190 JUNCEyE. \Juncus.
bear fruit, and is perhaps a morbid state of the plant. Its quite smooth stems, and deep-coloured flowers,
readily distinguish it from all forms of J. effusus and glaucus.—The very sportive character of this and the
preceding species, as shown in the present collection, almost induce me to return to my former opinion, that
they are not really distinct.
3. J. effusus. L.—E. Bot. t. 836. Ph. Am. 1.p. 236.—/3. gracilis; panicula minore.
Hab. Canada. Mrs Sheppard. Mrs Percival. Newfoundland.—0. N. W. Coast. Columbia. Douglas.
Dsamr eS caosu ilne ra.—. 0. is a very slender plant, and with a few-flowered panicle; but the flowers and fruit are the
4. J. filiformis (L.); repens aphyllus, scapo gracili filiformi tenuiter striato flaccido,
panicula subsimplici laterali versus medium scapi, sepalis unicoloribus pallidis sutequali-
bus lanceolatis capsula obovata mucronata nitida pallida parum longioribus. E. Bot. t.
1173. Ph. Am. 1. p. 236? not Mx.—J. Pylsei? De la Harpe in Mem. Soc, H . N. 3.
p. 119.
Hab. Saskatchewan to Bear Lake and English River. Dr Richardson. Drummond.—The J. Jiliformis
of Pursh is probably the J. setaceus, Rostkow, a different species, according to specimens from Dr Torrey,
gathered in Middle Florida; being a larger and harsher plant, with very rigid glossy sepals, spreading nearly
horizontally around the almost depresso-globose mucronated capsule. I have excellent specimens, however,
of the true J. Jiliformis, from the United States, gathered by Mr Greene on the White Hills, New Hampshire.
It seems, therefore, in America, to be an alpine or very northern species.
5. J. acutiflorus (Ehrh.); caule erecto foliisque subcompressis articulatis, panicula
terminali decomposi ta, capitulis 5-6-floris, sepalis inasqualibus lanceolatis acutis capsulam
anguste ovatam subacuminatam sequantibus. E . Bot. t. 2143,—J. pelocarpus. Meyer
Syn. p. 30. et in Herb, nostr.—$. minor; capitulis 1-2-floris.—J. Canadensis? Gay.—
Schult. Syst. Veg. 2. p . 211.?
Hab. Canada, to the Slave Lake, and to the marshy ground in the Rocky Mountains. Dr Richardson.
Drummond.—0. Canada. Dr Richardson. Mrs Sheppard.—I am quite unable to distinguish this American
Juncus from our European J. acutiflorus. The whole habit of the plant, the flowers, and the fruit, are the
same. It is also nearly allied to J. lampocarpus, but that has larger flowers and capsules, and the latter
especially of a much darker colour. The var. 0. is a smaller plant, and has the capitula very few-flowered.
6. J. polycephalus (Mich. Am. 1. p. 192); caule erecto foliisque subcompressis articulatis,
panicula terminali decomposita, capitulis majusculis multifloris densissimis globosis,
floribus triandris? sepalis subsequalibus lanceolatis acutissimis rigidis capsulam oblongo-
lanceolatam acutam triquetram nitidam sequantibus. Ph. Am. 1. p. 237. Torr. Am. I.
p. 364.—J. paradoxus? E. Meyer.—Bong. Veg. Sitcha, p. 49.—J. riodosus. L. ?—a. cras-
sifolius; major, foliis multo crassioribus et conspicue compressis. Mich. 1. c.—subvar. 1.
macrocephalus; capitulis paucis magnitudine fere nucis Avellance. J. globosus. Herb.
Banks.—subvar. 2. capitulis mediocribus numerosis.—(3. tenuifolius; minor gracilior,
foliis subfiliformibus. Mich. 1. c. J. echinatus. Muhl.—Rich. App. p. 11.—J. nodosus.
Torrey. Am. 1. p. 361.—J. Roskowii. E. Meyer Syn. p. 26. etin Herb, nostr.—J. macros-
temon ? Gay in Schult. Syst. Veg. v. 7. p. 216.—y. pumilus; subdigitalis gracillimus,
capitulis paucis 1-3.
