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that the Fuegians were there described as being black, like tbe
natives of Van Diemen’s Land. This mistake, so extraordinary
considering tbe numerous voyagers who have seen the naUves
of Tierra del Fuego during the last three hundred years, stimulated
me to inquire further into the data upon which that division
of the human family into separate ‘ races ’ was founded.
The more I have sought, the more evidence has appeared to
demonstrate the erroneous nature of such a view ; and the probability,
nay certainty, that all men are of one blood.
In the course of vears spent in various quarters of the world,
I have had opportunities of leisurely considering people from
all the principal countries. I have read much of what has
been written, during late years, on the subject of their resemblance,
or difference ; and the conclusion to which I have been
obliged to come is—that there is far less difference between most
nations, or tribes (selecting any two for the comparison), than
exists between two individuals wbo might be chosen out ot
either one of those nations or. tribes ; colour and hair alone
excepted.
In tbe city of Lima there are now at least twenty-three distinct
varieties of tbe human race, which are not only recognised
and well known in that capital, but have been carefully enumerated
and described by Stevenson, in the following table.
All these varieties have arisen from the intermarriages of three,
the Spaniard, the aboriginal Peruvian, and the negro : and
among their descendants almost any coloured skin, or kind of
hair, may be matched. It maybe observed that although negro
and wbite produce the zambo, which is a dark copper ; and
although it may be inferred from the table that zambo and some
lio-hter variety would produce a lighter shade of copper-colour
-ithere is still the long black hair, and scarcity of beard,
observed in most American aborigines, to be accounted for.
This peculiarity, however, may be derived from white and
negro- and I think it would not be difficult to show that
every variety of hair and colour might be produced from these
two originals only.
Father. Mother. Child. Colour, &c.
European European Creole White.
Creole Creole Creole White.
White Indian Mestiso f white, 1 Indian, fair.
Indian White Mestiso white, 1 Indian.
White Mestiso Creole White, often very fair.
Mestiso White Creole White, rather sallow.
Mestiso Mestiso Creole Sallow, often light hair.
White Negro Mulatto 1 white, ^ negro, often
fair.
Negro White Zambo 1 white, 1 negro, dark
copper.
White Mulatto Quarteron 1 white, 1 negro, fair.
Mulatto White Mulatto f white, 1^ negro, tawny.
White Quarteron Quinteron J white, ^ negro, very
fair.
Quarteron White Quarteron 4 white, 1 negro, tawny.
White Quinteron Creole White, light eyes, fair
hair.
Negro Indian Chino 1 negro, Indian, dark.
Indian Negro Chino 1 negro, | Indian.
Negro Mulatto Zambo I negro, | white.
Mulatto Negro Zambo 1 negro, | white.
Negro Zambo Zambo i f negro, Jg-white.
Zambo Negro Zambo 1 negro, | white.
Negro Chino Zambo Chino i f negro, Indian.
Chino Negro ZamboChino 1 negro, J Indian.
Negro Negro Negro Black.
more of the colour of the father than of the motlier.*
* Stevenson’s South America, vol i. p. 286.
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