3 9 8 ANNALS OP THE EOYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, C.VLCOTTA, fomosanus.
a p e x ; this t r i a o g u l a r and rather acutc. Seed small, subglobose, 5 mm. in diam.,
d e e p l y and b r o a d l y pitted on the b a c k ; albumen s u b r u m i u n t e ; embryo basal.
HABITAT.—Lower P h i l i p p i n e s : in the I s l a n d of Malanipa, discovered in 1875 by
Mr. H. W. Moscley during the expedition of the Cballenpier ( f e m a l e specimen in
H e r b . K e w ) ; in Mindanao at San Ramon, district of Z a m b o a u g a , M. Hallicr Febr.
1904, male specimen in Herb. Manilla,
OBSERVATIOKS.—The species is f o u n d e d on Mr, Mosoley's specimen which is only
the intermediate portion of a leaf and upper part of a fruiting spadix, 40 cm.
i n length, witli 4 partial inflorescences. The description of the male spadix has
b e e n written from Hallier's specimen which I have considered as conspecifie with
t h e other, because it comes from the same' r e g i o n , does not offer a p p r e c i a b l e differences
in the leaves from the t y p e and because the male flowers offer the general
c h a r a c t e r s of the other species of the group to which C. Hloselci/ams belongs.
I n H a l l i e r ' s specimen the leaflets are lanceolate-elliptic, acuminate to a densely b r i s t ly
t i p , 6-5-10 cm. apart on each sido of the rachis, 38 cm. long, 3 ' o - 4 cm. broad
with 0 costulae of which the 2 near each margin evanescent towards the apex and
smooth, and the other 3 c a r r y i n g small black spinules in the upper s u r f a c e ; the
r a c h i s is armed beneath with very robust black-tipped d i g i t a t e claws; the cirrus is
l o n g and robust and aimed at rather short intervals with half-whorls of almost
e n t i r e l y b l a c k claws.
PLATE 171.—Calamus Moseleyanus Becc. Intermediate portion of a leaf; the
s u m m i t of a spadix with m a t u r e f r u i t ; detached spikelets and s e e d s . — F r o m Moseley's
t y p e - s p e c i m e n in Herb. Kew.
144. CALAMUS POEMOSÌNUS B e c c . in Ree. Bot. Surv. Ind. 211.
DESCRIPTION.—Very p r o b a b l y scandent, of moderate or rather large size. Sheathed
stsm 3-3-d cm. iu diam. Lfiaf-èheatln Ught coloured Cwhen d r y ) s t r o n g l y gibbous and
u n a r m e d above, otherwise rather densely covered with subulate, flat, laminar spines,
which vary from 1 - 2 cm. in lejigtli, have a broad and somewhat concave base
underneatlr und are of the colour of the sheath with a darker point ; the mouth is
a r m e d with pale spines, slender and longer than the others. Ocrea i n d i s t i n c t . Leaves
c i r r i f e r o u s , more than 1 m. long in the pinniferous part, thû cirrus itself measuring
about another metre and armed with half-whorls of 3 - 5 and upwards J - w h o r l s of
6 - 7 confluent black-tipped claws ; petiole very short, about 2 cm. long, flat above,
convex or with an obtuse a n g l e beneath, armed at the sides with a few straight
s p i n e s ; the rachis g l a b r o u s , subshining, finely striate, armed also at the sides like the
p e t i o l e , roundish and almost smooth beneath i a its first portion, and armed upwards
with at first solitary and then ternate b l a c k - t i p p e d claws ; i n the upper s u r f a c e it is
flattish and densely covered with sliort s t r a i g h t spines in the first portion, while in
t h e i n t e r m e d i a t e one is i r r e g u l a r l y t r i g o n o u s in section, b i f a c e d above with the upper
s a l i e n t angle smooth and not very a c u t e ; leaflets not v e r y numerous, 18 on each
s i d e in one specimen, i n e q u i d i s t a n t , d i s t i n c t l y g e m i n a t e or ternate on each side of
t h e rachis ; the fascicles alternate or subopposite, often with a solitary leaflet
e. fomosanus.'] BECCABI. MONOGBAPK OP TIIE G-ENUS CALAMUS. 399
intei-posed ; the leaflets e l o n g a t e - l a n c e o l a t e or oblaoceolate, narrowed a good deal to
t h e base, subnlately acuminate f r om their upper third part, thinly p a p y r a c e o u s , flat
(not plano-convex), rather firm, opaque, subconcolorous, with rather slender and on
