CHAPTER IX.
DUTCH HISTORY OF THE ARCHIPELAGO.
Causes which led to ike Dutch Adventures to India. The
First Voyage under Houtman, and the Conduct of that Ad'-
venturer. Causes which led to the formation o f a Joint•
Stock Company, and the pernicious consequences- o f that early
example. General Character of the Dutch Policy in relation
to the Inhabitants of the Archipelago Conduct oj the
Dutch in Java.—Native Princes o f the Island combine to
expel the Europeans.— Combination broken by the mutual
jealousies o f the Parties— The Town o f Jacatra destroyed,
and Batavia founded.— The Sultan of Mataram besieges
Batavia twice, and is defeated.-!—The mast flourishing period
o f the Dutch History o f Java.— The Dutch take part
with the Sultan of Mataram against his Subjects,, and are
involved in a long and expensive War War o f Bantam,
and expulsion of the English from Java Rebellion o f Surapati,
a Slave, who founds an Independent P rin cipalityT
Dutch involve themselves in the War fo r the Succession to‘
the Throne o f Mataram, and take part with the Usurper.—
The Conspiracy o f Erberfeld.—Massacre o f Ten Thousand
Chinese at Batavia.^—Java enjoys a profound Peace
fo r Fifty Years, and in spite o f Monopolies, and want of
Foreign Commerce, flourishes in consequence -Proceedings
of the Dutch in the more Western Countries of the Archipelago.—
The Object of their Policy in those parts chiefly
Commercial.— Conquest o f Malacca.—Decay of Malacca,
awing to the Establishment of the Commercial Monopoly.—
Transactions in Sumatra.—Search for Gold and Pepper
defeated.—Conduct of the Dutch in the Spice Islands.—■
They completely enslave them.— The Natives are scarcely
acquainted with them, when they are desirous to be rid
of them.— They inveigle the Native Princes into Treaties,
conferring upon themselves the exclusive right of buying
Cloves.—Revolt o f the People of Banda in 161-5.— Their second
Revolt in 1620, and total subjugation.—Massacre o f
the English at Amboyna.—Revolt of the People of Amboyna
and Ternate>—Executions.—Revolt in 1650 Conduct o f
Warning, the Governor o f the Moluccas.—Destruction o f
Clove Plantations because too productive.—Execution of
Twenty Nobles Execution of the gallant Ter bile and
others.—Execution of John Pays, a Christian Chief*—
Murder of the Prince Saydi.—Murder of the King of Gi-
lolo and his Family.—Earthquakes and Epidemics afflict
Amboyna.— The People of the Moluccas finally submit to
the Dutch Yoke.— The Ruin o f Celebes involved.in the Fata
of the Moluccas.
T h e history of the Dutch empire in the Indian
Archipelago must be narrated at greater length
than that of the Portuguese, as it is more import*
ant and better known;, and as the influence of the
Dutch nation has been not only more extensive,
but of Longer continuance.
The inhabitants of the Low Countries, driven
from the ports of Spain and Portugal, and deprived,
by the union of those kingdoms, of the beneficial
commerce which they carried on in distributing
throughout Europe the productions of the Ea#t,