A>:NALS OP THE BOTAL B0T.I2\'IC GABDEIT, CALCUTTA. [C. barrens.
in Herb. Kow: one seed from the back, another seed longitudinally cut in two
halves, from the fruit spadix mentioned above.
77. CALAMUS HOERENS B1. Rumphia iii, 4; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 333
Walp. Ann. iii, 483, and v, 830; Miq. FL Ind. Bat. iii, 115, and De
Palmis, 27; H. Wendl. in Kerch. Les Palm. 236; Becc. Rec. Bot.
Surv. Ind. ii, 206:
G. viminalis (not of Willd. nor of any other) Reinw. in JIart. 1. c. iii,
335, and pi. U, f. 3.
DESCRIPTION.—Scandent, slender or of moderate size. Sheathed siem 1-2 cm. in
'iiam. Leaf-sheaths gibbous above, armed with scattered, unequal, long or short,
subulate, laminar, brown, spreading, solitaiy spines, which are usually obliijuely inserted
and are hollowed underneath in their broad base. Ocrea glabrous, short (6-10
mm. long), truncate, exauccous, brown. Leaf-sheath flagella very slender, flattened and
acutely two-edged in their lowei- portion, where scantily spiauloua at the sides,
armed upwards" as usual with solitary or irregularly aggregate but not half-whorled
claws. Leaves not cirriferous, about 1 in. in length ; petiole aboui! 15 cm. long,
flat and smooth above, convex and armed below along the middle with blacktipped,
straight, slightly deflexed spines and at the margins with other very
unequal, straight, horizontal spines of which a few are 1-2 cm. long and others
much shorter, but not hooked ; the upper surface of the rachis, in its lower
portion, is flat in the centre and channelled at the sides where are inserted the leaflets,
and is smooth and acutely bifaced in its upper portion; the lower surface
is convex and is rather densely armed at the sides with small and occasionally
rather long, straight spines, and along the middle with a line of straight blacktipped
slightly deflexed moderate spines, which are transformed towards the summit
into solitary rather approximate claws; leaflets very numerous, equidistant and rather
approximate, alternate or subopposite, Hnear-ensiform or very narrowly lanceolate,
somewhat attenuate at the base, where suddenly plicate; very acuminate at the
apex, subshining in the upper siuiace, very slightly paler beneath, tiicostate, or
with the mid-costa accompanied on each side with a secondary nerve stronger
than the others, the three nerves furnished above with remote spadiceous bristles;
the other secondary nervea smooth, one of these generally running in close proximity
to or along the margins; in the lower surface the mid-costa slightly prominent
and sparsely bristly-spinulous; margins rather closely and not very appressedly
spinulous; transverse veinlets fine, much interrupted; the largest leaflets, the lower ones,
20-35 cm. long, and 15-17 mm. broad, the upper ones gradually decreasing in size;
the two oi the terminal pair quite free at the base, almost all furnished on the
mid-costa near the base on tlie upper surface with 1-2 small, rigid spinules.—Other
parts unknown.
HABITAT. The low land of Java on the sea coast near Batavin, Blume,
OBSERVATIONS.—I have seen a portion of a leaf from the authentic specimens of
C. horrens, which has enabled me to recognize this species in some more complete
specimens coming from the Botanic Garden of Buitenzorg, where they were cultivated
C. Godefroyi.'] BECCARI. MONOGEAPH OP THE GENUS CALAMUS.
under name of C. stohniferus. Teysm. & Binn. The leaflets of the authentic, like
those of the cultivated, specimens, are usually furnished on their mid-costa near the
base, not very far from their insertion, in tho upper surface, with one but sometimes
with two small rigid and distinct spinules, a very peculiar character of great assistance
in the identification. In fact, amongst all the species of Calamus I have examined
I have found this character only in C. Roiang and very frequently in C. tenuis, which,
however, 0. horrens so much resembles that I found it no easy matter to distinguish
the one from the other. From what I can judge from the sterile specimens only,
C. temiis differs from C. horrens in the petiole being more frequently armed with
deflexed and hooked spines, but in the leaflets I have been unable to discover the
slightest difference between the two. Probably G. horrens must be considered as an
insular form of C. tenuis, a relatively widely distributed species, but in the absence
of the spadices and fruit of the first it is difficult to settle the question.
C. horrens in its vegetative organs approaches C. Reimoardtii, but the first has
black-tipped spines, a short ocrea, and leaflets with 3 bristly nerves in the upper
surface, beside the characteristic spinule, which however is occasionally
of the same leaf.
G. stohniferus Teysm. & Binn. is mentioned by Miquel (De Palm. 27), but nowhere
have I seen a description of it.
To C. horrens I have also reduced G. viminalis of Reinwardt (Mart. I.e., not of
Willd.) of which I have seen the specimens mentioned by Martius that are
preserved in the Herbarium at Munich attached to two sheets of paper, the one
labelled : " J a v a " by Reinwardt himself, the other " C. viminalis ex Reinw.: Celebes
ubi Rotang Java dicitur, Reinwardt" in the handwriting of Martius. In these
specimens the sheathed stem is hardly 1 cm. in diam. and the leaf-sheatha are
leas spinescent than in the typical forms ; the leaflets, however, are fm-nished with
the characteristic spinule. I have based my description mainly on the cultivated
specimens from Buitenzorg, usually more robust than the wild ones; they have the
sheathed stem 2 cm. in diam. and the leaf-sheaths bear many very small blacktipped
spines, intermingled with the usual ones; these are long, very broad at the
base, where they are almost callous above and concave beneath; but indeed the
armature of the sheaths in this as in tho typical forms of C. tenuis is very variable
as to the number of the spines, not as to their nature. The leaves of the
cultivated specimens have about 40 leaflets on each side and are M - 1 ' 3 m. long,
but sometimes do not exceed 80 cm.
PLATE 95.—Calamus horrens Bl. An intermediate portion of a sheathed stem with
the base of two leaves and of two flagella, and intermediate portion of a leaf, upper
surface ; the summit of a leaf, under surface.—From a plant cultivated at Buitenzorg
(Herb. Becc.).
78, CALAMUS GODEFHOYI Becc. sp. n.
DESCKIPTIOS.-Scandent, slender. Sheathed stem about 15 mm. in diam. Leafiheaths
rather densely armed with broad-based, underneath concave, laminar, elongate
triangular, fringed-furfuraceous, black-tipped spines. Ocrea very short. Leaves
AHN. HOT. BOX. SARD. CALCUTTA VOL. X I.