Juncus.1 JUNCEiE. 191
Hab. a. N. W. Coast, frequent. Douglas.—0. Canada, to Bear Lake. Drummond. D r Richardson.—
y. Moist woods in the Rocky Mountains. Drummond.—Readily known in its various states by the dense
and globose capitula, and the narrow, sharp, rigid sepals. The name echinatus would have been very appropriate
to this species.
7. J. ensifolius (Wikstr. Act. Holm. 1825. p. 1); caule compresso erecto foliosq, foliis
lineari-acuminatis ensiformibus (lateraliter planisj articulatis subflaccidis caulem flori-
ferum subaequantibus, capitulis terminalibus plerumque solitariis subglobosis multifloris,
floribus densissime compactis, bractea exteriori foliacea basi mem bran cea capitu-
lum plerumque superantibusj sepalis lanceolatis acuminati's nitidis capsulam ellipticam
mucronatam sequantibus.—a. minor; capitulo solitario. Cham, et Schlecht. Linncea, 3. p.
373. (et in Herb, nostr.)—J. Mertensianus. Bong. Veget. Sitcha, p. 49. (et in Herb, nostr.)
—J. falcatus. E . Meyer, (fide E. Meyer in Herb, nostr.)—(3. major; capitulis geminis
ternisve etiam subpaniculatis.
Hab. N, W. America. Sitcha ([Bongard), to Unalaschka. Chamisso. Alpine swamps of the Rocky
Mountains, north of the Smoking River. Drummond.—0. Sources of the Columbia River, in the Rocky
Mountains.—An extremely interesting plant, with the leaves, in the dried state at least, flattened at.'the
sides, and thus ensiform as in Iris and Sisyrinchium; this, however, may in some measure be owing to
pressure, and some of the more luxuriant specimens, in their inflorescence, approach the preceding species;
though the usual form of the plant so nearly resembles J. castaneus, that Drummond marked it as probably
a variety.
8. J. uliginosus (Sibth.); caule erecto v. decumbente ssepe radicante foliisque setaceis
obscure articulatis panicula subsimplici irregulari, capitulis pauci- v. pluri-floris, sepalis
oblongis aequalibus subacutis capsulam ellipticam sequantibus. E. Bot. t. 801.—a. minor ;
erectus, floribus intense fuscis,—J. fusco-ater. Schreb. (fide E. Mey. in Herb, nostr.)__
J. bulbosus. L .—J. alpinus. Vill.—/3. subtilis ; caule radicante, floribus subbinis.__J.
subtilis. Meyer Syn. p. 3 1— J. fluitans. Mx.
Hab. «. Arctic Sea-cOast. D r Richardson.—0. Canada. Bose.—These specimens send out copious
radicles, chiefly from the base of the plant. The stems are 3-5 inches high, erect. Panicle very little
branched, with very few, 2-4 capitula, and these few-flowered.
9. J. Richardsonianus (Schult, Syst. Veg. v. 7. p. 201); “ foliis subulatis nodoso-
articulatis, paniculis paucifloris (3-5-floris), capsulis ovalibus calyce obtuso hexandro
longioribus.” Brown in Rich. App, p. 11. sub nom. J. affinis. (non Gaud.)
Hab. Woody country to the Mackenzie River. Dr Richardson.—I am not acquainted with this plant.
Perhaps I may have included it under J. acutiflorus [J. pelocarpus, Meyer).
10. J. bufonius. L .—E . Bot. t. 802. Ph. Am. 1. p. 238.
ScoHualebr.. TDhoruogulgahso.ut Canada to Bear Lake. Dr Richardson. Drummond. N. W. Coast, abundant. Dr
11. J. tenuis. Willd.— Ph. Am. 1. p. 228.—J. gracilis. E. Bot. t. 1724.— J. bicornis.
Mx__Ph.
Hab. Lake Huron, to Bear Lake, and from Hudson’s Bay to the sources of the Columbia in the Rocky