'2Q2 ANNALS OP THE KOrAL BOTANIC GAEDEN. CALCUTTA. [(?. tenuis.
PLATE 93.—Calamus gogoleuais Bece. Portion of the sheathed stem with the base
of a leaf and the lower portion of a flagollum; the summit of the leaf, of which the
base 19 attached to the sheath in the figure mentioned above.—From Lauterbach's
type-specimen in Herb. Berol.
76. CALAMUS TKNUIS Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, 780 (printed temiius)-, Kunth Enum.
Plant, iii, 211; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 212 (1st edit.) and 335;
Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist, v, 46 and Palms Brit. Ind. 57, pi, cxciii
A.B.C.; Walp. Ann. iii, 485, and v, 830; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii, 118;
Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xliii (lS7i) 212, pi. xxxm, and
For. Fl. Brit. Burma 520; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi, 447: Becc. in
R e c . B o t . SUIT. I n d . ii, 206.
C. RoyUanus Grifi. in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist, v, 40, and Palms Brit. Ind.
53, pi. cxci; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 335; Walp. Ann. iii, 485 aud
V, 830.
C. Heliotropmm Ham. Cat. Dried Plants, 90, No. 877 (name only, as from
Griff.); Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii (1st edit.) 211 and 334; Kunth
Enum. PI. iii, 210; Griff, in Calc. Jouxn. Nat. Hist, v, 44, 51 and Palms
Brit. lud. 61; Walp. Ann. iii, 484, and v, 830; H. Wendl. in Kerch
Les Palmiets, 236 [excl. PhoenicoicorpiuruB Pluk.?, this reduced to O.
Rotang (L) Willd].
C. amarus Lour. Fl. Cochinchin., Ist edit., 1790, i, 210?
DESCRIPTION.—High scandent, rather slender or of moderate size. Sheathed stern
1- 2 cm. iu diam.; naked canes 5-15 mm. in diam. with a light-yellowish vitreous
surface; the internodes 15-25 cm. long. Leaf-sheaiht gibbous above, mote or less armed
with horizontal, scattered, straight, usually short apines which have a narrow, 8-10
mm. long, brown tip and a broad light base, this hollow or concave underneath; sometimes
two or more spines, disposed in oblique series, are in nontact by their extendep
bases, or the spines being quite rudimentary, their bases form many interrupted
oblique slightly raised ridges. Leaf-tkeath flag^lla very slender, compressed and unarmed
or nearly so in their basal portion, terete and armed upwards with scattered solitary
or more or less confluent claws. Ocrea short, 5-10 mm, long at most, truncate,
brown, exsuccous, brittle, glabrous. Leaves not cirriferous, relatively short (0-6-1 m.
long), fugaciously and finely furfuraceous; petiole 10-15 cm. long or shorter^
broadly channelled or flattish above, rounded and almost unarmed or sparingly
furnished along ihe middle with short, almost straight spines below, its margins very
acute, more or less irregularly and remotely armed with small, straight or hooked,
spines; rachis bifaced aud smooth above in its upper portion, sub-regularly armed
beneath along the middle with solitary black-tipped claws, which sometimes have a
rather long and almost straight point; leaflets very numerous, 20-35 on each side,
papyraceous, equidistant and rather approximate, alternate or sub-opposite, linear,
ensiform or very narrowly lanceolate, somewhat attenuate at the base, where suddenly
plicate, very acuminate at the apex, sub-shining on the upper surface, very slightly
paler beneath; tricostafo, or with the mid-costa accompanied on each aide by a
C. tenuis.'] BECCAEI. MONOGRAPH OP THE GENUS CALAMUS. 263
secondary nerve stronger than the others; the three nerves furnished above with
remote rather long spadiceous bristles; the other secondary nerves smooth, one of these
generally running in close proximity to or along the margins; on the lower surface
the mid-costa very slightly prominent and sparingly spinulous; margins rather closely
and not very appressedly spinulous; transverse veinlets not very crowded, rath or
sharp and short; in some leaflets the mid-costa frequently furnished near the base
on its upper sm-face with a small rigid spinule; the largest leaflets, the lower ones,
20-35 cm. in length, in smaller specimens 15-18 cm. only, and 15 mm. broad, the
upper ones gradually decreasing in size; the two of the terminal pair quite free at
the base. Male spadix very long (1*5 in. and sometimes more), ultradecompound, with
rather many partial inflorescences; these 15-20 cm. apart; lowest primary spathe
tubular, elongate, somewhat flattened, acutely two-edged, aculeolate, truncate at the
mouth; upper primary spathes tubular-elongate, cylindraceous, somewhat enlarged and
rather loosely sheathing in their upper part, where more or less prickly, much
attenuated at the base, where flat on the inner side, convex and sparingly clawed on
the back, prolonged at the summit into an acute and ultimately decayed point, keeled
on ihe back; partial inflorescences with a slender filiform axis, the largest, the lower
ones, 15-20 cm. long, rather dense, panicled, subpyramidate, with some simple
spikelets in their upper part and a few branchlets lower down, the branchlets
spreading and arched; the largest of these, the lower <mes, 8-10 cm. long with
8-10 spikelets on each side and a terminal spikelet longer than the side ones; the
upper branchlets gradually smaller; secondai-y spathes narrowly tubular-infundibuliform,
more or less obliquely truncate at the mouth and prolonged at one side into
a triangular acute distinctly striately veined point, fugaciously scaly-furfuraceous;
tertiary spathes or spathes of the branchlets gradually becoming smaller towards the
extremity of these, tubular with a suddenly enlarged small limb; spikelets attached
a few millimeters above the mouth of their respective spathe with a distinct axillary
callus, the largest, the lower ones, 2-3 cm. long with 6-10 distichous flowers on
each side, rapidly decreasing in length and number of flowers from the base of the
inflorescence upwards, those of the summit very short and with very
few flowers; the axis of the spikelets very slender, filiform, sinuous; spathels
very narrowly tubular and angular at the base, suddenly widened into a
small broadly infundibuliform or sometimes bracteiform, strongly striately veined
acute limb; involucre usually almost exscrt from its own spathe, and obliquely
attached to the base of the spathel above its own, concave, rather shallow
bidentate on the side next to the axis. Male flowers distichons, appressed to every
flexure of the axis (like the male flowers of a Pinanga) completely exsert from
the involucres, inserted at an angle of 45°, 4 mm. long, 1 ram. thick, oblong, very
obsoletely trigonous, acute or apiculate; calyx subcampanulate, striately veined, divided
down not quite to the middle iiito 3 broad acute lobes; corolla nearly twice as long
as the calyx, tubular at the base, divided down to about the middle into three
ovate-lanceolate acute segments; stamens with subulate filaments; these inflected at
the apex in the bud, ndnate by their bases to the tubular portion of the corolla;
anthers versatile, lanceolate-sagittate, acute at the apex, rounded at the base; rudi
mentary ovary very small, not reaching to the middle of the undivided portion of
the corolla. Female spadix like the male, but simply decompound; partial inflorescences
ascendent from inside the mouth of their own spathe, then arched and spreading,