not be sure which) and felspar. In that case it must be considered as
a greenstone; but it differs in its aspect from any greenstone that I
had previously seen. The intimate mixture o f the-constituents might
make it probable that this stone was a transition greenstone; but I
could see no quartz veins which are said to characterize this rock. At
the same time I must acknowledge, that the difficulty o f examining
this rock was so great from its perpendicularity that my survey was
too imperfect to enable me to say, with certainty, that such veins did
not exist. The Swedes call this rock Trap. The very same rock
capes Kinnekiille and some o f the other hills. Its nature therefore,
which I hope to be enabled to determine in a satisfactory manner
when my specimens arrive, will serve to decide, in a great measure,
whether these hills belong to the transition or the floetz formation. I
have given a sketch o f the composition of these two hills in Plate XIII,
fig. l . This, like all the other similar sketches in that plate, has
been copied from Hisinger’s Samling till en Mineralogisk Geogrqfi
ofver Sverige, published in 1808; this book I have carefully consulted,
and compared my own descriptions with those which he
has given. And though I have not followed his opinions in every instance,
yet I have been much benefited by his remarks. In that sketch
the slate-clay, limestone, and stinkstone, have been all confounded
with the alum-slate to which they are subordinate.
2 . Kinnekiille (pronounced CTiinnycoolley) lies upon the east side of
the lake Venner, and is of very great extent. I have given a view of
this remarkable hill in the annexed Plate IV. We stopped the preceding
night at its foot. But though we got up and set out by five in the
morning, the examination o f it, which we made merely by passing
over it from the south to the north side, took us up almost the whole
day. In length from north to south it cannot be less then ten miles.
It lies immediately over the gneiss, which constitutes the basis o f the
country: this I found upon the north side immediately at the foot of
the mountain. On the south and west side the soil is alluvial and
nothing is to be seen but loose sand.
Kinnekiille consists of five different beds lying in regular order one
above the other. The three lowest constitute the great body o f the
mountain: at the top o f them there is an extensive plain, with several
villages. The two highest beds constitute another terrace and a small
cap placed in the middle o f this elevated plain.
The lowest bed is a sandstone similar to that which constitutes the
basis o f Hunneberg,, and like it containing pyrites. This bed is best
seen on the north side o f the mountain near the alum work. I am
ignorant o f its thickness, as the whole o f it was not exposed.
Over the sandstone lies a pretty thick bed o f alum-slate, containing
nodules o f stinkstone. This bed splits into very thin slates; it is employed
for the making of. alum at Honssatters, near which it can be
most distinctly seen. This bed appeared pretty thick; what I saw o f
it could not be less then 20 feet, but as the whole bed was not exposed,
I do not know its whole thickness. In the stinkstone were some
petrifactions : among others I observed some anomias and an entomo-
lithus paradoxus.
The bed o f limestone is very thick, it splits o f itself into thin
paralleilopipeds like sandstone, so that when I first saw it at a distance
I took it for sandstone; but a nearer inspection left no doubt about its
nature. It has a grey colour, and is composed o f very fine particles
without the smallest appearance o f crystallization. It abounds in
orthoceratites and echini. I had an opportunity o f examining a vast
variety o f specimens o f it; for, near the village of Westa Plana we
stopped some hours, there were many dikes o f it composed o f loose
stones and surrounding the fields. I found a man also cutting it into
the shape o f troughs. From its aspect I should presume that it contains
a great deal of clay in its composition; but that opinion can only
be verified by a chemical analysis when my specimens arrive.
I found by a barometrical measurement, that the height o f the first
terrace o f Kinneculle, or the top of the limestone bed, was 347 feet
above the lake: the height of the small conical hill, which constitutes
the top of Kinnekiille above this terrace, is 423A feet.
This little hill is composed of the two beds which remain to be
described: the first o f them consists o f a very thick bed o f slate-clay
H