
 
        
         
		by  closing  the  mouth  with  a  goat-skin  stretched  
 over a light framework of  wood.  This lid was  then  
 covered  over  with  sand,  so  that  no  one,  unless  he  
 knew  of  the  exact  position  of  the well  or  actually  
 trod  upon  it,  could  have  the  faintest  clue  to  its  
 whereabouts. 
 The  Sahara  is  said  to  be  by no means so destitute  
 of  water  as  it  is  usually supposed to be.  The  
 Tawareks  are  said  to  have  placed landmarks,  after  
 the manner of a gypsies’  ‘ patteran,’ readable only by  
 themselves,  throughout  the  great  desert to indicate  
 the position of  their wells,  and it is  asserted that by  
 means  of  these  guides  they  will  always  be  able  to  
 find some  hidden  hassi  (well)  within a day or two’s  
 journey from any point in the  Sahara. 
 The  concealment  of  wells  is  now  forbidden  by  
 the  French.  Accordingly  they  are  now  left  uncovered, 
   with  the  result  that,  unless  they  are constantly  
 cleaned out,  they  soon  become choked  with  
 sand. 
 Fortunately Hassi Mamar was  a well in constant  
 use  at  that  time  by some  nomads encamped in the  
 neighbouring  desert.  We  found  two  of  them,  
 whose camp lay concealed in some  small  depression  
 near  by  among  the  desert  scrub,  drawing  water  
 from it when we arrived. 
 Some  enterprising  person  had  constructed  a  
 rough  trough  of  sun-baked  mud by the  side  of  the  
 well  for  the  purpose  of  watering  camels.  The  
 nomads  had  brought  with  them  a  sort  of  bucket,  
 consisting of a bag  of  leather  with a cord  attached,  
 for raising the water,  and  volunteered to draw it for