structure has been already described, in the third chapter of this
work.
I was obliged to stay in Gottenburg from Tuesday to Sunday, and
passed my time very agreeably with my hospitable friends in that city.
On Sunday, the 18 th o f October, I went on board the Lord Nelson
packet, Captain Deane; and, after a stormy passage o f a week,
landed at Harwich early on Monday morning, the 26th of October.
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eiril to Li
ortsongoog 6
CHAPTER XVIII.
CONCERNING LAPLAND.
Boundaries— Climate— Woody Lapland—Subwoody Lapland—Subalpine Lapland—
Alpins Lapland—Height of the Mountains—Temperature of inland Lapland; of
maritime Lapland—Temperature of the Earth—Vegetation—Table of the Plants that
grow at different Heights—Effect of Snow on Vegetation—Plants of the western Coast
analogous to those in Iceland and Scotland—Those on the east Side to those in
Siberia—Number of Species of Plants found in Lapland—Minerals of Lapland.
I n the' preceding chapters I have stated the result of my own observations
on those parts of Sweden which I visited. A wish to give
as complete a view of that country as possible, induces me to add
a few observations on the northern provinces which did not come
within the range of my journey; and I begin with Lapland, which is
the most northerly, and the largest of all.
Lapland constitutes the northern part of Scandinavia, and extends,
from about north latitude 64° to the Northern Ocean, occupying an
extent from north to south o f rather more than seven degrees of
latitude, or about 500 English miles. Its breadth may be estimated
at about fifteen degrees o f longitude, or 300 English miles. . For a
degree of longitude, in latitude 67°, does not exceed twenty-seven
English miles in length. This large track o f country belongs partly to
Russia, partly to Sweden, and partly to Denmark. To Russia belongs
all the track of country to the east of the river Torneo, which runs