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Eubus tiliaceus, Smith.
Indian mountains, at altitudes botwoon 3,000 and 8,000 foot ; also
in Polynesia. A rambling species. Fruit largo, purplish-black, but
mtlier insipid.
Rubus trivialis, Micliaux.
Sontli-Eastcrn States of North-Amorica. Anothor Blackberry-
slirul. with particularly palatable fruits, wliich are large and ripen
very early iu tho season. Tho plant will tlirivo iu dry sandy soil.
Like many other congeners, this one lias tlie bark rich in tannic acid.
Introduced iiy tlie writer of this work into Australia. Tho Logan!
Blackberry is a liybrid botwoon tlie Californian Blackberry and the
Caliloriiian Raspberry. It is a lieavy bearer of fruits of groat ex-
colleiieo ; it stands lioat aud aridity which destroy the Bíaokborry
and Ciimiiit. ^
Rubus ursinus, Cliamisso and Schlcchtondalil. (7?. 'úiacro'petaluoS, Douglas.)
California and Oregon. An unisexual slinib. Ernit black, oval-
cyliiidnc, particularly sweet. Readily rendered spontaneous. I t
would load too far to oimnicrate other utilitarian kinds of Rubus,
altliougii altogotlior about one liundrod genuino species do occur
wliicli render tlie genus ono of very wide dispersion over thè
globe.
Rubus villosus, Aiton.
Eastern Nortli-America, reacliing Canada, tliero ono of tho Black-
bmry-buriies. Growth tall. Fruit large and pleasant [Asa Gray].
I 10 Locliolle- and Lawtoii-variotios aro of tliis spocios [C. Koch]
Ihe^ Eldorado Blaokberry-biish is either this or a closely allied
species [ I rofessor Hilgard]. Tlio root-bark is praised for medioinal
purposes.
Rumex Acetosa, Linné.
Tho Kitclien-Sorrel. Europe, Middle aud Northern Asia to Japan,
also in tho frigid zone of Nortli-America. Endures tho frost of
Norway iiortliward to iat. 71° 10' [Scliuobeler] A perennial lierb.
llie tender varieties, particularly tlie Sj.anisli one (R. Higpanicus,
Koch), also ho alpino one (R. montanus, Hesfontaines) serve as
picasaut^ acidn 0113 vegetables, but must lie nsed iu moderation, as
their acidity like th a t of the species of Oxalis (Wood-Sorrel)
depends on binoxalato of potasli, wliicli however by tho cookiiiè
process becomes much removed tlirough tho surplus liquid. The
houth-Ainoan R. liixuriaiis, L., serves likewise as culinary sorrel
Aquatic species of Rumox help to solidify embankments subject to
Rumex hymenosepalus, Torrey,
Arizona, Texas, Now Mexico, Southorn California. This “ Dock,”
vomaeulariy known as “ Canaigré,” lias come into nse iu tanneries,
the roots acting by tlieir powerful taii-priiioiple doubly as quick as
oak-hark. This may prove a liiiit for testing other large species of
the extensive genus Riirnex in tliis respect. The root of K. hymono-
sepalus yields in a dry state 234 P®'' ®®a*- rlieo-tanuic aoid. W. N.
Evans found oven 37^ per cent, tanning principle in tlio dried root
according to Dyer. Significant among tau-plauts as a yearly yielder
from the very commenceinont. Tlio root is host usod frosh or converted
into an extract, as in drying it deteriorates [Professor Hilgard].
Tho plant is not of quick growtli. Cultivation soinelhiiig like th a t
of potatoes. Irrigation much iiicroaâes the yield. Tiie foliage
servos as a cnlinary vogotablo.
Rumex occidentalis, S. Watson.
From Now Mexico to Labrador, also in Cliili. Cognate to the
European and Asiatic R. loiigifolius (Do Candolle). Of this tall
pereiiuial dock tlio aborigines of Alaska extensively use tlie leafstalks
boiled as a pleasant acidulous-sweetish food [Krause, Kn rtz ].
Rumex Patientia, Linné.
Middle and Southern Europe, Sontli-Western Asia. Bioniiial.
I t is tho R. sativus of Plinius according to Fraas. Boars tiie cold
of Norwegian winters to lat, 70°. The young leaves furnish a
palatable sorrel-like spinacli. In cold climates it pushes forth its
leaves, before tho frost has liardly gone, and tlius comes in as one of
the first vegetables of tho season.
Rumex Bcutatus, Linné.
Tlio Froiich Sorrel, Middlo and Soutliern Europe, Nortlicru
Africa, Orient. Also perennial, aud superior to tlio foregoing as a
culinary plant. They aro all of use against scurvy, and most easily
reared. Dr. Rosontlial lauds evou ilie common R. crispus (Linné)
of Europe and Asia as a spiuach-jilant ; furtlier for culinary purposes,
R. pulclior (Linnc) and R. huoejilialophorus (Linnc) from
the countries at or near tlie MeditorraiiGaii Sea.
Rumex vesicarius, Linné.
Southern Europe, Middlo Asia, Northern Africa,
of tho same utility as other sorrels.
An annual lierb
Ruscus aculeatus, Linné.
Middle aud Southern Europe, Northern Africa, Soiitli-Western
Asia. This odd plant serves for forming gardou-liedgos. Tlio young
shoots of this and a few allied plants are edible.