328 AXNALS OP THE ROr.iL BOTANIC GAEDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. ciliaris^
thao the others; margins with rery fine closely set and long spreading light cilia;,
the largest leaflets, those from a little above the base to not very fax above tho
middle, 7-10 cm. long, 5-8 mm. broad; the others often suddenly decreasing
in length, the two of the terminsl pair very small, unequal, free at the base. Male
and female spadiaes veiy much the same, fiuely hairy-hispid on tho spathcs, spath els
and involucres, slender, lengthened out into an oculeolate filiform flagellum. Male
spadiv ultradecompound, in one specimen 50 cm. long with 4-G remote partial inflores
cences ; primary spath es tubular, not very closely sheathing, hairy-hispid ulous through*
out, papyraceous, the lowest somewhat flattened, acutely two-edged, more or less
spinulous lower down on tho edges, prolonged at the summit into a very short
limb; upper primary spathes more cylindraceous, unarmed or aculeolate on the back
terminating in a lanceolate acute limb ; partial inflorescences inserted near the
moutK of their own spathes, small, panicled, diffusely hairy-scabrid in every partthe
largest, the lowest, with 3-4 branchlets on each side; of these the uppermost
undivided aud the lower ones with 2-4 spikelefs; these small, callous at their
insertion, with very few not regularly bifarious remote flowers; secondary spathe^"
very narrowly tubular-infundibuliform, truncate, scariose and ciliate at the margin,
acuto or acuminate at one side; spathels hairy-scabrid, like the secondary spathes
elongate, tubular, slightly infundibuliform, scarious, ciliolate and entiie at the mouth
apiculate at one side; involucre attached laterally outside its own spathel at the
base of the one above, distinctly pedicelliform or with a small regular cupular
entire limb, this stalked by a narrow pedicel. Male flowers glabrous, nan°owly oblong,
obsoletely trigonous, rather obtuse, 3 - 5 ^ mm. long; the calyx tubular, cyathiform,
membranous, finely striate, rounded at the base, with 3 short broad rather obtuse
teeth ; the corolla almost twice as long as the calyx, narrowed to the base, divided
into 3 lanceolate finely striate segmenta; the stamens as long as the corolla when in the
bud, their filaments subulate and inflected at the apex; anthers linear-sagittate;
rudimentary ovary very small, conic, 3-toothed, papilliform. Female spadù simply
decompound, 40-50 cm. long; primary and secondary spatlies and spathels as in the
male spadix; partial inflorescences few, very small, the largest, tlie lowest 5-8 cm
long, arched subscorpioid, inserted at the mouth of tJieir own spathes with a distinct
axillai-y callus ; the main axis slender, sinuous, with 5-6 ispikelets at m(iat on each
side; spikelets small, slender, arched, recurved, their axis zigzag-sinuous, tho lai-gest,
the lowest, 1-5-S cm. long with 5-6 remote flowers on each side; tho two series
slightly pointing upwards (not exactly in one plane); invulucrophoruiu more or less
distinctly pedicellate, laterally attached outside its own spathel at the base of the ono
above with a relatively conspicuous callus at its axilla next to the axis; involucre
cupular, more or less emarginate on one side; areola of the neuter flower depresscdiy
lunate, more or less sharply bordered, with a punctiform scar in the centre. Neuter
ilowers long-persistent, very much like the male ones, but thinner, more acute at the
summit and more narrowed at the base. Female flowers ovate-conic with a broad
base, small, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. broad ; the calyx conic, suburceokte, green, striate,
very shortly 3-toothed; the corolla as long as the calyx, divided down almost to the
base into 3 ovate-lanceolate rather acute segmente ; the staminal urceolum deeply divided
nto 6 elongate triangular filaments; anthers sagittate, hardly shorter than the lobes
of the corolla; ovary oblong; style short subtrigonous, stigmata pale and of a waxy
appearance when dry, trigonous, subulate, strongly papillose inside, reflesed amongst
C. cUiaris.'] BECC.VJII, MOÎÎOGRAPH OP THE GENUS CALAMUS.
the lobes of tho corolla during the anthesis. Fniiting perianth very shortly pedicelliform,
its calyx indurated and callous at the base. Fr\dt (mature) globose or
globose-ellipsoid, 10-12 mm. in diam., rounded to both ends, topped by a narrow
acute mucro; scales in 18-20 series, squan-ose or not very appressed, almost flat,
vovy superficially channelled along tho middle, light straw-coloured, with paler, narrow,
eubscarious, erosely-toothed margin and rather acute point. Seed subglobose, slightly
compressed laterally with many deep narrow furrows or plicae radiatiug from the
centre of one of tke faces, where is placed tho chalazal fovea, to the centre of the
other face, where is situated the embryo.
HABITAT.—The damp forests of the calcareous region in the south of Java aud in
the Island of Nus?a, Kambang, Blu?ne. From Java I have seen some good specimens
in the Berlin Herbarium, collected by Jagor. It grows also in Sumatra, Korthals.
Blume (1. c.) and Miquel (Ann. Bot. Ind. i, p. 6.) mention this species also from'
Bornéo, but the specimens I have seen as coming from this country differ in many
respects from the typical ones from Java. In West Java it receives the name of
"Hooy mukka" and in the eastern part that of " Panjaling t j a t j i n g " (Blumo).
OBSERVATIONS.—This is a very remarkable species closely related to C. exilia of
the Malayau peninsula and to other Bornean species. It seems a rather variable
plant in the dimensions of the leaves and in tho size of the fruit. The specimens
from Sumatra collected by Korthals have more robust leaves than the Javan ones,
and in one of them I counted about 60 leaflets on each side.
The seed is placed vertically in the fruit, and in consequence it is not depressed
as described by Blume, but laterally compressed ; the groove on one of the faces, of
which Blume speaks, is that occupied by the embryo.
The seed described and figured by Blume, which I have seen, is almost round;
9 mm. in diam. and 5 mm. thick; that of Jagor's specimens (perhaps uot quite
mature) is slightly ovoid, 7 mm, long, 5 mm. broad, aud 4 mm. thick, but the
structure is the same as in Blume's one.
I have seen a very incomplete specimen of what Blume has considered a.'?
G. ciliaris from Borneo. This specimen diSers from the typical ones in the leaflets
less distinctly 3-costato or with a i-iither strong mid-costa and the side-nerves
slendtr and with shorter bristles than in the type, and in the leaf-rachis armed
in its lower surface along tho middle and also at the aides with numerous approximate
small claws ; the basal portion of the spadis is also aculeolate. I entertain,
however, some doubts about the locality of this specimen and therefore about the
presence of C. ciliaris in Borneo.
C. ciliaris is characteiized amongst the allied species by its very small linear
leaflets, almost equally broad from the base to a little below the summit with
very numerous excessively fine long cilia at the margin ; the hairy-scabrid leafeheaths,
spathes and spathels; and tlio roundish fruit.
PLATE. 129.—Calamus ciliaris Bl. Two entire leaves, one with portion of the
sheathed stem and a flagellum ; an almost entire male spadix ; mature fruit ; seen
ANM. Ro-y. BOT. GARD. CALCUTTA VOL. X I .