ill::
be recognized by the broad petiolate leaves and globular corymbs, which sometimes become diseased and form
round balls of silky wool, with brown scales interspersed (probably due to the punctui'e of an insect). The plant
was first described as a Swammerdammia (by M. Raoul), a genus I do not retain.
§ b. Capitula solitary. Leaves very minute, ap^
2. Ozothamnus microphyllus, Hook, fil.; fruticulus decumbens, ramosus, incanus, ramis divaricatis
prostratis, ramulis ascendentibus, foliis minimis arete imbricatis ramis appressis ovatis obtusis crassis coriaceis
dorso glaberrimis convexis infra apicem cicatricatis in tu s superne lanuginosis, capitulis majusculis
solitariis ramulis abbreviatis terminalibus sessilibus, involucri squamis coriaceis margine scariosis, flosculis
plurimis, receptáculo plano, acheniis pilosis. T a b . X XX V . A .
H a b . Middle Island. N e lso n ; stony places, M/arrau Pass, 4 0 0 0 feet elev., Bidwill.
K sinall, hoar}’, half-herbaceous shrub, a foot high, with woody branching stem, as thick as a crow-quill, and
short silvery branches, covered with small, closely appressed, inconspicuous scale-like leaves. Leaves ovate, thick
and coriaceous, blunt, smooth at the back, and marked with an oval spot below the tip, densely woolly on tbe upper
surface (next the stem), 4 -4 line long. Heads terminal, solitary at the tips of the branches, 4 inch long, broadly
oblong. Involucral scales scarious, linear, blunt. Florets very numerous, yellow. Achenia pubescent.—A curious
plant, alhed to the 0 . lepidophyllus of Tasmania, but much smaller, and with solitary heads of flowers.—
P late X X X V . A . Fig. 1, top of branch; 2, leaf; 3, involucre cut o p en ; 4, floret; 5, pappus; 6, stamen:— all
3. Ozothamnus depressus, H o o k .fll.; fruticulus decumbens, ramosus, sericeus, ramis prostratis, ram u hs
brevibus ascendentibus su b tirg a tis ultimis dense foliosis, fohis arete imbricatis caule appressis lineari-
ligulatis obtusis crassis coriaceis superne viUosis dorso sericeis convexis, capitulis ramulis brevibus te rminalibus
solitariis, involucri anguste oblongi squamis linearibus scariosis obtusis, acheniis costatis
glaberrimis. T a b . X XX V . B .
H a b . Middle Islan d . N e lso n ; banks of streams at W a rrau Pass, 225 0 feet elev., B idw ill.
Very similar in habit and general appearance to 0. microphyllus, hat more straggling. veiy woody,
prostrate, as are the larger branches, the smaller ones erect or ascending, leafy, all covered with a closely appressed
silvery-grey pubescence. Leaves densely imbricated, narrow linear, blunt, silky at the back, woolly on the face,
appressed to the stem, 1 line long. Capitula narrower and rather longer than in the former species. Florets also
longer; pappus very white, silky, and of slender hairs. Achenia quite smooth, ribbed or angled.—P l a t e XXXV. B.
Fig. 1, top of branch; 2, leaf; 3, involucre cut open; 4, floret; 5, pappus; 6, stamen:— a lh
N ote. Ozothamnus pinifolius, Br. (Calea pinifolia, Forst.), is only known through a very indifferent specimen
in Forster’s Herbarium, to which the habitat of New Zealand is marked by that author with a mark of doubt. As
it has been found by no succeeding collector, I am inclined to suspect it to be more probably a New Caledonian
plant. I t may be recognized by its very narrow aceróse leaves, spreading on all sides, and its scarred branches,
exactly like those of a Pine.
Gen. X IV . RA O U L IA , Hook.Jil.
Cagntulurn multiflorum, heterogamum, discoideum. Involucrum o blongum; squamis scariosis, 1-2 -se-
riatis, intimis erectis, disco æquilongis v. longioribus, radiantibus, albis. Receptaculum angustissimum,
alveolatnm v. fimbrilliferum, rarius pilosum. Flosculi radii ? , 1-seriales, angustissimi, tubulosi, 3 -4 -d en ta ti :
disci 5 -d en ta ti; antheræ bicaudatæ. Pappus pilis sericeis tenuissimis 1 -^ ria tis barbellatis flosculis
longioribus.— Herbæ p erp u silla Novæ Zelandiæ et Tasmaniæ, simplizisculoe v. ramosoe, fo lio soe ; foliií
catis ; capitulis sessilibus, solitariis, terminalibus.
