considers the Z. chloranthus to be identical with his Z. glaucus or not. “ Why,” he says, “ this species (Z.
glaums) should have been changed to the name of chloranthus, by Richardson, I am at a loss to conceive,
since the flower is more white than any other colour.” He does not, however, adduce it as a synonym: and
further remarks—“ the northern plant is probably something different.”
2. Z. elegans (P h.); scapo subnudo, bracteis linearibus, petalis acutis. Ph. Am. 1.
p. 241.
H a b . Waters of Cokablaishkit River, near the Rocky Mountains. M. Lewis (in Ph.). In the vallies of
the Rocky Mountains, near the sources of the Columbia, and on the banks of the Saskatchawan and Red
Rivers. (?) Douglas, mst.—I have no specimen in Mr Douglas’ collection, but there can scarcely be a question
that his plant is Z. chloranthus, whatever Pursh’s may be.
3. Z. glaucus (Nutt, in PI. of Rocky M. p. 56); “ bulbo tunicato, foliis glaucis gramineis
margin atis, racemo plerumque simplici paucifloro, floribus hermaphroditis, petalis rotun-
datis unguiculatis bimaculatis, seminibus subulato-alatis/^Melanthium glaucum. Nutt.
Gen, Am. 1. p. 232.
H ab. Banks of the St Lawrence, around the Cataract of Niagara, and on the borders of Lakes Erie and
Huron. Nuttall.—This seems to be only known to Mr Nuttall, if it be really distinct from Z. chloranthus.
3. XEROPHYLLUM. Mich.
1. X . tenax (P h.); foliis longissimis tenacissimis lineari-acuminatissimis marginibus
scabris subtus glaucis, racemis longissimis densifloris, pedicellis erectis, filamentis fili-
formibus perianthium superantibus, bracteis membranaceis. Ph. Am. 1. p. 243. t. 9.
Gray. 1. c.p. 129.—X . setifolium. Lindl. Bot. Reg.-t. 1613. (vix Mx.)
H ab . High lands of the Rocky Mountains (M. Lewis), and summits of the hills around Mount Hood,
Mount St Helens, and the Cascade Mountains. Douglas. Near the summit of Mount Rainier. Tolmie.—
Stem 2-4 feet high. Leaves 2-3 feet long, drooping, chiefly from the root: having, as Mr Douglas remarks,
the habit of Bonapartea juncea. It is one of the greatest ornaments of the western mountains, and the
natives make baskets, hats, pouches, bags, bottles, mats for sleeping on, &c., of its strong foliage. Racemes a
foot and more long. Capsules triangulari-orbicular, 3-celled, 3-6-seeded, seeds oblong, triangular, and somewhat
winged at the angles.
4. HELGNIAS. Linn.
1. H. dioica. Ph. Am. 1. p . 243. Gray. 1. c. p. 132.—H. lutea. Ait.—Bot. Mag. t.
1062.—H. pumila. Jacq.—Veratrum luteum. L.
H a b . Canada. Gray.
. 5,; VERATRUM. L.
1. V. viride. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. 3. p. 422. Ph. Am. 1. p. 242. Gray. 1. c.p.
118.— V. album. Mich. Am. 2. p. 249. (an Linn. ?)—Helonias viridis. Bot. Mag. t. 1096.
—V. parviflorum. Bong. Veg. de Sitcha, p. 48. vix Mx.—V. Lobelianum. /3. Esch-
scholzianum. Schult. Syst. Veg. v. 7. p. 1555.—V. Eschscholzii. Gray. 1. c. p. 119.
