240 ANNAL3 OP THE EOYAL BOTANIC GABDEN, CALCUTTA. ^Q. HETEFOIDEUS
moie or less distinctly lunate. Female Jhtvers small (3 mm. long), the calyx callous
at the base, strongly veined, divided down to about the middle iuto 3 broadly
triangular acute lobes; the segments of the corolla as long as but narrower than
t h e lobes of the calyx. Fruiting perianth shortly pedicelliform. Fruit small, ovateelHpsoid,
12-14 mm. long, 9 mm. broad, sometimes slightly tapering towards the
base, suddenly contracted at the apex into a narrow 2 mm. long beak; scales in
18-19 series, light-coloured or stramineous, shining, slightly convex, very indistinctly
channelled along the middle with paler marginal line, sometimes tinged with
reddish-brown, the margins finely erosely toothed, the point not very appressed,
obtuse. Seed oblong, convex and sinuously grooved on the back, witli an oblong
chalazal fovea ou the raplial side; albumen equable ; embryo basal.
HABITAT.—Probably the commonest Calamus in Java. It is especially frequent
in the forests of the largest voléanos at an elevation of 600-1,500 metres. Blume
mentions the VAR. -8. from the Salak and the Gede ; the TAR. 7 from the Tijhidung,
the Burangi-ang and the Tankuwanprahu; the YAK. Í from the Burangrang
and the Patuha. To 0. hetei-oidms must be referred the specimens distributed
by ° Zollinger under No. 783 and gathered on the Salak. Dr. Boerlago has
forwarded to me a good specimen collected at Tjibodas. Kurz mentions also Bangka
as a native country for C. heteroideus.
This Calamus is known in Java by the Malay names : «Eotang Lilin, R.
Leilan, R. Tratas, R. T j a t j i n g " and the Sundaueese : " Hooy Korot" or "H, Korrot
or "H. Gorrot, H. Gurrung, H. Tjatjieng, H, Sege, H. Mukka." It is much
employed as cords for ligatures and for many other uses, but is much les& esteemed
than other species imported from Borneo and Sumatra.
OBSERVATIONS.—Of C. heieroideus I have seen rather numerous, but always very
fragmentary specimens. It differs from C. Reinwardiii in its smaller dimensions, but
chiefly in the shape of the fruit, which is subglobular with a distinct and rather long
beak in C. Bcinwardtii, and ellipsoid in C. Meroideus; further, tlie scales of the first
have a triangular acute point, and are disposed in 15 longitudinal series, while in
the second the point is less elongate and obtuse and the series are 18-19. As I
have alreadv pointed out when speaking of C. Reinwardiii, the fruit represented in
the fig. 15, pi- 112 of Martins exactly corresponds to that of C. heieroideus.
C. hetei-oideus is a mountain plant, while G. Reinwardtii appears to be its
representative in the low land of Java. C. heieroideus seems a very polymorphic
species, but the varieties proposed by Blume are probably to be considered simply
as trophic forms.
PLATE 77.—Calamus heteroideus Bl. Leaf-sheath with the base of a loaf and.
a fruit-spadix ; an intermediate portion of a leaf ; a summit of a loaf (upper
surface); a spikelet with almost mature fruit.—All from Dr. Boorlage's specimen
mentioned above.
CALAMUS HETEROIDEÜS v a r . DEPADPERATUS BCCC.
DESCRIPTIO«.-More delicate in every part than the type. sie^ very
sender, 7-10 mm. iu diam. Leaf-Mhs moderately armed with .slender or short
C. heteroideüs."] BECCARI. MOKOQEAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 241
and scattered spines. Leaves .with the petiole channelled above, rounded and
unarmed below ; rachig unarmed or nearly so; leaflets with 3 costaj, which are
spinuloua above and quita naked underneath. Spadieea very slender, sparingly
spinulous.
HABITAT.—The specimens on which I have based this variety come from Java.
Thoy were given by Blume to Schultes and are now preserved in the Herbaria
of St. Petersburg and Munich.
CALAMUS HETEROIDEUS v a r . FALLENS BOCC.
C. Reinwardtii var. fallens Becc. in Ree. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 205.
C. fallens Bl. Rumphia iii, 51; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 341; Walp. Ann.
iii, 490 and v, 833; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 134; H. Wendl, in Kerch.
Les Palm. 237.
DESCRIPTION.—Slender. Leaves more delicate than in the type, not or sometimes
subcirriferous; leaflets narrow, minutely and closely spinulous on the three
costaj above and only on the mid-costa beneath ; rachis armed throughout or at least
in its upper portion with very short solitary claws. Male sfadix elongate, very
slender, filiform, very lax, partially supradecompound ; partial inflorescences few,
remote ; spikelets very slender, filiform, 2-4 cm. long, horizontal or deflexed ; spathelsshortly
infundibuliform, coarsely veined, prolonged at one side into a subulate ciliate
point, which spreads and subtends its flower ; involucre cupular, exsert from its own
spathel and laterally attached to the base of the one above. Male flowers pectinate,
or perfectly flatly bifariou.s and subhorizontally inserted, 1-2 mm. apart, 3-3'5
mm. long, cylindraceous-oblong, 1 mm. thick, apieulate at the summit ; the calyx
shortly tubular, strongly striately veined, divided down almost to the middle into
three broad triangular acute lobes ; the corolla more than twice as long as the
calyx, divided almost to the base into three oblong, navicular, apieulate segments,
"which are polished outside and striately-channelled inside ; the filaments of the
stamens united by their bases, subulate, inflected at the apex when in the bud ;
anthers sagittate; rudimentary pistil columnar, shortly 3.toothed at its apex.
HABITAT.—Java: on the south side of the volcano Tjerimai in the province of
Cheribon. It is called by the natives "Hooy Korrot," a name applied also to
C. heieroideus from which they do not consider it to be different (Bl).
OBSERVATIONS.—I have seen an authentic specimen of this variety which I
cannot consider specifically distinct from C. heteroideus. One leaf had the rachis
produced at the apex into a filiform very delicate cirrus between the terminal
pair of leaflets. I have seen also a specimen of the type C. heitroideu* bearing a
leaf with a rudimentary cirrus.
PLATE 78.—Calamus heteroideus Bl. TAB. pallens Becc. An intermediate portion
(under surface ) ; portion of a male spadix in flower. —From an authentic specimen of
Blume in the Leyden Herbarium.
ANN. ROY. BOT.. SARD. CALCUTTA YOL. X I .