i o S ANKALS OF THE EOYAL BOTANIC SABDEN, CALCOTTA. [C. Itielamloma
flowers (or pairs of female flowers) on each side; the upper ooes somewhat
shorter; spathels tubular-iufundibuliform, somewhat narrowed towards the base
unarmed, scaly-furfuraeeous, horizontally truncate and entire at the mouth, slightly
prolonged at one side into a short striately veined point; iuTolucrophorum exsert
from its own spathel and laterally attached at the base of the one above, short,
cupular, two-keeled, bidentate and lunately excavate on the margin on the side
nest to the axis; involucres (when the flowers are two at each spathel, as it is usual
in this species) geminate, equal, »hallowly cupular, each slightly lunately excavate on
the inner side, where they are in contact and where sometimes occurs a small
intermediate cavity with a central scar, apparently the insertion of a neuter flower;
when only one involucre oocurs at each spathel, it has externally a very large lunato
sharply bordered areola. Female femn nsuslly geminate at each spathel, about 4
mm. long, narrowly ovate; the calyx tubular, slightly ventricoso, with 3 short triangular,
acute teeth; segments of the corolla acute, norrower than the teeth of the
calyx and barely longer than these. Fmitmj perianth very distinctly pediceUiform,
cylindraccous, 3*5-1 mm. thick, the calyx hardened, not sti-iately veined, scaly-furfuraeeous,
Fmit subglobose-obovoid and .sometimes subturbinate or slightly tapering
towards the base, rounded above where very suddenly topped by a 3 mm. long
oylindric beak, eaudiculate at the base, 17-^18 mm. long, including the beak and
the candieuhim, and 13-14 mm. broad; scales in 15 series, straw-coloured, shining,
strongly coQvex, chiinuelled along tlie middle, 'with an obtuso tip, bordered all round
with a very dark liue, the mai'gin erosely toothed. Seed globular, 8-9 mm. in diam.
covered by the very adherent integument, superficially pitted and tubercled; albumen
deeply and ratlior finely ruminate; cliulazal fovea indistint^i; embryo placed slightly
above the base. °
Habitat.—North Celebes; at Bojong in the Province of Miiialiaasa, Warhuin in
Herb. Berol.
OBsr.iiVATiONS.~Very dosdy related to C. pachijstachtjs from wiiidi it differs in the
more diffuse spadiy with larger more slender, nodding partial inflorescences; the leaflets
much larger; the frnit -with a cyliiidric ^not subconic) beak; tlie secondary hpathes
rather densely armud; the female flowers are usually geminate at each spathel and
often but not always both fertile; on eouie spikelets, however, there is only a female
flower accompanied by a sterile one. Another specimen of the bunimit of a leaf and
of a portion of a flowering female spadis preserved in the Herbarium at Berlin and
collected also by Warburg at Tjamba Manipa in South Celflbea apparently belongs to
C. did!imocarj}xi.s; the leaf has the leaflets narrower than in the typc-specimeii 17-18
mm. broad and 33-34 cid. long, 5 cm. apart and subequidistantly set. This, like
C. pachastachys, seems related to C. Vidaliamtg, but this has distinctly 3-costate bristly
leaflets.
Pl a t e 213.—Calamus didymocarpus War!'. The summit of a leaf (under surface);
an entire partial inflorescence; detached fruits; seed entire and longitudinally cut
througli the embryo.—From Warburg's specimen in Herb. Berol.
184. Calamus melanoloma Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm., iii 207, 'first edit) and 2Uf)
{2nd edit.) and 339, t. 116, f. iii; Kunth Enum.' PI. iii, 206; Waip.
C. melanoloma] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 469
Ann. iii, 489 and v, 831; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat, iii, 129; Toysm. Cat.
Hort. Bog., 75; H. Wendl. in Kerch. Lea Palm., 237; Becc. in Rec.
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 213.
0. anceps Bl. Cent, Plant. Nov. (ined.) and Rumphia, iii, 65, t. 149.
C. cnlolepis Miq. PI. Jungh., 159 and Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 130, and De Palmis,
Description.—Slender, scandent. SheaiJicd niem 7-12 mm. in diam. Leaf-sheatjis not
flagelUferous, obliquely truncate at the mouth, green (though dry), more or less furfuraceous,
ultimately glabroua, gibbous ahove, armed with solitary, scattered, horizontal
or slightly deflexed, straight, usually 2—5 more rarely 10 mm. long, broad-based,
subulate spines. Ocrea short, glabrous, smooth, liguliform. Leaves small, 30-50 cm.
long in the pinniferous portion; the cirrus about as long, slender, filiform, irregularly
armed with solitaiy, mote or less aggregate and more rai-ely half-whorled claws;
petiole very short, 10 mm. long at most, 3-5 mm. broad, flat above, rounded beneath,
where aruied with a line of solitary claws along the middle; the margins acute, smooth
or sparingly aculeolate; rachis rounded below where armed as usual at first %vith
solitary and higher up with geminate and then ternate claws, flattish in its first portion
above, where speedily becoming biEaced with an acute and smooth salient angle;
leaflets few, 10-?0 in all, inequidistant, usually in remote pairs on each side of the
rachis (the pairs alternate or suboppoaite), all about of the same size or the medial
a little lai-ger than the others, 10-12 cm. long, 1-0-2-5 cm. broad, papyraceous,
rather firm, green even when dry, paler beneath, lanceolate or oblanceolate, tapering
towards and acute at the base, acuminatc from above the middle into a rather long
narrow bristly-spinulous tip, 3- or sub-5-costuIate, the mid-costa acute, the side
costae very slender, all caked on both surfaces and less distinct beneath; transverse
veinlets fine, not very crowded, continuous; margins minutely and adpressedly spinulous,
more sprendingl}' at the summit. Male and female spadices very similar, very simple,
erect, inserted fur below the mouth of the sheath and bearing simple, or the male
somelimes branched, spikelofs at each primary spathe. 3iale spadix 30-40 cm. long,
with 0-6 spikelets on each side, of which the lower ones sometimes branched or
furnished on each side at their i)ase with 1-3 secondary spikelets; primary spathe.s
more or less rusty-furfuraceous, almost unarmed or sparsely aculeolate, otherwise
smooth, tubular, slightly enlarged above, entire, obliquely truncate at the mouthy
narrowly scarious and ciliolate at the margin and prolonged at one side into an acute
or acuminate point; the first flattened with acute and prickly edges; the succeeding
one also somewhat flattened; the upper ones more cylindraceous; spikeiets inserted at
the mouth of their own spathe, horizontal, slightly arched; the lower ones, the largest,
5 - 7 cm. long., bearing 6-9 distichous very patent remote flowers on each side;
spathels infuiidibuliform, narrowed a good deal towards tho base, striately veined,
oiliate at the mouth, conspicuously prolonged at one side into a large spreading acute
point, this subtending a flower; the secondary spikelets smaller, with more closely
packed flowers and shorter and more crowded spathels; involucre laterally adnate
to the base of the spathel above its own, shallowly cupular, acutely bidentate on
the side next to the axis. Male fiozacrs oblong-ovoid, somewhat tapering towards
the summit, acute, obsoletoly trigonous, 6 mm. long, 3 mm. thick; calyx tubular;