406 ANNAL3 o r THE HOTAL BOTANIC GAEDEN, CALCUTTA. fatifoUus.
t h e inner side, more or less armed with short, scattered, straight, slightly deflexed
spines; secondary spathea sparingly aculeolate, tuhular-infundihuliform, obliquely
t r u n c a t e and entire at the mouth, prolonged at one side into a short p o i n t ; spikelets
arched, spreading, 3-5 cm. long, inserted just at the mouth of their own spathe
not or slightly callous at the axilla, with 6-12 very approximate flowers on each
side. Female Jlowen approximate, 4 mm. long. Fruitins peiianth not pedicelliform,
i t s calyx almost entirely split down to the base. Fruit broadly ovoid-ellipsoid, 15
mm. Jong, 9 mm. broad, suddenly narrowed at the summit into a conic beak;
scales as long as broad, rather opaque, almost flat, not or very indistinctly channelled
along the middle, of a dirty straw colour with a dark shining chestnut-brown
i n t r a m a r g i n a l band, which broadens towards the tip; this triangular, somewhat
elongate, rather acute, not very appressed, its margins finely erosely toothed. Seed
rounded at both ends, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, convex and rather deeply pitted
on the back, flattish and with an elliptic and rather deep chalazal fovea on the
raphal side; albumen equable; embryo basal.
HABITAT.—Camboja, prov. Ipong on the Kuang Repen mountains and in Lower
Cochin-China on the Dinh mountains near Baria, Pierre No. 4847.
t h e Kmer language and " M a y roup"
Native names: " I c h u a n "
t a u " in Annam {Pierre).
OBSERVATIOKS.—Distinguishable from the type by its smaller dimensions, the
narrower leaflets and the female spikelets shorter; the fruit smaller and more
globose; the scales with a slightly longer tip. Probably the leaf-specimens which
accompany the fruit-spadices in Pierre's H e r b a r i um are from the lower part of the
s t em or from a young plant, as the rachis is armed with straight and not hooked
spines—a fact which is of common occurrence in many species of Calamus.
I should have been much inclined to refer to this variety of 0. pahstria the
C, verus of Loureiro, whose description of the leaves corresponds sufficiently well,
but that of the spadis is apparently of a Daemonorops.
PLATE 175.—Calamus palustris var. cochin-cbinensia Becc. Basal portion of a
( r a d i c a l ? ) leaf from underneath; summit of a fruit spadix.—From Pierre's No. 4847
i n Herb. Becc.
147. CALAMUS LATiroLics Roxb. Fl, Ind. iii. 775 ; Kunth Enum. Plant, iii.
207 ; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. iii. 208 (1st edit.) and 339, t. 160 f.
V; Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 60 and Palms Brit. India,
86, t. cxcviii (excl. Eatu-isjitrel Hort. Malab. xii. t. 56}; Kurz in
J o u m . Asiat. Soc. Bengal, xliii. (1874), 210 (partly and excl. t. xxxi
Aj, and For. Fl. Brit. Burma, ii. 518 ( p a r t l y ) ; Hook. fil. Fi. Brit.
I n d . vi. 455 (excl. C. inermi» T. And,); Becc. in Eec. Bot. Surv.
l u d ii. p. 211.
C. humiliz Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 773.
C. macracanihus T. And. in Journ. Linn, Soc. xi.
Man. of Ind. Timb. p. 424.
I, 10; (iamble,
c. latifolius.'] BECCAEI . MONOGRAPH OP THE S E N U 8 CALAMUS. 4 0 7
DESCRIPTION.—High scandent and of moderate size. Sheaihed stem about 3 cm.,
a n d the naked canes 15 mm. in diam.; internodes about 25 cm. long. Leaf-sheaths
non-flegellifcrous, strongly gibbous above, more or less armed with very large laminar
elastic elongate-triangular sublanceolate, 2 - 3 cm. long spines, which ai-e solitary or
scattered, but more f r e q u e n t l y confluent and with intervals of 3-6 cm., more or less
irregularly whorled, their base is swollen above and concave beneath. Ocrca very
short, axillary, liguliform. Leaves of the upper part of the adult plant 2 - 2 ' 5 m. in
l e n g t h in the pinniferous p a r t ; the cirrus itself another metre long and armed
w i t h numerous strong, more or less aggregate irregularly half or f-whorled claws;
petiole short and stout, 10-20 cm. long, rounded and unarmed beneath, the margins
acute at first, obtuse upwards, more or less spinulous, flattish and usually smooth
above; rachis in the first portion convex on both surfaces and armed with solitary
s t r o n g claws beneath; in the upper part obtusely bifacetl and smooth above and
obsoletely angular beneath, where armed with half-whorls of strong claws; leaflets
r e l a t i v e l y few, 28-30 in all, very inequidistant, not very regularly geminate on
each side of the rachis, with irregular vacant spaces (l.')-25 cm. long) interposed
( t h e pairs of one side subopposite or alternating with those of the other side),
t h i n l y papyraceous and rather flaccid in texture, green, subconcolorous on both
surfaces, broadly lanceohite or elliptic-lanceolate conspicuously concavo-convex, very
o f t e n streaked along the lower margin and often also on the blade in the upper
surface with one or more brown, polished, longitudinal bands, narrowed towards and
acute at the base, where not callous at theii- insertion, rather shortly acuminate into
a not very long and bristly-hispid apex; the intermediate ones, the largest, 30-35
cm, long, 6-8 cm. broad, 5-7-co8tulato; the lower ones aud those of the summit
much, smaller and 3-5-costulate; the mid costa barely distinguishable from the side
ones, all tenuous and not very prominent and naked on both surfaces; secondary
nerves rather distinct and numerous; transverse veinlets very minute, rather crowded;
margins appressedly fpinulous. Leaves of the young plants not cirriferous and
t e r m i n a t i n g in two leaflets more or less united by their base and with tho petiole
more or less elongate, semiterete and variously spinous. Male spadix (see var.
marmoratui). Female spadix simply decompound, rigid, erect, paniculate, not very
diffuse, shorter than the leaves, in one specimen about 60 cm. long with not many
( 3 - 4 ) rather approximate spreading partial inflorescences on each side, and terminating
i n a very small and short aculeolate tail-like appendix; primary spathes 7 - 8 era. long,
coriaceous, tubular, closely sheathing, the first compressed, with two acute and spinuous
edges, tho upper ones more cylindracoous, slightly enlarged above, more or less armed
ou the outer side with rather robust subdefiesed spines, truncate and entire at tho
mouth and prolonged at one side into a triangular, more or less decayed and dorsally
keeled point ; partial inflorescences rather short, terminating in a short (about 1 cm
long) tail-like appendix, the lower ones, the largest, 15-20 cm. long, with 4-6
spikelets on each side ; secondary spathes fugaciously scaly-furfuraceous, tubulari
n f u n d i b u l i f o r m , slightly obliquely truncate, entire and ciliolato at the mouth, apiculate
at one side, aculeolate towards the summit on the outer side; spikelets 'spreading,
i n s e r t e d just at the mouth of their own spathe, not distinctly callous at their axilla'
t h e lower ones, the largest, 4-5 cm. long, somewhat zig-zag sinuous, bearing 8-10
r a t h e r approximate flowers on each side; the upper ones shorter and with fewer
flowers ; spathols naore or less scaly-furfuraceous, short, obliquely and