Arable ground in' tonblands.
Arable
.wbol
Propor
lan
SI spanns.
Produce from the
seed iii spanns. I
Provinces.
In the towns.
1
pa
Total.
Amount to each
tion of arable
d cultivated.
land to the
e extent of connus
1 to
Amount to each
labourer. ¡
increase of corn
four years.
j For each farm.
Total.
For each farm.
Total. II
Norrbotten........... 98 7982 8080 15-4 0-4 2151 3 4-4 Vesterbotten.......... 80 16 8500 70 3757O 0 8 10450 10530 15 0-4 1465 3 4-4 IS 12800 Vester Norrland .. 212 22568 22780 14*6 0-6 220 ' 3 * 5-3 12 19347 63 103509 1-3 20 IO7OO 10720 11-2 0-5 917 3 5*3 9036 48 .48343 1-2
Norrland . . . . 410 51700 52110 14-2 0-5 ■915 4-9 13 49683 P 6 4 245998 1-2
City o f Stockholm
Stockholm........... ..
400
- 516 70500
400
7 1OI6 18 1-2 22 6-2 12 5.1127 74 316987 ¡¿6 Upsala.................... 2070 82294 84364 23*7 1-7 13 6-2 13 47257 81 285356 2-8 Vesteros ................ 2430 53085 55515 19*5 l- l 27 + 5-7 12 . 36713 78 211100 7 Nykoping.............. 988 53023 54011 16*5 0-9 24 6-7 10 33 5.S3 67 225006 Orebro. . . . . . . . . . 2/ i 9 43504 46223 lb-6 0-7 36 I 5-2 13 37946 68 198279 i 4 Carlstad.................. 2050 80423 .82473 58 0-9 42 T 4-3 51 87794 219 377514 2-6 Stora Kopparberg . ¿99 50948 5Í547 28-6 0-6 129 ■ 2 5-8 23 41514 133 240781 Gefleborg.......... 18 95 . 26472 28367 13-b 0*5 140 2
y 6-6 11 23157 73 153996 i-5
Svealand . . . . 13667 460249 473916 24-3 0-9 45 . TT 5*6 16 359091 90 2OO9017 1*9
Linköping................... 2948 101113 104061 1.9 l-i 21 (i 5-3 14 67933 74 360044 Kalmare....................... 411 65710 66121 19*7 0-8 . 34 2 4-6 14 50123 6 4 ' 230566 Idnkoping.............. 5Ò3 53Î81 53684 13-7 0-7 40 3 4-1 14 56228 57 233346 Kronoberg.............. l 6 l 37534 37695 13-2 0-6 48 ] 4-2 14 41745 59 175229 1-4 Blekinge................ 300 21415 21715 20 0-b 27 3 5*6 22 24847 123 139143 1-7 Skaraborg . . . . . . . >2200 140992 143192 29*8 1-6 12 3 4 22 106466 . 88 425864 2-3 Elfsborg ................ 1034 72774 73808 17-5 0-7 37 I 3-8 20 87969 78 334282 m Goteborg................ 2184 40274 42458 15-2 0-6 22 4 5-1 15 42140 76 '215757 Halmstad................ IO94 42889 43983 15 0-9 23 1 3-7 15 44592 . 55 I67120 1*7 Christianstad . . . . 754 88590 89344 29-7 1*1 13 3 4-3 23 71169 99 306027 Malmohus............ 5287 217322 222609 54-9 2-3 4 2 4-6 29 118687 133 548334 2*8 Gottland................ 852 29212 30064 27*3 1*7 20 T 4*5 18 19894 81 83523 1-9
Gotaland . . . . 17728 911006 928734 23-5 1*1 20 X 4*5 19 731794 85 3204184 1-9
Sweden......... 31805 1422955 1454760 22 1-0 62 i 5 17 1140567 85 5702835 1-8
N. B. The Swedish tunnland is rather greater than an English acre and a quarter.
The-Swedish spann is a measure holding 28 kanns, or equal to 4^-English wine pints; or
something more than the 20th of a Winchester bushel.
The Swedish tunn is equal to two spanns, or 84- English wine pints; or rather more than the
10th of a Winchester bushel.
Several very remarkable circumstances suggest themselves from the
preceding table.
l . The arable land in Sweden amounts only to one 62d part of the
surface; or, i f we exclude Norrland, on account of its climate and
situation, to one 32d part of the surface. This is a very small proportion,
indeed, and shows us how much the extension of agricultural
pursuits must be limited'in Sweden. In England, I should suppose
that the arable portion o f the surface considerably exceeds one half of
the whole country; for it is needless to remark, that most o f the commons
are perfectly susceptible o f cultivation.
■ 2. The quantity o f arable land actually under culture in Sweden, is
represented in the table to amount to three fourths o f the whole; so
that one fourth o f the arable land lies waste. This is a large proportion;
though probably not greater than exists in any other country.
But in Sweden, where the quantity of arable land is but small, it is
more injurious to the country to neglect such a proportion, than in
other countries, where the quantity o f arable land is great. The whole
arable land in Sweden amounts to. . . . 1 ,818,4 50 English acres.
Portion of ditto cultivated 1,363,838
Portion lying waste......................... 454,612
3 . From the great proportion o f surface unfit for producing corn, it
is obvious that Sweden is. well adapted for a pastoral country, and
ought to raise great herds o f cattle and flocks o f sheep. What number
o f these useful animals exists in Sweden, we shall see hereafter.
4 . From the preceding table, it appears that the average size of
a Swedish farm is 274. English acres. This alone is a decisive proof
o f the miserable state o f agriculture in that country. Nothing can
be better established than the necessity o f capital to the improvement
o f the soil, and to the raising o f productive crops; and nothing can
be clearer than that a man who farms twenty-seven acres must, o f
necessity, be destitute o f capital, and therefore incapable o f cultivating
his farm in the way that it ought to be cultivated. The crops Will
not only be poor, but the land will fall daily into a worse state.
5 . Nothing can furnish a more striking proof o f the miserable state
o f agriculture, than the annual average of corn sown in each farm:
it does not amount to a Winchester bushel. Such farmers cannot
possibly depend upon the produce o f their farm for their support;
they must have other methods; and the principal of these, I presume,
3 1 2