. MONOGEAPH OP THE GENUS CALAMDS. 413
series of about 12 soalea, not taking into account the very small ones near the
base and the mucro, shining, faintly and broadly channelled along the middle,
yellow-straw-coloured with a rather broad red-brown marginant line and with a rather
-obtuse point and a finely crosely toothed margin. Seeds 3, with a smooth surface,
12 mm. in length, convex on the back, and with 2 flat faces which are divided by
a salient angle on the inner side; albumen equable; embryo basal.
HABITAT.—The Philippines; Antipolo, prov. Rizal in Luzon, Merrill, No. 1645 in
Herb. Berol.
OBSERVATIONS.—I have seen of this 3 partial inflorescences with nearly mature
fruit and the upper part of a leaf, 60 cm. in length, with 6 leaflets (in 3 pairs)
on each side. This I suppose a radical leaf and as it is not cirriferous, as is usual
in the Calami of the palustris group to which I would refer C. irispermm, therefore
very probably the upper leaves are cin-iferous.
C. irispermus is extremely like C. manillensis, but this has a sphieric shortly
mucroiiate fruit with fewer and larger scales than in C. trispcrmus.
PLATE 180.—Calamus tiispermus Becc. The summit of a leaf (upper surface), and
its (detached) basal portion from under surface; portion (an entire partial i
of a fruit-spadix.—From Merrill's No. 1645 in Herb. Berol.
150. CALAMUS MANILLENSIS H. Wendl. in Kerch. Les Palm., 237; Becc. in Rec.
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 215.
Daemonorops? manillensis Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. 330, pi. 175. viii, f. 1-3
Walp. Ann. iii. 480 and v. 829.
DESCRIPTION.—Stem Leaves . . . . . Female spadix large; primary
spathes ; secondary spathes tubular, thinly coriaceous, armed in their
upper part with small hooked prickles, and prolonged at the summit into a lanceolate,
dorsally keeled, acute point; spikelets large, iu one specimen 18 cm. long, thickly
vermicular, cylindraceous, inserted just at the mouth of their own spathes, with about
15 flowers on each side; spathels shortly tubular-infundibuliform or obconic, 5-6 mm.
long, «lightly asymmetrical, entire, ciliate and exactly truncate at the mouth, where
6-7 mm. in diam., slightly apiculate at one side, unarmed, furfuraceous; involucrophorum
laterally attached in the hollowed base of the spathel above its own and exsert
from this, two-keeled and with two prominent acute teeth on the side next to the
axis; involucre irregularly cupular, deeply excavate and acutely bidentate on the
eide of the neuter flower of which the areola is Innato and sharply bordered. Female
flowers flatly bifarious, rather distant, 5 mm. long. Fruiting perianth explanate (not
pedicelliform), the calyx epHt almost to the base into 3 ovale, rather acute, thinly
coriaceous parts; segments of the corolla lanceolate-acute, as long as the calyx;
stamens with filaments united by their bases and forming a short ring, suddenly
contracted, linear-subulate in the free part. Fruit globose, 15-17 mm. in diam., the
bflse round, the top slightly depressed and shortly mucronate ; pericarp very thin
and brittle; scales not very numerous in 12 longitudinal series, each series of
about 6 wcll-couformed scales, taking no account of the smaller ones of the base