it at Kinnaird in Angusshire, in the Den of Duppliin in
Perthshire, and in great plenty at Stobhall, seven miles
from Perth. The least questionable station South of
Tweed seems to be that recorded by Gerarde, “ in the cold
mountains of Northumberland.” Our drawing was made
from a specimen gathered, early in June 1810, in the park
at Dalkeith, recourse being had to a garden for the root,
and root-leaf, and for the dissections.
The plant creeps widely; hollow, furrowed, hairy stems
about 3 feet high, rising solitary and erect from the end of
compressed, transversely sulcate, somewhat woolly tubers,
compared not unaptly to scorpions. They are larger than
a filbert, and throw out from beneath coarse fibres, and
from the sides white, fleshy, scaly,horizontal threads, which
produce other tubers. Leaves soft and pliant, hairy on both
sides, somewhat waved, irregularly toothed, obtuse, except
the uppermost, which is rather acuminate: radical ones large,
on long channelled stalks, rounded, heart-shaped, the lobes
of the sinus often overlapping each other: stem-leaves
6—9; lower ones stalked ; their stalks, except the lowest,
winged and auricled ; the auricles in the higher leaves confluent
with the leafj and in the upper ones quite lost. Calyx
scales lanceolate-linear, taper-pointed, about half as
long as the ray. Flowers bright yellow. Ray of numerous
linear-oblong florets in a single row, which are sometimes
entire, but usually irregularly 3-toothed. Seeds oblong,
furrowed : those of the ray naked; destitute of pappus,
or bearing occasionally a bristle or two *: those of the
disk hairy, and with a sessile crown of simple roughish
bristles. The flower which terminates the stem is usually
overtopped by 3 or 4 axillary branches, with each a terminal
and often 3 or 4 lateral flowers. The whole herbage
issomewhat clammy, from a mixture of short gland-tipped
hairs, which abound most on the calyx, and the upper part
of the stem, where the longer hairs are least numerous.
* So that the chief distinction of Doronicum from Arnica is not absolute
in this species.
Of two specimens in the Linnæan Herbarium marked
D. plantagineum, but not bearing the authenticating number,
one has been ascertained by Mr. D. Don to be Arnica
glacialis of Wulfen, the other is the Doronicum of Engl.
Bot. t. 630. This we now regard, but with some doubt, as
D. plantagineum of Linn. Sp. PI. p- 1247, distinguishing
it by the following character from D. Pardalianches and
D. austriacum :
D. plantagineum. Leaves toothed ; radical ones on
naked stalks, ovate or slightly cordate, produced
at the base ; stem-leaves sessile, except the lowest
which has a winged stalk with stem-clasping
auricles ; intermediate ones cordate-oblong ;
upper ovate-acuminate.
Mr. Forster has been inclined, justly perhaps, to refer
this plant to D. scorpioides of Willdenow*. We dare not
adduce synonyms from the older authors. It differs from D\
Pardalianches as follows. Whole herb less hairy. Leaves
not so soft, less waved, less strongly toothed, all except
the radical ones rather acute ; these last much smaller,
and like the lower stem-leaves, very similar in shape to
those of Plantago major ; the base always decurrent. The
uppermost leaves have a long taper point, and do not clasp
the stem, which the rest do but slightly. . Flowers larger;
lateral ones, when the stem is branched, not overtopping
the central one. Calyx-scales longer» and. narrower, and
more nearly of the same length as the florets of the ray :
the latter truly linear.
The claim of this plant to be held a British native is not
so strong as that of our other species ; its known stations
besides that given in English Botany being only at Widding-
ton, Essex, where Mr. Forster has long been acquainted
* Mr. Bentham also thinks it probable that Willdenow’s B. scorpioides is
the same species. He informs us that the D. scorpioides of his own Pyre-
næan Catalogue, as well as of Flore Française, and of other French works,
is a slight variety of B. Pardalianches ; and that the B. plantagineum of
the South of France is entirely glabrous.