J.Gr.Kevilemans Kth..
TURDUS XEUCAUCHER.
Ha-nharb imp.
Turdus leucauchen, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 447; Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. v. p. 212
nec Swaius.), Salvin, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 180; id. and Godman, Biol. Centr-Amer.,
Ayes, i. p. 16 (1879: pt.).
T. plag4 guttaralialM conspicuft: caudá nigricante: rostro flavo; notoo scMstaceo H j j H ; rostro corJlu:10
vel nigricante; notseo rafesceuti-brunneo vel saturate olivaacenti-brunneo (jpifl. hum.).
I have already gone so fully into the relations of this species with its Mexican ally, T. tristis, that
I have little to add on the subject under the heading of 9 leucauchen. The latter species was
described by Dr. Sclater from specimens procured in Vera Paz, Guatemala, by Skinner ( . W .
1858 p. 447), and Messrs. Salvin and Godman found it in the same country at Coban, Ohoctam, the
forest between Cahabon and San Luis, and also at Dueñas (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 1&). i t is
likewise found in Chiapas in Southern Mexico, and is apparently resident there, as Mr. Richardson
has sent specimens to Messrs. Salvin and Godman from Union Juarez (March 24-30), from Jitotol
(May 6) and Santa Rita (May 8). The two latter birds are in nearly full breedmg-plumage, while
the ones killed in March -still retain their dark winter dress. ,
The following is a list of the localities in which the species has been -procured, most ot the
specimens being in the Salvin-Godman Collection :-V o lca n de S. Miguel Salvador, March 30
April 5 (W. B. Bichardson: mus. S.-G.); Cayo, western district of British Honduras, Apnl
(P. Blancaneaux: mm. S ,G . ) ; San Pedro, Honduras (<?. M. WMUly: Scl. & Salv P. Z. S 1870,
p. 838); Chontales, Nicaragua (T. B elt: Salvin, Ibis, 1872, p. 314); La Libertad, C h o n te s (W. B.
Bichardson: mm. S.-G.)-, Matagalpa, Aug. 22 to Sept. 28 (W. B. Ewhardson: m u s.S ^G .); Jsk,
May 12-15 (W. B . Bichardson: mus. S .-G .); Santa Cruz, Rio Coco, Apnl 20 (W. B. Bichardson.
mus. S.-G.): Costa Rica; Dota Mountains ( /. Carmiol: Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 9 1 );.Navarro
(J. Cooper: Lawr. I. c.): Tucuiriqui [E. Arcé : mus. S .-G .); Irazu district (H. Bogers I mus. S.-G.)-
Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Boquete de Chitra, CordiRera de Tole, Calovevora, Calobre, Santa Eé
CE. Arc é ; mus. S.-G.: Salvin, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 180).
Messrs. Salvin and Godman w r i t e “ This species is seldom found to be absent irom the
neighbourhood of Dueñas in the plains between the volcanoes of Agua and Fuego, where Ipomea
murocoides abounds. It is there rather a shy bird. We never found its nest, but obtained young
birds which had not thrown off their first spotted plumage. In Vera Paz it. is by no mean common
in the vicinity of Coban; but at a lower elevation in the forests that stretch away to the confines
of Peten it is very abundant. The bird-collectors of Coban obtain many skins from this district
in the dry season between January and March; and we ourselves observed it wherever we went in
these forests. Owing, perhaps, to the different character of the vegetation of this part of Vera Paz
to tbat whicb prevails at Dueñas, it is bere a strictly forest-loving species.
Mr. C. F. Underwood says that on the Volcano of Miravalles, in Costa Rica, T. leucauVhen was
abundant in the forests, feeding on the fruit of the Eigueron and other trees; it was “ somewhat wild,
seeming to perceive one from a long distance” (Ibis, 1896, p. 432).