H ab . Canada, to the Saskatchawan and the Rocky Mountains. Drummond; and from the Columbia on
the west side to Stikine. Douglas. Dr Scouler. Tolmie. Dr Gairdner.—The north-western plant is the
same as the eastern one; and probably the V. Lobelianum, P. Schultz ( V. parviflorum, Bong.), from Norfolk
Sound, and from Sitcha, is merely a small flowered variety. The original V. parviflorum is a Carolina
plant. Again, the V. angustifolium of Pursh (foliis longissimis linearibus carinatis), of which the original
specimens are from the high mountains of Virginia and Carolina, that author has, in his Suppl., considered to
be also a native of Canada, because he found a specimen in' Sherard’s herbarium, marked “ Phalangium
Canadense,’’ &c.; but this, I fear, is not alone sufficient authority for introducing it into a Flora of British
America. I have a Mexican Veratrum ( V officinale, Klotzsch, mst.) which, in the foliage, well agrees with
Pursh’s V angustifolia. Perhaps the V. viride is not really, distinct from the European V. album. Gawler
says the sepals are broader; but they vary in the American plant considerably.
6. TOFIELDIA. Buds.
1. T. palustris (Huds.); racemo ovato denso, floribus fructibusque erectis, pedicellis
ad basin tribracteolatis, scapo nudo vel raro inferne subunifoliato. E. Bot. t. 536.
Gray. 1. c. p. 134—T; borealis. Wahl.—T. pusilla? Ph. Am. l.p. 246.
Hab. Labrador (Dr Morrison), and Hudson’s Bay to Bear Lake Rivers ; in the north, and to the Rocky
Mountains. Dr Richardson. Drummond. Lake Mistassins? Ph.—Flowers pale yellowish-white.
2. T. coccinea (Rich. App. p, 11); racemo spicato ovato-globoso, floribus subsessili-
bus, fructibus arete reflexis involucratis, involucro triphyllo, scapo bi-trifoliato folio Unico
supra medium. Hook, et Am. in Bot. of Beech, p. 130. t. 30 (29 in text, by mistake).
Gray. 1. c. p. 135.—T. borealis. Cham, in Linncea. 6. p. 584 (non Wahl.).—■$. major;
pedicellis longioribus involucri foliolis alternis.
Hab. a. Barren grounds from lat. 64° to the shores of the Arctic Sea ; about Jasper’s Lake on the Rocky
Mountains, and on the west coast, north of lat. 58°, to Unalaschka. Mr Menzies. Nelson. D r Richardson.
Drummond. Chamisso.—p. Mackenzie River. Dr Richardson.—This plant is readily known from the
preceding by its more flaccid leaves and leafy scape j by the sessile flowers, deeply tinged with red, and the
larger bracteas, which form a complete involucre beneath the flower; and, above all, by the singularly de-
flexed dark-purple fruit. I possess it from Siberia, from Pallas’ herbarium, where it is mixed with T. palustris,
though most assuredly a totally distinct species. The var. with more elongated pedicels, of which only
two specimens were gathered by Dr Richardson on the Mackenzie River, must not be confounded with T.
cemua, Sm.-, a plant of Gmelin, which has the flowers drooping but the fruit erect; but it is the same with
“ S. cemua? Sm.” of Turezaninow, in Herb, nostr., gathered “ in alpe Kawokta,” in Siberia.
3. T. glutinosa (Ph.); racemo coarctato, pedicellis 1-3-nis basi tribracteatis superne
calyculo seu involucro monophyllo obscure trifido sub flore, scapo parce folioso apice
pedicellisque glanduloso-scabris. (T ab. CXCI.)-—P/z. Am. 1. p. 246.Gray. 1. c.p. 138.—Narthecium glutinosum. Mx. Am. 1. p. 210. t. 8. ƒ . S2m. . 1. c. p. 246.
Hab. ■ Throughout Canada, to Hudson’s Bay and Bear Lake, D r Richardson, and to the Rocky Mountains.
Drummond. N. W. Coast. Menzies. Stikine and Sitcha. Bongard. Tolmie.—I .doubt if the
T. pubens of the United States be really different from this, except in the less viscid or not viscid glands.
Tab. CXCI. Fig. 1, Flowers -.—magnified; f. 2, Raceme of capsules x—nat. size; f. 3, Young capsule
; f 4, Single ripe capsule:—magnified.
7. MEDEOLA. L.
\. M. Virginica. L — Ph. Am. l.p . 244. Bot. Mag. t. 1316.—Gyromia. Nutt. Torr.
H ab. Canada. New Brunswick. Mr Kendal.