334 ANNALS OF THE KOTjH, BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA. [C. pilosellus.
eolitary prickles; mehis armed beneath aloag the middle (like the petiole) with solitary
claws, these becoming closer aod smaller towards the apex, bifaeed and acute
above and covered with a ferrusineons down, and furthermore finely tubercled-scabrid
owing to the bases of the rusty hairs with which it is clothed ; leaflets numerous
(35 pairs in one leaf), equidistant, 10-12 mm. apart, vcTy regularly inserted at an
angle of about 45°, alternate or almost opposite, narrowly lanceolate, almost equally
narrowed to both ends, acuminate at the summit, thinly papyraceous, rather firm, green
and subconcolorous on both surface?, with the acute mid-costa and 2-3 secondary
nerves on each side of it furnished with long fulvous bristles on the upper surface,
-where furthermore on the very slender tertiary nerves are longitudinally arranged
numerous very minute aiid short bulbous hairs; on the under surfico the mid-costa
and the secondary nerves are indistinct and the very numerous (about 50) and very
slender tertiary nerves are closely covered with excessively minute and short bulbous
hairs, which render that surface scabrid to the touch and are almost invisible to
the naked eye; margins rather closely ciliated with fine long fulvous erecto-patent
hairs ; transverse veinlets few, distant and short, not very conspicuous ; the largest
leaflets, tlie mesial, 10 cm. long, lU-Il mm. broad, acuminate to a capillary point,
the lowermost smaller and narrower, the upper ones a trifle smaller but less acuminate
and with a bristly-hairy tip, the two of the terminal pair free at the base.
Male spadix slender, elongate, rigid, ereck, in one specimen 1 m. in length, including
the terminal filiform flagellum, glabrous, smooth, and not hairy-scabriJ in any park,
ultradecompound, with 5 partial inflorescences; primary spathes elongate, tubular, closely
sheathing, obliquely truncate, entire and naked at the mouth, where prolonged at
one side into a short point; the lowej'raost unarmed, somewhat flattened, rather
acutely b,vo edged, the upper ones cylindracoous, sparsely aculeolate on tho dorsal
side near their base; partial inflorescences panicled, lax, the lowest, the largest, 13
cm. long, inserted at or a little above the mouth of their respective spathes, with
a distinct axillary callus and transverse rima, ascending at first, then arched and
scorpioid, with a few branchlets near the base and some very slender spikelets in
their upper part; the upper inflorescences with only 3-4 spikeiets on each side, of
which the lowermost barely branched and the upper ones very short and very fewflowered;
aeeondary spathes unarmed, glabrous, tubular, very slightly enlarged above,
closely sheathing, prolonged at ono side into a triangular acute or acuminate point ;
spikelets (like the branchlets) inserted above the mouth of their own spathes, with a
distinct axillary callus, patent, arched downwards and subscorpioid ; the largest, the
lowest, 15-20 mm. long with 8-10 alternate remote biseriate assurçent flowers;
the other spikelets gradually shorter, the uppermost with 2-3 flowers only; spathels
elongate, tubular, closely sheathing, slightly enlarged above or narrowly infundibuliform,
subscarious in their upper part, prolonged at one side into a
triangular acute point; involucre discoid or pateriform, circular or obsoletely trigonous,
elightly concave or almost flat, inserted outside its own spathel at tho base of the
one above, with a distinct axillary callus next to the axis, more or less supported
b y a thick short pedicel or nQck.—Male flowers, female flowers and fruit unknown.
HABITAT.—Borneo ; probably in Sarawak, Lohh 1853 in Herb. Kew.
OssESVATiONa.—Of this I have seen an entire leaf with a portion of its leafsheath
and an entire male spadix from which all the flowers had fallen. Related to
C. saramahensis.'] BEOCAEI. MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 335
C, ciliaris, but distinct by its much larger leaves with fewer larger lanceolate leafletsby
the glabrous not scabrid spadix and by the almost unarmed, not scabrid leaf ;
sheaths. It is also allied to C. extlU, but in this the sheaths and the different parts
of the spadix are very scabrid and the leaflets are a good deal more elongate and
beneath only spinulous on the primary and secondary nerves, the tertiary ones being
naked.
PtATE 132.—Calamus pilosellus Becc. The entire specimen of Lobb 1853 in Herb.
111. CALAMUS SARAWAKENSIS Becc. in Records Bot. Surv. Ind. ii, p. 208.
DESCRIPTION.—Scandent, slender. Sheathed stem 7-10 mm. in diam. Leaf-sheaths
flagelliferous, strongly gibbous above, obliquely truncate and smooth at the mouth
opaque, not rough to the touch, but under a strong lens very flnely papillose, finely
longitudinally striate, armed with a few scattered solitary short broad-based horizontal
straight spines. Osrea very shortly liguliforin and forming a narrow glabrous
smooth rim to the mouth of the sheath. Leaf-sheath fia^ella veiy slender, flattened
and almost unarmed in their lower portion, feebly clawed upwards, otherwise glabrous
and not scabrid. Leaves not cirriferous, CO-65 cm. long, including the petiole ; this
rather elongate (18-20 cm.), channelled only near the base, otherwise flat and
smooth above, slightly convex beneath, the margins acute and armed with relatively
strong reuiote short horizontal straight or slightly hooked prickles; rachis slender, armed
beneath along the middle (as is tho petiole) with solitary scattered black-tipped claws,
btfaced in its upper surface where hairy-ciliolate on the very acute angle, othermee
glabrous and smooth; leaflets not numerous, 16-18 in all, inequidistant, but not
fascicled, 3-5 cm. apart, linear-ensiform or linear-lanceolate, thinly papyraceous,
dark-brown like the other parts of the plant when dry, very slightly paler beneath
than above, almost equally narrowed to both ends, acute at the base, gradually and
finely acuminate to the summit into a bristly tip, with 5-7 very fine minutely
spinulous costulae in the upper surface where the mid-costa is very slightly strong'er
than the side ones, and like tho minor nerves sprinkled with very small scattered
spinules; the lowur surface entirely covered with very minute short subspinulous
hairs, and these arranged along the very numerous longitudinal nerves and nerveletstransverse
veinlets rather sharp, but remote and very short; margins very remotely
ftdpressedly and inconspicuously spinulous; the largest leaflets, those about the middle
20-22 cm. long, 15-16 mm. broad; the lower ones narrower and shorter, the upper
somewhat shorter, but not narrower; the two of the terminal pair free at the base
HABITAT.—Borneo ; in Sarawak on Mount Mattang near Kuching, Beccari P B
No. 1 9 2 0 . ' •
OBSERVATIONS.—The type-specimen consists of a portion of the sheathed stem with
two leaf-sheaths and two entire leaves; tho spadices are wanting; nevertheless its
affinitios with the other species of the group of G. ciliaris are very obvious. It is
characterized by tho inequidistant, not numerous, linear-lanceolate leaflets which have
5—7 slender spinulous costae above, and have the lower surface entirely covered with
very minute spinulous hairs, these arranged in very close longitudinal lines; the