135
Very curious, and generally minute, alpine, simple or branching herbs, often tufted and moss-like, with veiy
small, smooth or woolly, loosely or densely imbricated leaves, and sohtary terminal heads, sunk amongst the leaves
at the ends of the branches. Heads many-flowered ; outer florets in one row, female, slender, tubular, three- to fourtoothed
; inner hermaphrodite, tubular, campanulate, five-toothed. Involucre of several rows of erect scales, coriaceous
or scarious, often spreading outwards when dry ; inner scales as long as the florets, and, like the others, in some
species radiating with long white ligulæ. Receptacle extremely naiTow, convex, alveolate or fimbrillate or hairy,
hidden (even after the florets have fallen away) by the involucral scales, which always connive at' the base. Siamens
of the disc-florets five ; anthers with two (sometimes fimbriated) tails ; arms of the styles generally proti-uded,
truncated, hispid at the points. Achenia smooth, glandular, or pubescent.—The very inconspicuous plants forming
this genus are difficult of discrimination, without great care and a magnifying glass. As a genus, it is not easily
defined, except by its size and habit : it differs from Ozothamnus in the regular series of female florets ; from Heli-
chrysum by its habit, and very narrow receptacle ; from Gnaphalium by the same characters. (Named in honour of
M. M. E. Raoul, surgeon in the French navy, author of the excellent ‘ Choix de Plantes,’ repeatedly quoted.)
§ a. Involucral scales all similar ; none white or radiating.
1. Raoulia australis, Hook, fil.; perpusiUa, densissime congesta, foliis dense imbricatis patulis subrecurvis
spathulatis obtusis crassiusculis concavis tomentosis albidis sulphureisve, involucri squamis exterioribus
foliis similibus intimis scariosis linearibus obtusis flosculis æquilongis. Nohis, in Raoul, Choix de
Pla n tes, p . 20. t. 15.
H a b . Thro u g h o u t th e Islands, iu dry rocky places, and ou th e mountains ; originaUy detected by M r.
B idw ill on Tongariro ; I have n o t seen specimens from n o rth of th e E a st Cape.
Stems 4 -1 4 inch high, most densely tufted, branched; branches closely covered with smaU, coriaceous, densely
imbricating leaves. Leaves 1 -3 lines long, patent, recurved, spathulate, blunt, very concave above, generaUy thickly
covered with white or yellow wool. Heads terminal, small. Involnci-al scales often spreading when dry, conniving at
the base ; the outer coriaceous, woolly ; inner smooth, scarious, white or sulphur-yellow.—This beautiful little plant
varies much in the size of the leaves, which are sometimes so small that the wliole plant resembles a moss ; it is of
a pale sulphur-colour.
2. Raoulia tenuicaulis, Hook. fil. ; caulibus gracUibus dense v. laxe cæspitosis, foUis laxe imbricatis
patuUs lineari-oblougis ligulatisve obtusis apiculatis acuminatisve glabratis sericeis tomentosisve, involucri
squamis hyaUnis apicibus discoloribus sphacelatis. T a b . X X X V I. A.
H a b . N o rth e rn and Middle Is la n d s ; on mountains, etc., Colenso, B idw ill.
SiraUar in most respects to R. australis ; but mnch more slender, and with longer, less densely-tufted stems.
Branches sliort or long, sometimes trailing for 6 -8 inches, slender, sparingly leafy. Leaves spreading, hnear-oblong
or nearly lanceolate, sharp or apiculate, rather thick and coriaceous, more or less silky or wooUy on one or both
surfaces, sometimes smooth, except towards the point at the back, 1 -2 lines long. Heads tenninal, a good deal
larger than the leaves, 4 inch long. Involucral scales imbricated ; outer woolly, coriaceous ; inner scarious and
hyaline, with brown tips ; none radiating beyond the others, or white.—I have seen (and figured) au hermaphrodite
flower of this species with tluee arms to the style.—P l a t e XXXYI. A. Fig. 1, 2, leaves ; 3, floret of the ray ;
4, of the disc; 5, pappus ; 6, stamen:—all magnified.
§ b. Inner scales o f the involucre longer than the others, radiating, tipped with white or all white.
3. Raoulia glabra, Hook. fil. ; caulibus gracilibus elongatis ramosis laxe cæspitosis superne foUosis,
foliis laxe v. dense imbricatis patulis lineari-ligulatis lineivri-oblongisve obtusis superne concavis glaberrimis,
capitulis majusculis, involucri squamis interioribus foliis similibus apicibus sphacelatis v. concoloribus
intimis breviter radiantibus supra medium albidis.
H a b . Middle Island. Milford Sound, L ya ll.