S94 AN^'ALS OF THE ilOYAX BOTAJTIC GAEDEH, CALCUTTA. [C. Warburgii.
and arise erect from this aud then spreading, the lower ones tlio largest, about 40
cm. long, with S-10 spikelets on cach side; aecondary spathes as in tbs male spadix;
spikclets arising ercct from their own spatlie, to the bottom of which they are
inserted with a-flattened pGdicel, 8-10 cm. long with 18-20 flowers on each side;
epathela infuiidibuliform truncate at the mouth and prolonged at one side into a
rather long point; invokcropliorum calyciform, narrowed at the base and inserted at
the bottom of its own spathel, acutely bidentate and two-keeled on the side next to
the axis; involucrum unilaterally evolute, deep cupular-auriculiform; areola of the
neuter flower ovate-lanceolate in outline, very distinct. Femalt flowers 3-3'5 rum.
long. Fndting perianth explanate (not pedzcelliforui); tho calyx finely striately veined
divided into 3 broad, ovate, suddenly apiculate lobes; tho segments of the corolla
broadly lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the oalyx and also striately veined. Fruii
globose, small, about 1 cm. in diam.; scales in 12 series, shining, ycUowish-brown,
narrowly channelled along the middle with a rather dark narrow marginal and
towards the rather obtuse tip broadening line, the margin finely ciliate-fringed. Seed
orbiculai-, convex and deeply pitted on the back, concave on the raphal side, 7 mm.
broad, its surface when dry densely hairy-velvety, being covered with numerous
elongate filamcntose adherent cellules belonging to the integument, of which the
iieshy part has been destroyed; albumen equable; embryo basal.
HiBiTAT.—The Malayan Peninsula at Bata Pahat in the State of Johore {H. N,
Ridley, Nov. 1900, No. 11126 in Herb. Becc. and No. 11216 in Herb. Kew); at
Singapore, Ponggol Rd. Ridley (No. 11304). Ridley I.e. indicates also the localities
of Serangoon Kd. and Changi (No. 6275) in Singapore; of Sungei (River) Tebrau,
and of Kuala Pakang in Pahang. Malay name "Rotang 13akau" (Ridley).
Observatioss.—Evidently related to C. ZoUingerii, ovoideus and andtmanicus, but
entirely distinct from all.
Amongst tho specics of Calamus of which the fruit is known to me, this only
has a seed with a velvety surface, apparently produced by the partial destruction of
the integument which is probably fleshy when fresh and afterwards leaves the more
persistent cells of its tissue adherent to the testa of the seed, It is furthermore
distinguished from the other species of the group by the leaves with numerous
equidistant cnsiform unicostate leaflets, which are smooth in the upper surfaco and
are finely bristly-spinulous on 3 and even 5 nerves beneath and furthermore
sprinkled there vrith very small rusty scales, and by the small globose fruit with
the scales finely ciliate-fringed at the margin.
P l a t e 168.—CaUmus aquatilis Eidlcj/. The summit of a leaf; an entire partial
inflorescence from a male epadix.—Ridley's specicoen in Herb. Bccc.
P l a t e 169.—Calamus aquatilis Ridley. Portion of a leaf, upper surfaco, not very
far above its base; two portions of the fruit-spadix; detached mature fruit; seeds
from ioreal and raphal aide, one longitudinally cut through the embryo.—From
Ridley's specimen in Herb. Becc.
142. Calamus Warburgii K. Schum. in Schum. und Laut. Fl. deutschcn Schutz.
in der Sildsee, 203.
C. Warburgii.'] BKCOABI. MONOGEAPH OP THE GENDS CALAMUS. 395-
Desckiption.—Scandent, rather robust. Leaf-sheaths (in the small portion of one
specimen seen by me) fugaciously grey-furfuraceous, unarmed on the back and at
the sides and furnished on tho ventral side of its upper part with weak, crowded,
horizontal, brownish or greyish furfuraceous, laminar, pectinate spines, which are confluent
by their base, subulate in their free portion, and 1 cm. long at most.
Ocrea inconspicuous. Leaves very large, about 1-5 m. long in tlie piiiniferous part,
terminating in a long (I metre and more) robust cirrus; this strongly armed with
not very large black-tipped highly connate claws ; these usually are grouped iu numbersof
six and form many very regularly arranged half-whorls, which are 3 cm. apart
at first and gradually more approximate the nearer tho summit, wliero tliey aro
almost in contact one with the other; petiole almost obsolete (15 mm. long);
rachis iu its basal portion 14-15 mm. broad, flattish and naked above with its
margin finely and acutely spinulous-serrate, slightly furrowed at the sides where are
inserted the leaflets; higher up the rachis is flattish, also beneath and in section
almout rectangular, towards the summit ia acutely bifaceil above, and roundish
beneath where at first armed with solitary and nearer the cirrus with 3 - 6 halfwhorled
claws; leaflets very numerous, pectinate or very regularly and very closely
(15 mm. apart) set, the lower ones almost horizontal; the upper one.s inserted at
an angle of about 45°, all except those nearer tho petiole, wihch are narrower and
shorter, about of the same size, Ü0-26 cm- long, 18-22 mm. broad, very narrowly
lanceolate, slightly narrowed to the base, where suddenly plicate without an axillary
callus at their insertion, gradually acuminate into a slender laterally bristly-spinulous
tip, glabrous, subshining above, barely paler beneath, papyraceous, rigidulous,
3-costulate, the mid-ccsla acute and scarcely spinulous above; the side-costae very
slender, with a few brown bristles, chiefly nearer the summit; beneath the costae
are slender, and that of the centre has more and longer bristles than the side ones;
transverse veinlets slender, much interrupted and anastomosing; the margina,
especially the lower one, somewhat thickened by a nerve, finely and adpressedly
spinnlous. Male i]}adix Femalñ spadix rather large (not seen entire by
me) with a rigid aud straight axis and numerous distichous rather approximate partial
inflorescences; primary spathes short, almost all of equal size and shape, the
larger ones, the lowest, 7-8 cm. long, papyraceous, brown, exsuccous, marcescent,
tubular, somewhat flattened, almost horizontally truncate and entire at the mouth,
prolonged at one side into a short triangular acute point, unarmed or slightly
tubercled-spinulous ; the peduncular part of the spadix stout, 2 cm. broad, quite
flat on tho inner side, convex and densely tubercled-spinulous on tho back ; partial
inflorescences arising erect from their respective spatho
spreading, inserted inside to the bottom of their respectiv
flattened pediccl, 30-15 cm. long, with 10-12 spikelets (
spathels tubular-infundibuliform, unarmed, polished, exsucco
upper part, which remains obviously distinct from the living one,
liquely truncate, entire and naked at the mouth, prolonged at one ;
broad triangular point; spikelets some
to the bottom of their respective spat
larger ones, the lowest, 6-7 cm. long,
infundibuliform, striately veined outside, horizontally trnnouth,
apiculate at one aide ; involuerophorum inserted at the
broadly asymmetrically
cate aud naked at the e
md thei
spathe
1 each
3 and
les.'i
through a long
side ; secondary
their
. obshort
insido
or le
icwhat flattened, erccto-patent, inserted
itho through a slender flattened pedicel; tht
vith about 20 iiowers on each side
AsN. Roy. Bot. Gaed. Oai