ANNAL-S OP THE EOYAL BOTANIC GA.BDEN, CALCUTTi. [C. insignis.
t h e lower ones, the lai-gest, o-3'5 cm. long, with 5-6 very remote horizontal
flowers on each sido; the upper with 3 or 4 only j spathels t u b u l a r - i n f u n d i b u l i f o r m,
n a r r o w e d a good deal t o tho base, truncate, naked and entire at the mouth, apiculate
a t one side, strongly striately veined ; involucre l a t e r a l l y adnate outside its own
spathel to the base of the one above, cupular, with n a r r ow entire e x t e r n a l l y strongly
v e i n e d limb.—Other parts unknown.
HABITAT.—Pulo Pinang, where it was discovered by Gaudichaud in 1839. No, 37
i n Herb. Delessert at Geneva and in Herb. Webb at Florence.
OsaiiRVATioNS.—Gaudichaud's specimens mentionod above were r e f e r r e d by Martius
to C. peniciHatus Roxb. ; but t h i s is a very doubtful specieo which a p p a r e n t l y must
be reduced to G. javensia. Furthermore, tbe Calamus that Martius describes under the
name of 0. peinciliaius at p. 334 is not the same as that of which ho gives the
d e s c i i p t i o a at p. 210 of the first edition of this page ; this last description being
d e r i v e d from that of Roxburgh, while that at p. 334 was based on the alreadymentioned
specimens collected by Gaudichaud at Penang. C. Mariiams is very
closely related to C. spathulatus, of which perhaps it represents a depauperate or a
more slender form, but in the absence of the female spadix and f r u i t in 0. Martimius
a n d of the male spadix in. C. spathulatus, it is impossible to make an exact comparison
of the two,— C. Martiatius, like C. spathulatus and C. ina<gms, acquii-es a
yellowish tint in d r y i n g and keeps this colour in H e r b a r i um specimens ; certainly
t h e y appear very nearly allied species if they are not different forms of one only.
C. Martiams differs f r om 0. spathulatus in its smaller dimensions and in the smaller
a n d more acuminate leaflets and in the petiole being almost obsolete.
PLATE 151.—Calamus Martianus Becc. The summit of the plant with a male
•Bpadix stripped of its flowers.—From the type-specimen in Herb. Webb at Florence.
130. CALAMUS ISSIGNIS Griff, in Calc. J o u r n , Nat. Hist, v, 59, and Palms Brit.
I n d . 69; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 338; Walp. Ann. iii, 488 and
V, 831 ; Miq. Fl. Jnd. Bat. iii, 128; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind., vi, 459;
Becc. in Rcc. Bot. Surv. I n d . ii, 215.
DEBCKIPTION.—Slender, probably scandent. Sheathed stem 8 - 1 8 mm. in d i a m . ; naked
•canes terete, smooth (not striate) straw-colnured, polished, the internodes 5 - 8 cm. long.
Leaf-sheaths sometimes flagelliferous, gibbous above, obliquely t r u n c a t e and entire at the
mouth, dotted—as the petiole and leaf-rachis—with very minute small scales, more or
less armed with short (1-8 mm. long) semi-conic broad-based horizontal or slightly
deflexed black-tipped prickles. Ocrea very short, naked. Leaves not cirriferoua,
40 c r a . - l m. l o n g ; petiole 10-35 cm. long, subterete from the base, armed all
r o u n d with solitary small, or in the lower surface sometimes r a t h e r strong claws;
r a c h i s similarly armed beneath, acutely bifaced and smooth above; leaflets very
few, 3-6 on each side, besides the two of the terminal pair, which are about
m i d w a y up connate by their bases, but otherwise not differing in size and shape
f r om the side ones; the latter alternate, ovate- or obovate-oblong, cuneately alternate
a n d acute at the b a s e ; concavo-convex or spoon-shaped, especially near the summit
C. ornatus.'] BECCAM. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 365
w h e r e rounded and very suddenly contracted into a short t r i a n g u l a r bristly-penicillate
t i p , firmly papyraceous or subpergamentaceous, very glabrous, hairless or spineless
a n d shining on both surfaces, with the mid-costa slender and acute above and 6 -8
v e r y slender but sharp secondary nerves on each side of it and a strong primary
n e r v o considerably thickening both margins ; the margins themselves quite smooth ;
t r a n s v e r s e veinlets v e r y sharp and distinct on both surfaces, excessively numerous, v e ry
a p p r o x i m a t e and continuous across the blade ; the largest leaflets are the i n t e r m e d i a te
ones, and these vary from 8 - 1 2 cm. i n length and 3-4 cm. in width in small
specimens, and from 2 0 - 2 7 by 5-8 cm. in the larger ones; those near the base
a r e considerably and the two of the terminal pair only slightly smaller.—Spadices
unknown.
HABITAT.—The Malayan Feninsula near Malacca, where it was first discovered
by Griffith's collector E. F e r n a n d e s (Herb. Kew.), and recently found cgain near
P e r a k by the Revd. F a t h e r Scortechini ; always sterile ( H e r b . Beccari).
OBSERVATIOKS.—Griffith's specimen in the H e r b a r i um at Kew consists of two entire
l e a v e s with their leaf-sheaths, these 8 - 9 mm. in diam., and with only 7 leaflets ( 8 - 12
cm. long) including the two, highly connate, of the terminal p a i r ; the sheaths
a r m e d with small tubercular prickles. Scortechiai's specimens are a good deal larger,
and the leaf-sheaths are more s t r o n g l y armed, and one of these bears the base of a
fiagellum. It seems, however, that both specimens are f r om y o u n g and not yet f e r t i le
p l a n t s ; as t h e y stand t h e y differ from the specimens of the adult C. spathulatus in
t h e leaf-sheaths being armed with horizontal or s l i g h t l y deflexed spines (not ascendent),
i n t h e loaves with longer subterete petioles, and in the unicostato less elongate leaflets.
T h e doubt remains whether these differences depend ou the age of the plant.
PLATE 152.—Calamus insignis Griff'. Portion of a sheathed stem with an entire
l e a f . — F r om Scortechini's specimen in Herb. Becc.
131. CALAMUS OUNATUS B1. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. vii, 2, 1326; Mart,
Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 203 (1st edit.) and 208 (2nd edit.) and 832 and
t . 116. fig. i i ; K u n t h Enum. PI. iii, 2 0 5 ; Blumc, Rumphia iii, 58 and
t . 148 (excl. figs. 8-12 representing the fruit of Daemonorops ruber
R e i n w . ) ; Walp. Ann. iii, 483 and v. 8 3 0 ; Miq, F l . Ind. Bat. iii, 113
a n d De Palmis, 27.
C. aureus Roinw. in Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 208 (Ist edit.) and 341 ;
K u n t h Enum. PI. iii, 2 0 7 ; Walp. Ann. iii, 491, and v. 832; Miq.
F l . Ind. Bat. iii, 136 and De Palmis 29.
<7. ovatus Roinw. in Mart. 1. c. 208.
DESCUIPTION.—Vory high scandent and v e r y robust. Sheathed stem 4-7 cm. in
d i a m . Leaf-sheaths very thick and woody, gibbous above, fugaciously furfuraceous,
l i g h t c o l o u r e d when dry, more or less armed with large flat very broad solitary or
s e r i a t e spines or even almost smooth. Leaf-sJieath flagella up to 10 m. long; very
s t r o n g , somewhat flattened and two-edged in their basal part, terete upwards and
.powerfully armed with robust black-tipped half-whorled claws, very slender and
filiform at the e x t r e m i t y . Ocrea v e r y short. Leavet of the upper pai-t of the stem