b o t h s u r f a c e s naked costae ; t r a n s v e r s e vcinlets v e r y sharp, a p p r o x i m a t e , much interr
u p t e d ; margins rather closely spinulose-serrate ; the l a r g e s t leaflets, those from about
t h e middle, 2 5 - 3 0 cm. long, 3 - 3 ' 5 cm. broad, the lower and upper ones somewhat
s m a l l e r . Male spa/iix ul t r a d e c o m p o u n d , diffuse, not flagolliform terminating in a small
s h e a t h e d acuì eoi a t e tail-like a p p e n d i x ; p r i m a r y spatlies (the first not seen) elongatet
u b u l a r , c l o s e l y s h e a t h i n g , narrowed to the base where flat on the inner and convex
on the outer side, with v e r y acute margins, a c u l e o l a t e on tbe back in their upper
p a r t , truncate, entire and prolonged into a short point at one side at the mouth ;
p a r t i a l inflorescences i n s e r t e d near or a l i t t l e iibore the mouth of their own spathe,
s p r e a d i n g and somewhat callous in the axilla at their insertion ; the lower ones
b r a n c h e d or with a f ew compound s p i k e l e t s on cach side in their lower part, the
u p p e r ones 10-12 cm. long, with 5-6 simple spikelets on each side ; secondary
s p a t h o s t u b u l a r - i n f u n d i b u l i f o r m , almost polished or i n d i s t i n c t l y s t r i a t c l y veined, glabr
o u s , unarmed or sometimes s p a r i n g l y epinuious, obliquely truncate and ciliolate at
the mouth and prolonged at one side into a short point ; spikelets arched, s p r e a d i ng
or s h g h t l y recurved, inserted just at the mouth of their own spathe, flattened, 2-3
cm. long and r e l a t i v e l y broad, with 8 - 1 0 flatly bifarious very a p p r o x i m a t e flowers
on each side, these inserted at an angle of about 4ò° ; s p a t h e l s b r a c t e i f o r m , concave,
b r o a d l y ovate, prolonged at one side into an acute point which is longer than the
i n v o l u c r o p h o r um and subtend their r e s p e c t i v e flowers, s t r i a t e l y veined, scaly-ciliolate ;
i n v o l u c r e dimidiately cupular or like a swallow's nest, very o b l i q u e l y truncate
shorter t h a n its s p a t h e s , l a t e r a l l y a t t a c h e d to the base of the one above, ciliolate flat
a n d acutely two-keeled and a c u t e l y b i d e u t a t e , and lunately e x c a v a t e on the side next
t o the axis. Mate flowers 5-6 mm. long, ovoid-oblong ; the calyx membranous,
t u b u l a r - c a m p a n u l a t e , finely striately veined, with 3 triangular acute teeth ; the
s e g m e n t s of the c o r o l l a lanceolate, acute, one-fourth longer than the c a l y x ; filaments
of the stamens united at the base, subulate, inflccted at the a p e x in bud ; anthers
l a n c e o l a t e - a c u m i n a t e , the cells d e e p l y disjunct ; r u d i m e n t a r y ovary formed by 3 small
s u b u l a t e b o d i e s — a good deal shorter and more slender than the filaments.
HABITAT,—In the northern part of F o r m o s a at K e l u u g , g a t h e r e d by Mr. Richard
Oldham iu 1864 (a specimen of only a leaf iu Herb. Kew). Furthennore I have
c o n s i d e r e d as b e l o n g i n g to this species a male s p a d i x preserved in the Herb, at K ew
a n d collectcd by Smnhoe also in F o r m o s a . Here also a p p a r e n t l y belongs a specimen
which I have seen, in the Berlin H e r b a r i um of the terminal portion of a young
f e m a l e spadix with spikelets just p r o j e c t i n g from the secondary spathes and also
c o l l e c t e d by Warhurg at T a i p e f u in North F o r m o s a in J a n u a r y 18S8.
OBSEEVATIONS.—The female s p a d i x in the Berlin H e r b a r i um t e r m i n a t e s in a short
flattened aculeolate tail-like a p p e n d i x ; the primary spathes are e l o n g a t e - i n f u n d b u l i -
f o r m , narrowing a good deal towards the base, rather densely aculeolate in their
u p p e r p a r t ; the partial inflorescences are inserted at the mouth of their r e s p e c t i ve
s p a t h e s ; the s e c o n d a r y spatlies are t u b u l a r - i n f u n d i b u l i f o rm with a s t r a g g l i n g prickle
on their back above; the spathela are broadly Infundibuliform, much narrowed