2 3 6 ANNALS OP THE ROYAL BOTASIC GAEDEJJ, CALCUTTA. [C. REILIWARDTU
"broad and swollen base and leave abore thera a distinct impression on tbe sheath.
Ocrea indistinct or probably deciduous. LeaJ-»heaih flagella slender, filifoim, smooth
and flattened in thoir basal portion, aculeolate upwards. Leaves rather large, 1-5 mm.
long ; petiole rather long (30 cm.), broadly channelled above, remotely aculeolate at the
•margins, round and smooth beneath j rachis rounded beneath, where in its lower portion
clawed at the sides, and almost unarmed along the middle, which is fnrnisiied with
rather crowded solitary claws in its upper third part; above the rachis is broadly
bifaced with its upper angle formed by two fine, raised, paraUel, very approximate
lines which originate from the mid-coata of every leaflet decurring along tho centre
of the rachis; leaflets patent, numerous, equidistant, very closftly set, alternate or almost
opposite, papyraceous, rigidulous, green, coucoloroua and shining on both surfaces,
narrow-lmear, very slightly narrowed and suddenly plicate at the base, not very
gradually acuminate at the summit into a filamentose apex, with a mid-costa very
acute above and slender beneath, but minutely and closely spinulous on both surfaces,
and one slender nerve (on each side of it) remotely bristly above and naked beneath;
all leaflets about the same size, 15-16 cm. long and 8-10 mm. broad, only a few near
the summit shorter ; the two of the terminal pair the smallest, free at the base;
transverse veinlets very fine, much interrupted ; margins very finely and closely spinulous
serrate.—Other parts unknown.
HABITAT.—N. W. New Gumea; at Ramoi, Beccari, P. P. No. 419.
OusESVATioNS.—This seems allied to C. selnms. It is distinct in the group by its
aubclavate sparingly spinous leaf-sheaths; by the leaves with a long petiole, which is
smooth beneath; by the very numerous equidistant linear leaflets which have conapicuoiisly
finely and closely spinulous-serrate margins and the mid-costa finely spinalou8
on both surfaces and one slender nerve on each side of it; this is bristly above
and naked beneath.
PLATE 75,—Calamus serrulatus Becc. An intermediate portion of the sheathed
8tem with its leaf, from Beccari P. P. No. 419.
61. CAL4UUS REINWARDTII Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iu, 335, t. 112 (esci. fig.
1 5 ? ) ; Walp. Ann. iii, 485 and T, 830; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii,
118, and De Palmis 27; Teysm. Cat. Hort. Bog. 75; Becc. in Ree.
Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, 205.
C. viminalis var. « EeinwardUi (excl. var. ^ ampins) Mart. 1. c., 205 (1st
edit.); Kunth Enum. Plant, iii, 205;
C. Rdnwardtii var. a paucitlorus and yat. ^ ampliò (excl. the syn. of Rumph.
according to Mart, himself, 1. c., 336, under C. Buroens^) Mart. 1. c., 2nd
edit.; 208;
C. RdnwardUi Bl.? (sic) Zoll. Syst. Verzeichn. 78. and P). Jav. Exsicc.
No. 263!);
C. ReinwardtU var. ^ fupiilis Bl. Rumpbia, iii, 52,
C. rudentm (not of Lorn-.) Herb. Reinw. (partly) Bl., 1. c.
C. Reinuiardtii] BECCARI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS, 237
DESCEIPTION.—Scandent. Sheathed skm 1-5-2-5 cm. in diam. Leaf-shcaths densely
armed with straight elongate light-coloured spines. Leaves 1-1-5 ID, long ; petiole
elongate, channelled above, rounded beneath, armed, chiefly at the margins, with
scattered horizontal or spreading, elongate-subulate, rather strong spines which are intermingled
with others, smaller, short-conical and having a tendency to change into claws ;
rachis bifaced above, armed beneath with irregularly scattered, rather long, straight,
slightly deflexed soUtary spines sometimes intermingled with small claws ; the spines of
the petiole and rachis light-coloured like those of the sheaths ; leaflets rather numerous,
subequidistant, 2-4 cm. apart, lincar-ensiform, thinly papyraceous but rather rigid,
concolorous on both surfaces, shining above, attenuate at the base, gradually subulately
acuminate into a bristly apex, distinctly tricostate, the 3 costai equally spinulous
above, beneath the mid-costa spinulous and not very prominent, and the other iierver
faint and naked ; transverse veinlets not very crowded, much interrupted and rather
sharp; margins finely and appressedly spinulous; the largest leaflets, those a little above
the base, 25-35 cm. long, 15-20 mm. broad ; the two of the terminal pair free at th®
base, sliorter but not narrower, more obtuse and more bristly at the apex than the
others. Male spadix ultradecompound in its lower portion, simply decompound upward.s
elongate-flagelliform, 1-3 m. long, ending in a slender aculeolate flagellum and
bearing 5-8 remote partial inflorescences, which are inserted by means of a distinct
axillary callus with a distinct transversal rima at, or a little above or shortly inside,
the mouth of their own spathe ; upper primary spathes very long, narrowly tubular,
cylindraceous, very slightly enlarged above, prickly chiefly externally in their attenuated
part, often split longitudinally at their summit and terminating in a narrow lanceolate
limb, which is often withered and marcescent at the margins and at the apex; the
lower partial inflorescences (the largest) 30-35 cm. long, branched again at their base;
the upper ones gradually shorter and with a variable number of spikelets; secondary
spathes narrowly tubulat-infundibuliform, unarmed, obliquely truncate and ciliate at the
mouth and prolonged at one side into a triangular acute point; this usually withered
and ultimately marcescent. Maic spikelets 2-4 cm. long, slender, filiform, patent or
horizontal, more or less arched downwards, attached at the mouth o£ their own spathe
and callous at tbe axilla ; spathels very shortly asymmetrically infundibuliform, apiculate
a t one side, strongly veined, entire and citiate at the margin; involucre cupular, rather
shallow, exserted from its own spathel and laterally adnate to the base of the one
above. Male flowers horizontally inserted. Female spadix more robust than the male
one, simply decompound, flagelliform, elongate, with not many very remote partial
inflorescences; primary and eecondary spathes as in the male spadix; partial inflorescences
issuing erect from the split summit of their respective spathe, then more or
less spreading, rather rigid; the lower ones, the largest, as much as 45 cm. long and
in luxuriant specimens with 15-17 spikelets on each side; the upper ones gradually
shorter 15-20 cm. long, with 4-8 spikelets on each side; spikelets rather rigid,
horizontally inserted with a distinct axillary callus, more or less arched and often
deflexed; the lower ones, in vigorous specimens, as much as 12-13 cm. in length with
25-30 flowers on each side, but usually 6-7 cm. long with proportionally fewer
flowers ; spathels suddenly expanded into a very short, broadly infundibuliform,
truncate, obtuse and coarsely veined limb; involucrophorum cuptdar, shallow, exserted
from its own spathel and laterally attached to the cylindraceous base of its