ANNALS OF THE EOYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA.
each side; male flowers ovatu, obtuse, straight. Female spadh mth very
partial inflorescences which vary from 30-50 cm. ia length aad bear up to 12 spikelets
on each side; spathels prolonged at one side into a triangular point; areola of the
neuter flower concave, a good deal smaller than the cavity of the fertile flower.
West Tropical Africa:
18. 0. PenottetU Beee.—Slender, scandent. Leaves about 60 cm. long, the
petiole apparently sabcyliudric. Leaflets rather many and approximate, more or less
inoquidistant or interruptedly equidistant, linear-lanceolate; the largest 18-20 cm. long,
12-14 mm. broad. Female spikelets arched and deflesed, 6-7 cm. long, their spathels
broadly infundibuHform, subspathaceous and surrounding the involucra and the
flowers ; areola of the neuter flower concave and deep, forming a cavity almost as
large as the cavity of the female flower so th.it the two cavities are almost of equal
size.
West Tropical Africa : Senegal and Casamance river.
19. C. akimensis QQQC..—Female svadix mth rather large partial
these elongate-pyramidate, in one specimen 50 cm. long with 15 gradually shortening
spikelets on each side. ¡^pikelets thick, vermicular, the larget^t, the lowest, 15 cm. long
with about 25 flowers on each side; spathels spathaceous, broadly and obliquely
infundibulifoim, involucre large, sub-auriculiform, elongate oo the side of the neuter
flower. Fndiing perianth explauate. Fruit rounded at the base, conically ovoid or
gradually iiarrowiug at the apes to a couic beak, about 2 cm. long, 1 cm. broad;
scales in 15 series. Seed oblong, superficially grooved, albumen eqiuible ; embryo basal.
Tropical Africa; Gold Coast.
20. C. Schweinfurthii BQQG.—Slmthed stem 10-15 mm. in diam. Leaves in the
penniferouB part 80-90 cm. long, the petiole itself 25-30 cm. long, flat above and
rounded beneath. Leaflets niimerous, inequidistaut, not distinctly fascicled, narrowly
ensiform, the largest 30-38 cm. long, 15-20 mm. broad. Ocrca elongate, prolonged
externally into a ligule and spinulous on the ventral side. Female spikelets rather
thick, strongly arched and deflexed, 6-7 cm. long, with 14-19 flowers on each side,
spathels broad, infundibuHform. Fruit ovoid lG-i8 mm. long, 11-12 mm. broad,
conically beaked; scales in 15-18 series and m t h a narrow erosely toothed margin.
Central Africa: Niam-Niam and Monbuttu country.
21. C. pachystemonus Tliw.—Very slender. Leaves short, pinnate, 30-10 cm.
long, the petiole very short. Leaflets very few, 2-3 on each side with a terminal
pair, concavo-convex, ovate-or obovate-lanceolate or elliptic, suddenly acuminate, 3-5-
costulate, the two of the terminal pair larger than the others, highly connate. Male
spadi£ filiform with a few remote partial inflorescences ; these elongate, strict,
bearing short, subscorpioid spikelets. Mala flowers cylindraceous, 5 mm. long, slightly
C'lrved.
Ceylon.
22. C. digitatus Becc.—Very slender. Leaves very short. Leaflets usually 3
or at most 3-4 in all, digitate or subpinnate, oblong-spathulate, 3-5iCostulate, the
two of the terminal pair more or lesi confluent by their bases; the others, when
BECCAEL MO^'OG•RAPH OF THE GENUS CALAMUS. 75
present, more or less approximate to these. Male spadix filiform with a few remote
partial inflorescences; these elongate, strict, with many short subscorpioid spikelets;
male flowers cylindraceous, curved, 4 mm. long. Fruit globular, 9-10 mm. in diam. ;
scales in 12 scries.
Ceylon,
23. C. tadiatus Thw.—Very slender. Leaves not pinnate. Leaflets 5-8, radiate
or digitate, broadly linear, unicostate, grouped at the apex of the petiole and not
disposed at the sides of it. ISpadiccs slender filiform. Fruit globular, 10-11 mm. in
diam. ; scales in 15 series.
24-. C. ruuidus Becc.—Apparently slender or of moderate size. Leaves comparatively
short. Leaflets very few, remote, alternate, ohlanceolate, slightly concavo-convex,
28-30 cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, 5-costulate, the costaj naked on both surfaces ; the two
of the terminal pair broader than the side ones and rather highly connate by their
bases. Fmale spadiz not flagelliferous, rather short with a few short and approximate
partial inflorescences. Frimar// spalkes decayed in their upper part. Spikelets 0-7 cm.
long, rather thick, vntli nimierous very approximate bifarious flowers ; secondary spai/ies,
spathels and invohicra very scabrid. Fruiting perianth explanate. Fruit small,
spherical.
Borneo.
25. C. snabridulus Becc.—Scandent, apparently slender or of moderate size.
Leq/lels not very numerous, subequidistant, 4-7 cm. apart, flat (not concavo-convex")
narrowly lanceolate or ensifonn, 40-45 cm. long, 2-2*5 cm. broad, 3-costulate
t h e costse bristly spinulous above and sparingly spinulous beneath near tlie apex ;
t h e two leaflets of the terminal pair slightly shorter and slightly broader than thé
side ones, shortly connate at their base. Female spadix soeming'ly elongate; partial
infloreseeneas elongate with about 10 ratlier remote slender spikelets on each sidesecondary
spathes, spathels and invohicra veiy scabrid.
Billiton.
26. C. muricatus Becc.—Slender, scandent. Skcaihed sieni 13-16 mm, in diam.
Leaf-sheaths anned with very short, confluent, broad-based spines which rest on
anmilar raised ridges; tliese alternating with interruiited wrinkles. Leaves with a long
petiole. Leaflets about 14-15 on each side, very iuequidistant but not grouped, linear,
about S-T cm. long, 13-14 nmi. broad, 3-costulate, the 3 costcc bristly above,
beneath the mid-costa only bristly, the two terminal leaflets smaller than the side
ones, free at the base.
Borneo.
27. C. zonatus Becc.—Very slender. Sheathed stem 7-8 mm. in diam. Leafsheaths
ornai\iented with approximate annular prominent ribs, which are scabrid on
their crest or sometimes furnished with pungent warfs or rudimentary spines. Leaves
50-70 cm. long; petiole short (2-5 cm. long). Lmflets 10-12 on each side,
inequidistant, not distinctly grouped, linear, 20-28 cm. long, 10-l;a mm. broad^
3-costulate; the uùd-cost:i sparingly bristly above, all nerves naked beneath. Female
spadiz elongate-filiform; spikelets very slender; seconda^/ spathes and spathels scabrid.
Borneo.
ANN. EOY. BOT. GARD. CALCUTTA VOL. X I.